Among the swedish generation of adolescents who experience an increased trend of psychosomatic symptoms. Do they develop depression and/or anxiety disorders as they grow older? (original) (raw)
Related papers
An increase in psychosomatic symptoms among youth: Is it connected to adult mental health?
Research Square (Research Square), 2022
Background. Despite an increase in mental health problems, with psychosomatic symptoms having been observed in new generations of youth, the extent to which these problems correspond to an increase in adult mental problems is unknown. The present study investigates whether adolescents with high levels of psychosomatic symptoms are at risk of developing depression and anxiety problems in adulthood and whether sex moderates any association. Moreover, we aim to understand whether different clusters of youth psychosomatic symptoms-somatic, psychological and musculoskeletal-have different impacts on adult mental health. Methods. Swedish adolescents-aged 13 (49%) and 15 (51%)-completed surveys at baseline (T1) and 3 years later (T2); of them, 1174 (61% females) also participated after 6 years (T3). Multivariate logistic models were run. Results. Youth with high levels of psychosomatic symptoms had higher odds of high levels of depressive symptoms at T2 and T3. Moreover, psychosomatic symptoms at T1 predicted a high level of anxiety symptoms and diagnoses of anxiety disorders at T3. When analyzed separately, musculoskeletal symptoms predicted higher odds of having high levels of depressive symptoms at T2 and T3 and anxiety symptoms at T3, while psychological symptoms predicted high levels of anxiety symptoms at T2. Moreover, somatic symptoms at T1 predicted diagnoses of depression and anxiety disorders at T3. Sex did not moderate any of the relationships. Conclusions. The study supports the idea that the decline of mental health in youth can seriously impact the psychological health of new generations of young adults.
BMJ Open, 2012
Objectives: The authors investigated self-perceived psychosomatic health in young people (10e24 years of age) in Sweden and analysed different samples during the years 2005 and 2007e2010 via a community website. Design: Repeated cross-sectional surveys: (1) single question on a single day in 2005. (2) One specific question delivered on each of eight separate days in 2005. (3) The same eight questions delivered to smaller groups on the same day in 2007 and then again to randomly selected subjects in 2010.
BMJ Open
ObjectivesPublic health trends are formed by political, economic, historical and cultural factors in society. The aim of this paper was to describe overall changes in mental health among adolescents and adults in a Norwegian population over the three last decades and discuss some potential explanations for these changes.DesignRepeated population-based health surveys to monitor decennial changes.SettingData from three cross-sectional surveys in 1995–1997, 2006–2008 and 2017–2019 in the population-based HUNT Study in Norway were used.ParticipantsThe general population in a Norwegian county covering participants aged 13–79 years, ranging from 48 000 to 62 000 000 in each survey.Main outcome measuresPrevalence estimates of subjective anxiety and depression symptoms stratified by age and gender were assessed using the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-5 for adolescents and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for adults.ResultsAdolescents’ and young adults’ mental distress increased sharply...
PLOS ONE, 2021
The aim of this article is to provide a detailed description of the Youth and Mental Health Study (YAMHS),a population-based, representative (cluster sampling), prospective cohort study that was conducted to investigate risk and resilience factors for mental health conditions, specifically depressive symptoms and disorders, from adolescence to adulthood. The baseline data were collected in 1998 (T1) in two counties in central Norway from 2464 adolescents (response rate 88.3%, mean age 13.7 years). The first follow-up was conducted in 1999 (T2) (n = 2432, response rate of 87.1%, mean age 14.9 years). A subgroup of individuals was assessed at T2 (n = 345) with clinical interviews, and this subgroup was reassessed in 2005 (T3) (n = 265, 70.1%, 20 years). The last follow-up (of participants assessed at T1 and T2) was conducted in 2012 (T4) (n = 1266, 51.9%, 27.2 years). Demographics, depressive symptoms, general psychopathology, suicidal ideation and attempts and psychological and somat...
Trends in adolescent mental health problems and the role of lifestyle factors
European Journal of Public Health
Background Adolescent mental health problems are on the rise globally, including in Sweden. One indicator is an increase in psychosomatic symptoms (PSS) over time. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity (PA), diet, smoking, and alcohol consumption may influence the trends in PSS. However, we found limited research on such associations. Methods This study is based on data collected every four years from nationally representative samples of 15-year-old boys and girls in Sweden (N = 9,196, 50.5% girls), as part of the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. PSS was measured using a scale developed from the HBSC symptom checklist. We analyzed the trends in PSS from 2002 to 2018 and fitted models to investigate the associations between the trends and lifestyle factors. We included interaction terms between time and each lifestyle factor and fitted separate models for the high and low socioeconomic status (SES) groups. Results In general, the mean scores for PSS increas...
