Numerical Study of a Small Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine Aerodynamics Operating at Low Wind Speed (original) (raw)
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Aerodynamic Analysis of a small horizontal axis wind turbine using CFD
Wind energy is a clean source of energy that is renewable and harnessing the green wind energy is one of the key factors for sustainable growth and development of a nation. Wind energy can be harnessed through wind turbines. The present study deals with the computational analysis of a scaled model of 3 kW small horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) using CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). The wind turbine rotor configuration has been obtained using BEM (Blade Element Momentum) theory. A three-dimensional computational model of the rotor system was created and CFD simulations have been carried out using commercial CFD code FLUENT. The analysis has been carried out at various wind speeds in the range of 3 m/s to 9 m/s to study the variation of torque, normal force and power with wind speed. The analysis for a range of tip speed ratios (at constant flow velocity) also has been carried out. The flow field characteristics around different sections of the blade were studied.
FLUID DYNAMICS SIMULATION OF A THREE– BLADED HORIZONTAL AXISWIND TURBINE
IAEME PUBLICATION, 2024
In this study, we present a comprehensive analysis utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation techniques to investigate the aerodynamic performance of a three-bladed Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). The aim of this research is to gain insights into the complex flow phenomena and efficiency characteristics associated with the turbine's operation. With the increasing global demand for renewable energy sources, wind turbines have gained prominence as a sustainable solution for electricity generation. The aerodynamic efficiency of the turbine blades plays a crucial role in maximizing energy extraction from the wind flow. A detailed 3D geometry of the HAWT, including therotor blades, nacelle, and tower, is developed and meshed appropriately for an accurate representation of flow. Through systematic simulations, the velocity field, pressure distribution, and turbulence patterns around the wind turbine blades are visualized and analyzed. This study underscores the significance of employing CFD simulations as a valuable tool for evaluating wind turbine performance, thus paving the way for advancements in renewable energy technology through improved turbine design and enhanced energy output.
THE AERODYNAMICS DESIGN OF HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE BLADE USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC
This paper is aimed perform aerodynamic simulations around HAWT blades and design blades, small wind turbine produce 2kw of electricity. In this research using Gambit software for Design and ANSYS fluent for simulation to develop the system dynamic modeling. The data in the wind speed model can be obtained from experiment of wind applications in Libya support and implement this technology, to improve services in rural villages in Libya. The blade is made up of single airfoil. The chord length is variable throughout the blade. Chose NACA 4412 because life coefficient is high. Previous simulation kinds of airfoils ( NACA 4412, NACA 4415, NACA 63-006, NACA 24112, NACA 63-215 and NACA 1410.). Also lift and drag coefficient ratio (CL/CD) for NACA 4412 airfoil higher than NACA 4415 airfoil. So NACA 4412 good performance. In this study 2D airfoil (NACA 4412) CFD models is presented by ANSYS-FLUENT software, using the k-epsilon turbulent viscosity in this simulation, the lift, drag and moment coefficients were calculated for airfoil NACA 4412 at various angles of attack (0,5,10,15,20). Laminar to Turbulent flow structures near and far fields of the rotor region are characterized for average the wind speed of 5m/s and the rotor speed of 72 RPM. Meshing volume is done by ICEM software, the number of elements in the mesh used for simulations is (398436). The torque generated by the turbine is (30.3084 N.m) and the power generation of the turbine is 2kw. Keywords: horizontal axis wind turbine, Design blades, small wind turbine produce 2kw of electricity and simulation.
In this work we find out suitable settings with which 2D analysis of DarrieusVAWT (Vertical Axis Wind Turbine)can be performed in ANSYS Fluent for acceptable results also this work provides optimum Tip-Speed Ratio for performance optimization. Aerofoil shapes like NACA-0021 & S-1046 were selected for this study. Analysis through various CFD softwares is relatively economical and less time consuming, but results of such software's are greatly influenced by the input parameters like Velocity, Viscosity, Turbulence at input, boundary conditions, etc; also the mathematical models incorporated in these study. Due to input conditions the flow comes out to be fairly turbulent encouraging us to consider Turbulence model widely used in such type of studies, they are k-ε, k-ω & SST (Shear Stress Transport). The outcomes of these three models were compared for both aero-foil profiles focusing on areas like near blades, in rotor domains, in fluid domains, etc. SST model comes out as best among them in terms of predicting variations in fluid and near wall domains. This study will help future VAWT researchers to set fluent solver for quick and acceptable result. Analysis on 2D aerofoil was performed with these settings and compared with experimental results from literatures to check the orientation of this study.Parametricoptimizations of VAWT under different TSR ratio are done.
