Endófitos bacterianos y su potencial en biotecnología agrícola: el caso de pseudomonas fluorescens PICF7 (original) (raw)
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Endophytic Bacteria; Diversity, Characterization and Role in Agriculture
Entophytic bacteria have an important role in the growth process and health of the plant host. Nevertheless, also some endophytic bacteria are existing in seeds and have not been studied yet. In addition, some Entophytic bacteria are important in plant tolerance to environmental stresses. They can colonize the internal tissues of the host and are able to use a variety of different relations including symbiotic, mutualism, communalistic, and trophobiotic. They have the ability for plant hormone production like auxin, indole acetic acid, and gibberellin; also some endophytic bacteria have the ability for siderophore creation, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, protease, and hydrogen cyanide formation.. Moreover, they produce compounds that could have possible usage in drug, agriculture or engineering. They have the ability to removesoil toxins thus, improving phytoremediation and soil fertility. Further, most of endophytic bacteria are diazotrophs and associated with the Proteobacteria, and a varied range has been detected agreeing to the nifH gene which codes for nitrogenase enzyme, structures recovered from plant materials, however a limited part of these genes looks to be stated. The endophytes discussed in this review are isolated from surface-disinfested plant tissue, and that do not damage the plant. Moreover, endophytes appear to be in-between saprophytic bacteria and plant pathogens, they are either saprophytes growing to be pathogens, or extremely grown plant pathogens with protective accommodation and nutrient provisions, but not killing their host. Generally, endophytic bacteria are partial under biotic and abiotic influences, with the plant itself being one of the main prompting influences.
Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops
Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 1997
Abstract: Endophytic bacteria are ubiquitous in most plant species, residing latently or actively colonizing plant tissues locally as well as systemically. Several definitions have been proposed for endophytic bacteria; in this review endophytes will be defined as those bacteria that ...
Effects of Endophytic Bacteria on Disease and Growth in Plants under Biotic Stress
Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2018
The aim of this study was to reveal the effects of four endophytic bacteria (EB) (Ochrobactrumsp. CB36/1, Pantoea agglomerans CC37/2, Bacillus thuringiensis CA41/1 and Pseudomonas fluorescens CC44) on the plant development of tomato and pepper and the effects against bacterial spot disease caused by Xanthomonas euvesicatoria (Xe) in both hosts. EB applied on tomato and pepper seedlings cultivated in a sterile peat growing medium in a climate chamber in two different periods to the roots. The pathogen inoculated on the leaves by spraying. Disease severity was measured by different scales for tomatoes and peppers, and plant development parameters were determined at the end of the study. The antagonistic effects of EB against Xe and 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase activities were determined with in vitro studies. The effect of endophytic bacteria on tomato and pepper varied according to the host plant x endophyte x pathogen combination. While no bacteria were effe...
Impact of Endophytic Microorganisms on Plants, Environment and Humans
The Scientific World Journal, 2014
Endophytes are microorganisms (bacteria or fungi or actinomycetes) that dwell within robust plant tissues by having a symbiotic association. They are ubiquitously associated with almost all plants studied till date. Some commonly found endophytes are those belonging to the generaEnterobacter sp.,Colletotrichum sp.,Phomopsis sp.,Phyllosticta sp.,Cladosporium sp.,and so forth. Endophytic population is greatly affected by climatic conditions and location where the host plant grows. They produce a wide range of compounds useful for plants for their growth, protection to environmental conditions, and sustainability, in favour of a good dwelling place within the hosts. They protect plants from herbivory by producing certain compounds which will prevent animals from further grazing on the same plant and sometimes act as biocontrol agents. A large amount of bioactive compounds produced by them not only are useful for plants but also are of economical importance to humans. They serve as anti...
Endophytic Bacteria: Hidden Protective Associates of Plants against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses
An endophyte is a microorganism, usually bacterium or fungus, which lives within the internal tissue of a host plant, causing no apparent harm. Some characteristics of an endophyte include ability to promote plant growth and to confer plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Endophytic bacteria spread across many phyla including the Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. Endophytic bacteria are recruited by hosts and they get attached to the surface and eventually find their way into the internal tissues where they spread to the intercellular spaces of host plants. These bacteria have been isolated and characterized from different plants. Currently, culture-independent methods such as sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene or metalogenomics are used for identification and characterization of endophytes. The mechanisms by which the endophyte-induced plant protection is brought about can be through direct and/or indirect methods. The direct strategy antagonizes phytopathogens by the production of chemical substances while the indirect mechanisms improve resistance of hosts to pathogens. Global gene expression studies on some common endophytic bacteria implicated these direct and indirect strategies of bacterial-induced protection. More research should be geared towards how the economic importance of endophytic bacteria could be utilized to enhance global food security.
Benefits Associated with the Interaction of Endophytic Bacteria and Plants
Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2018
The endophytic bacteria belong to a larger group of microorganisms that have their life-cycle partly or entirely inside the plant and are located in intra and inter-cellular spaces or in the vascular tissue. These bacteria can be found colonizing aerial parts or roots. This review aims to analyze the colonization strategies of endophytic bacteria through interaction with plants, as well as to highlight the metabolic influence of these organisms in plant tissues, which result in physiological and biochemical changes. Depending on the different mechanisms used internally to colonize a plant, these microorganisms are called obligate, facultative, or passive endophytes. Phytostimulation, biofertilization and biological control are mechanisms that result in the development of the plant through the production of plant hormones, bioavailability of nutrients and antagonistic action to phytopathogens, respectively. The association between endophytic bacteria and plants features important benefits such as significant increases in growth, plant biomass, length of roots, dry matter production, and grain yield. Studies show that there is a great diversity of endophytic bacteria colonizing plant structures that result in several benefits to the host plant.
Sustainability is the biggest challenge faced by Mexico against a backdrop of bleak environmental degradation. It is necessary to acquire knowledge and to implement environment-friendly alternatives in order to preserve and maintain the natural resources of the country, a key factor in improving the profitability of agricultural production. In nature there is an unknown number of associations between microbial populations, which are influenced by environmental, physical and chemical factors. Microbial relationships determine the dominant or inhibited communities that exist in the soil, in the roots of the plants, and also those that coexist without affecting (positively or negatively) other populations. The factors determining microbial activity are important because of their influence in maintaining soil fertility and crop nutrition. Therefore, this work studied the bacterial populations present in locations with different soil and climatic conditions. This in order to evaluate the...