THE ORIGIN OF CULTIVATED PLANTS (original) (raw)
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The connectedness of humans to plants is the most fundamental of human relationships. Plants are, and historically have been, sources of food, shelter, bedding, tools, medicine, and, most importantly, the very air we breathe. Plants have inspired awe, a sense of wellbeing, religious fervor, and acquisitiveness alike. They have been collected, propagated, and mutated, as well as endangered or driven into extinction by human impacts such as global warming, deforestation, fire suppression, and over-grazing. A Cultural History of Plants traces the global dependence of human life and civilization on plants from antiquity to the twenty-first century and comprises contributions by experts and scholars in a wide range of fields, including anthropology, archaeology, art history, botany, classics, garden history, history, literature, and environmental studies more broadly. The series consists of six illustrated volumes, each devoted to an examination of plants as grounded in, and shaping, the cultural experiences of a particular historical period. Each of the six volumes, in turn, is structured in the same way, beginning with an introductory chapter that offers a sweeping view of the cultural history of plants in the period in question, followed by chapters on plants as staple foods, plants as luxury foods, trade and exploration, plant technology and science, plants and medicine, plants in (popular) culture, plants as natural ornaments, and the representation of plants. This cohesive structure offers readers the opportunity both to explore a meaningful cross-section of humans' uses of plants in a given period and to trace a particular use-as in medicine, for example-through time from volume to volume. The six volumes comprising A Cultural History of Plants are as follows:
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The manuscripts of Diarium Surinamicum by Daniel Rolander practically remained ignored and unpublished for over 240 years, till the recent publication of its translation into English, which occurred in 2008. In this, the names of species described and/or cited by Rolander were faithfully retained, hence preserving the indication of them without authorship, for the vast majority. In the present work, all the names of plants that were treated by Rolander in his journal, about 664, including by tradition the fungi and algae, are contextualised in relation to the authorship, reference to the publication of the protologue, pagination of citations/descriptions in the manuscripts and in the published translation, indication of probable misidentifications with possible alternative names, vernacular names, and related literature. Additionally, we searched for the vouchers collected by Rolander, scattered in several herbaria, which have been linked to the probable names and descriptions in th...
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The importance of plants is well known to us. Life and its growth cannot be imagined without plants. Food for our survival is produced by plants and they also create a healthy and eco-friendly environment to live (Sazada et al., 2009). The use of various parts of different medicinal plants to cure specific ailments has been common from ancient times in India. The indigenous system of medicine namely Ayurvedic, Siddha and Unani have been in existence for many centuries. Apart from India, these systems are also prominent in Korea, China, Singapore, West Asia and many other countries. The knowledge of medicinal plants has been inherited traditionally therefore; the utilization of this knowledge has become important for human existence. In the old times, plants were used as remedies for the diseases. The oldest religious book of the World “Rigveda” provides information about the medicinal use of plant “Soma” as a medicinal agent by the Indo-Aryans, which was written between 4000 and 1600 B.C. (Bhattacharjee, 2004).
AGAVADACEAE JC TREJO1928 11276 1 PB
Background. Agave sisalana is a cultigen from Mexico. In 1833 it was brought to Florida by Henry Per-rine as an experimental crop. From there it was introduced to tropical Africa and Asia in the late 19 th Century , where it became established as a fiber crop. Paradoxically, in the Yucatan it meanwhile evanesced from its already scanty presence. Because material was collected from cultivated stock in Chiapas in the 1950s and a neotype from there was selected in 1988, it was assumed to have originated in Chiapas. Questions. Did A. sisalana originate in the Yucatan Peninsula following Perrine (1838a, 1938b) rather than from Chiapas sensu Gentry (1988)? Studied species. Agave sisalana (sisal), one of the strongest natural fibers in the world and a commercially important crop. Study site and dates. Live plants were located in the Yucatan between 2013–2017. Methods. We document historical and current presences of A. sisalana in the Yucatan Peninsula following three lines of evidence: 1) overlooked records and reports in literature; 2) herbarium specimens; and 3) presence of extant populations. Results. Eleven localities in the Yucatan Peninsula still have extant populations of sisal. We uncovered herbarium specimens from the region, including an original specimen by Perrine, from Campeche, which is selected as the lectotype for the name, superseding the neotype from Chiapas. Conclusion. We demonstrate the continued presence of Agave sisalana in the Yucatan Peninsula, even though it has now become rare. It is most likely that the crop was first domesticated there.
AUP, 2023
List of illustrations Abbreviations Selected Bibliography Index of Manuscripts, Early Printed Books, and Objects General Index of individuals, titles of printed works, iconography Index of English plant names Latin names for medieval plant names Index of Latin plant names Index of medieval Latin and Greek plant names (italics) and (old) Dutch (D.), German (G.) and French (Fr.) Names (roman) Colophon Chapter 7. 'The Cook is the Best Doctor' Plants for Food and Health: Recipes and Prescriptions