BMJ Open, 2021
Purpose This cohort profile describes the Stress, development and mental health study (TAM), which is a cohort study investigating risk and protective factors as well as longitudinal associations regarding mental health and well-being from adolescence to midlife. This interdisciplinary cohort study operates, for example, in the fields of public health, social medicine, psychiatry and the life course perspective. Participants In 1981 (n=2242, 98.0% of the target population), 1982 (n=2191, 95.6%) and 1983 (n=2194, 96.7%) during school classes, surveys were conducted to all Finnish-speaking pupils (mostly born 1967) in the Tampere region in Finland. Participants of the school study at age 16 in 1983 (n=2194) comprised the base population for the longitudinal data and were followedup using postal questionnaires in the years 1989, 1999, 2009 and 2019 at ages 22 (n=1656, 75.5% of the age 16 participants), 32 (n=1471, 67.0%), 42 (n=1334, 60.8%) and 52 (n=1160, 52.9%). Findings to date The self-reported questionnaires include information on physical and mental health (eg, depression and mood disorders, anxiety disorders), health behaviour and substance misuse (eg, alcohol, tobacco and exercise), socioeconomic conditions, psychosocial resources (eg, self-esteem), social relationships and support, life events, etc. The numerous studies published to date have examined mental health and various factors from several perspectives such as risk and protective factors, individual developmental paths (eg, trajectories) and pathway models (mediation and moderation). Future plans Current and future research areas include, for example, longitudinal associations between mental health (eg, depressive symptoms, self-esteem) and (1) substance use (alcohol and tobacco), (2) family transitions (eg, parenthood, relationship status) and (3) retirement. Next follow-up is planned to be conducted at the latest at age 62 in 2029. Before that it is possible to link the data with cause-of-death register. ► This cohort covers almost completely one age cohort of one city at baseline and has a long follow-up time covering several life phases from adolescence to midlife in a 36-year follow-up. ► These data have been collected using a holistic perspective and it includes information on physical and mental health, health behaviours, socioeconomic conditions, psychosocial resources, social relationships and support, life events, etc. ► The response rates at follow-ups (52.9%-75.5%) are reasonably good compared with postal surveys in general and 89% of the participants have participated in at least one follow-up. ► The limitations of the cohort include rather long gaps between the follow-ups (6-10 years) and the data confining nearly only to self-reported measures.
Socio-Demographic Domain of Mental Health: An Empirical Study of Adolescent Population
2014
ABSTRACT: There is abundance of data demonstrating the importance of mental health and well being to overall health, productivity and quality of life. Mental well-being, like physical health is a resource we need to promote and protect but there is growing concern that mental health of adolescent is declining. Among teenagers, rates of depression and anxiety have increased by 70 % in the past 25 years, particularly since the mid 1980’s. The changes are not the result of an increasing tendency to rate teenagers as problematic, but the result of real changes in behavior and experiences. Due to this there is a pressing need for robust studies of specific interventions. In this paper an attempt has been made to identify mental health of teenage population and to relate it with demographic correlates, as presumed to play a significant role. Method of Study
European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2018
Anxiety and depression are often co-occurring disorders, reflecting both homotypic and heterotypic continuity as possible developmental pathways. The present study aimed to examine homotypic and heterotypic continuities of anxiety and depression across 3 years in adolescence and young adulthood. Participants included patients presenting to psychiatric care with diagnoses of anxiety and/or depressive disorders aged 13-18 at T1 (N = 717, 44% initial participation rate) and aged 16-21 at T2 (N = 549, 80% follow-up participation rate). McNemar's mid-p test and ordinal proportional odds logistic regression analyses were used to assess changes in prevalence within and across diagnostic categories, respectively. More adolescents had an anxiety disorder (+ 11%), whereas fewer had a depressive disorder (- 11%), at T2 compared to T1. Of adolescents with anxiety and/or depression at T1, only 25% recovered or were non-symptomatic 3 years after referral to a psychiatric clinic. Homotypic con...