Policy Brief: COVID-19, A Global Health Concern Requiring Science-Based Solutions (original) (raw)

COVID-19, A Global Health Concern Requiring Science-Based Solutions

FutureEarth, 2020

The official name of the virus responsible for the outbreak is severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) according to the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), and the disease it causes is named coronavirus disease (COVID-19). WHO, under the International Health Regulations (IHR 2005), declared the emergence of COVID-19 a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020 and declared the outbreak a pandemic on 11 March 2020. WHO detailed a strategic response and preparedness plan 1 and produced a Research and Development Blueprint research agenda 2 to drive innovation in all aspects of outbreak control, from clinical case management to vaccine development, and developed a master plan for coordinating clinical trials that could lead to potential therapies for patients affected with the COVID-19 disease. Today, different countries and private laboratories are working to develop effective vaccines using state-of-the-art technology, and simultaneously assessing different treatments, including interferon and other pharmaceutical combinations being used to identify effective therapies. However, we are still trusting of reactive strategies to face this new threat for humanity but working in isolated silos.

COVID-19, A Global Health Concern Requiring Science-Based Solution

CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research - Zenodo, 2020

COVID-19: Towards Confronting an Unprecedented Pandemic

International Journal of Biological Innovations

, there are 896450 confirmed cases with 45526 deaths globally. 0 to 14 days is the average range of incubation period. Recent study from China Center for disease control (CDC) showed that most of the patients were asymptomatic in its early days of infection that leads to widespread of virus. Nosocomial transmission is another serious problem the world is facing with this public health crisis. Coronaviruses are known to cause respiratory and enteric disease in human and animals. These are round or oval and pleomorphic in shape. Limited information is present till now about COVID-19. It suggests that its infection ranges from previous coronavirus encounters. Here in this review we summarize all information present till date and also a brief comparison to SARS and MERS. This is to identify the gaps in knowledge to share resources to recover from COVID-19. It also includes pharmaceutical drugs that showed a negative impact on SARS-CoV-2 in in-vitro studies that can be used for its treatment till a suitable vaccine candidate is available. The most important task at this hour is to find a vaccine for the infection. Moreover, the research needs to be conducted for finding measures to face this kind of challenges in future.

COVID-19 Pandemic: the crisis and the longer-term perspectives

Journal of Cardiology & Current Research, 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic is exponentially growing. It is the defining global health crisis of our time and the greatest challenge since World War Two. Countries are racing to slow the spread of the virus by testing and treating patients, carrying out contact tracing, limiting travel, quarantining citizens, and cancelling large gatherings such as sporting events, concerts, and schools. The pandemic is moving like a wave. Some countries have effectively contained the pandemic, while others have been slow and the consequences of delay in responding to the challenge are obvious. Every day, people are losing jobs and income, with no way of knowing when normality will return. Nations need to act immediately to prepare, respond, and recover. Nations must focus on the procurement and supply of essential health products, strengthening crisis management and response, and addressing critical social and economic impacts. Researchers are working tirelessly to discover new life-saving medical innovations. The strategy is to develop diagnostic tools to quickly and effectively detect the disease in the first place, alleviating symptoms so that people who have disease experience milder symptoms, and lowering the overall mortality rate. One of the most promising leads on a COVID-19 vaccine is mRNA-1273. This vaccine, is being developed with extreme urgency, skipping straight into human trials before it was even tested in animals. The aftermath is likely to be something we have never witnessed. A new social order will emerge, a new structure of the society, a paradigm shift in human relationships and above all a new economic adjustment.

COVID-19 Pandemic Updates and Perspectives. Need for an Integrated and Equitable Approach

Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 2021

One year after the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) and despite the implementation of mandatory physical barriers and social distancing, humanity remains challenged by a long-lasting and devastating public health crisis. Non-pharmacological interventions (NPI) are efficient mitigation strategies. The success of these intense NPI is dependent on the approval and commitment of the population. The launch of a mass vaccination program in many countries in late December 2020 with mRNA vaccines, adenovirus-based vaccines, and inactivated virus vaccines has generated hope for the end of the pandemic. Current issues: The continuous appearance of new pathogenic viral strains and the ability of vaccines to prevent infection and transmission raise important concerns as we try to achieve community immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. The need of a second and even third generation of vaccines and the possibility of potentially harmful side-effe...