The computational fluid dynamics performance analysis of horizontal axis wind turbine
International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS), 2019
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were performed in the present study using ANSYS Fluent 18.0, a commercially available CFD package, to characterize the behaviour of the new HAWT. Static three-dimensional CFD simulations were conducted. The static torque characteristics of the turbine and the simplicity of design highlight its suitability for the GE 1.5xle turbine. The major factor for generating the power through the HAWT is the velocity of air and the position of the blade angle in the HAWT blade assembly. The paper presents the effect of The blade is 43.2 m length and starts with a cylindrical shape at the root then transitions to the airfoils S818, S825 and S826 for the root, body and tip respectively. This blade also has pitch to vary as a function of radius, giving it a twist and the pitch angle at the blade tip is 4 degrees. This blade was created to be similar in size to a GE 1.5xle turbine by Cornell University. In addition, note that to represent the blade being connected to a hub, the blade root is offset from the axis of rotation by 1 meter. The hub is not included in our model. The experimental analysis of GE 1.5xle turbine, so that possible the result of CFD analysis can be compared with theoretical calculations. CFD workbench of ANSYS is used to carry out the virtue simulation and testing. The software generated test results are validated through the experimental readings. Through this obtainable result will be in the means of maximum constant power generation from HAWT.
2012
In order to economically gain the maximum energy from the wind turbine, the performance of the blade profile must be obtained. In this paper, the results of aerodynamic simulations of the steady low-speed flow past two-dimensional S-series wind-turbine-blade profiles, developed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), are presented. The aerodynamic simulations were performed using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method based on the finite-volume approach. The governing equations used in the simulations are the Reynolds-Averaged-Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. The wind conditions during the simulations were developed from the wind speeds over different sites in Egypt. The lift and drag forces are the most important parameters in studying the wind-turbine performance. Therefore, an attempt to study the lift and drag forces on the wind turbine blades at various sections is presented. The maximum sliding ratio (lift/drag ratio) is desired in order to gain the maximum power from the wind turbine. The performance of different blade profiles at different wind speeds was investigated and the optimum blade profile for each wind speed is determined based on the maximum sliding ratio. Moreover, the optimum Angle Of Attack (AOA) for each blade profile is determined at the different wind speeds. The numerical results are benchmarked against wind tunnel measurements. The comparisons show that the CFD code used in this study can accurately predict the wind-turbine blades aerodynamic loads.
Article 3D CFD Analysis of a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
2016
To analyze the complex and unsteady aerodynamic flow associated with wind turbine functioning, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is an attractive and powerful method. In this work, the influence of different numerical aspects on the accuracy of simulating a rotating wind turbine is studied. In particular, the effects of mesh size and structure, time step and rotational velocity have been taken into account for simulation of different wind turbine geometries. The applicative goal of this study is the comparison of the performance between a straight blade vertical axis wind turbine and a helical blade one. Analyses are carried out through the use of computational fluid dynamic ANSYS R Fluent R software, solving the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations. At first, two-dimensional simulations are used in a preliminary setup of the numerical procedure and to compute approximated performance parameters, namely the torque, power, lift and drag coefficients. Then, three-dimensional simulations are carried out with the aim of an accurate determination of the differences in the complex aerodynamic flow associated with the straight and the helical blade turbines. Static and dynamic results are then reported for different values of rotational speed.
Authorea
Wind energy is one of the clean, sustainable types of energy that can deal with the current worldwide non-renewable energy source emergency. Even though it adds to 2.5% of the worldwide power request, with depletion of petroleum derivative sources, extraction of wind energy must reach to a more prominent degree to meet the energy emergency and issue of contamination. Now, to improve the aerodynamic response of a wind turbine, the blade pitch control is an effective method, usually applied to large-scale wind turbines. The present work incorporates an investigation of the impact of varied pitch angles on the performance parameters of a horizontal axis wind turbine. CFD code Fluent has been used to perform the simulations. A total of eight pitch angles are considered in this investigation. In addition to it, a numerical investigation of S809 airfoil has been performed and validated by a series of benchmark data. The SST k-w turbulence model has been utilized. The steady-state simulation is performed around a HAWT blade using multiple reference frame. It is seen that torque increases with an increase in wind velocity and decreases with an increase in pitch angle. The optimum pitch angle is obtained for maximum power generation.
Aerodynamic Design and Blade Angle Analysis of a Small Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine
The wind turbine blades are the main part of the rotor. Extraction of energy from wind depends on the design of the blade. In this paper, a design method based on Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is explained for small horizontal– axis wind turbine model (HAWT) blades. The method was used to optimize the chord and twist distributions of the wind turbine blades to enhance the aerodynamic performance of the wind turbine and consequently, increasing the generated power. A Fortran program was developed to use (BEM) in designing a model of Horizontal–Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT). NACA 4412 airfoil was selected for the design of the wind turbine blade. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of HAWT blade cross section was carried out at various blade angles with the help of ANSYS Fluent. Present results are compared with other published results. Power generated from wind turbine increases with increasing blade angle due to the increase in air– velocity impact on the wind turbine blade. For blade angle change from 20° to 60°, the turbine power from wind has a small change and reaches the maximum when the blade angle equals to 90°. Thus, HAWT power depends on the blade profile and its orientation.
Aerodynamic analysis of 1.5MW horizontal wind turbine blade
Journal of emerging technologies and innovative research, 2019
The paper presents a detailed design andaerodynamic analysis of small power wind turbine blade, including airfoil selection, pitch angle of blade tip.The aerodynamic simulations were performed using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method based on the steady-state 1-way FSI (Fluid-Structure Interaction) analysis.The commercially available software FLUENT is employed for calculation of flow field using Navier-Stokes equation in conjunction with the k-omega shear stress transport (SST).The obtained results are verified using numerically calculated data with analytical data.