COVID-19: The catastrophe of our time

Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2020

ABSTRACT: The most discussed topic in today’s world is COVID-19, an acute respiratory disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of its contagious transmission pattern, and morbimortality. The virus was originated by bats and in December 2019, first spread to humans by unknown intermediate species in Wuhan, China. The dramatic acceleration of the occurrence and death toll of COVID-19 with no potential medicine and vaccine are enough to explain its severity. This review summarizes multidisciplinary aspects of COVID-19, including origin, epidemiology, symptoms, transmission, pathogenicity, impact on world economy and advances in the use of modern diagnostic procedures and methods. Further, we analyzed extensively for various therapeutic strategies, potential drug options with prospective vaccine candidates and challenges along the way. All data were accumulated through extensive study of recent peer-reviewed publications and authentic reports until June 7, 2020. Collectively, this review would help to shed light on different dimensions of this ongoing pandemic.

COVID-19 Pandemic: A Concise Appraisal of the Current Status

International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health

Covid-19 is caused by the Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2) which is an enveloped RNA virus causing diseases in both humans and animals. This research involved a systematic review with the aid of computerised literature search from PubMed, Scopus, Medline, ScienceDirect, Embase and Google Scholar and other recently published editorials. Specific words/phrases used for the search included COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccines development, SARS-CoV-2 and COVAX.The rapid velocity by which the virus spreads, based on its unexpectedly high infectivity, requires urgent action towards both the development of a vaccine and effective viral inhibitors to decrease the virulence or eliminate symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused marked effect on global health and the economy worldwide being that it is shrouded in numerous uncertainties as scientist worldwide are yet to fully understand the virus. Although significant progress have been recorded by ...

COVID-19 Vaccination: The Mainspring of Challenges and the Seed of Remonstrance

Vaccines, 2021

As of March 2020, the time when the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) became a pandemic, our existence has been threatened and the lives of millions have been claimed. With this ongoing global issue, vaccines are considered of paramount importance in curtailing the outbreak and probably a prime gamble to bring us back to ‘ordinary life’. To date, more than 200 vaccine candidates have been produced, many of which were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for emergency use, with the research and discovery phase of their production process passed over. Capering such a chief practice in COVID-19 vaccine development, and manufacturing vaccines at an unprecedented speed brought many challenges into play and raised COVID-19 vaccine remonstrance. In this review, we highlight relevant challenges to global COVID-19 vaccine development, dissemination, and deployment, particularly at the level of large-sc...

Comprehensive Highlights of the Universal Efforts towards the Development of COVID-19 Vaccine

Vaccines

The world has taken proactive measures to combat the pandemic since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, which was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). These measures range from increasing the production of personal protective equipment (PPE) and highlighting the value of social distancing to the emergency use authorization (EUA) of therapeutic drugs or antibodies and their appropriate use; nonetheless, the disease is still spreading quickly and is ruining people’s social lives, the economy, and public health. As a result, effective vaccines are critical for bringing the pandemic to an end and restoring normalcy in society. Several potential COVID-19 vaccines are now being researched, developed, tested, and reviewed. Since the end of June 2022, several vaccines have been provisionally approved, whereas others are about to be approved. In the upcoming years, a large number of new medications that are presently undergoing clinical testin...

From epidemic to pandemic covid-19 world crisis!

The journal of dental panacea, 2021

There is a new public health crises threatening the world with the emergence and spread of 2019 novel corona virus (2019-nCoV) The virus originated in bats and was transmitted to humans through yet unknown intermediary animals in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019.It caused a total of 80,868 confirmed cases and 3101 deaths in Chinese mainland until March 8, 2020. This novel virus spread mainly through respiratory droplets and close contact. According to the current pandemic situation the worldwide report of death due to COVID-19 is 165,877,654, cases confirmed and 3,445,463 death and 146,583,420 recovered. The symptoms are usually fever, cough, sore throat, breathlessness, fatigue, malaise among others. The disease is mild in most people; in some, usually the elderly and those with comorbidities, it may progress to pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi organ dysfunction. As COVID-19 has triggered enormous human casualties and serious economic loss posing global threat, an understanding of the ongoing situation and the development of strategies to contain the virus's spread are urgently needed. Currently, various diagnostic kits to test for COVID-19 are available and several repurposing therapeutics for COVID-19 have shown to be clinically effective. In addition, global institutions and companies have begun to develop vaccines for the prevention of COVID-19. Here, we review the current status of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and vaccine development for COVID-19.

Policy Brief: COVID-19, A Global Health Concern Requiring Science-Based Solutions (original) (raw)

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