The effects of gibberellic acid on Allium cepa root tip meristematic cells (original) (raw)
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Gibberellins accumulate in the elongating endodermal cells of Arabidopsis root
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2013
Plant hormones are small-molecule signaling compounds that are collectively involved in all aspects of plant growth and development. Unlike animals, plants actively regulate the spatial distribution of several of their hormones. For example, auxin transport results in the formation of auxin maxima that have a key role in developmental patterning. However, the spatial distribution of the other plant hormones, including gibberellic acid (GA), is largely unknown. To address this, we generated two bioactive fluorescent GA compounds and studied their distribution in Arabidopsis thaliana roots. The labeled GAs specifically accumulated in the endodermal cells of the root elongation zone. Pharmacological studies, along with examination of mutants affected in endodermal specification, indicate that GA accumulation is an active and highly regulated process. Our results strongly suggest the presence of an active GA transport mechanism that would represent an additional level of GA regulation. root development | ethylene | root growth | fluorescent labeling | hormone labeling A daptive growth of plants is regulated by small-molecule regulators called plant hormones (1). Plants regulate hormone response pathways at multiple levels including hormone biosynthesis, metabolism, perception, and signaling. In the case of auxin, elegant studies have shown that the regulation of auxin distribution through the action of specific transporters also has a central role in plant development (2, 3). The recent isolation of transporters for other hormones (4-6) suggests that the spatial distribution of these compounds may also be regulated.
Influence of Gibberellic Acid on Fruit Crops: A Review
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
Gibberellic acid is a tetracyclic di-terpenoid molecule that acts as a plant hormone by promoting the growth and development of plants. Gibberellins, one of the longest-known groups of plant hormones, control several developmental and signaling processes, such as stem lengthening, germination, dormancy, flowering and floral development, as well as the senescence of leaves and fruits. Gibberellins can alter physiological and developmental processes, including plant vegetative growth, sex expression, yield, and yield components in several crops, when applied foliar. Gibberellin, therefore has significant economic and industrial significance. Their exogenous use aids in enhancing the several commercially significant and marketable traits of flowering plants and has several benefits, like being environmentally friendly and taking less time to treat the plant. Growth regulators like GA3 have finally impacted on flowering crops' physiological processes, which in turn has affected grow...
Effects of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) on Breaking Dormancy In Garlic (Allium Sativum L.)
Small
An experiment was carried out with Gibberellic Acid (GA 3) to evaluate its effects on the sprouting and early growth behavior of a local and an exotic cultivar of garlic. The aim of the experiment was to investigate possible ways to overcome the problem of dormancy in garlic. The local cultivar exhibited marked influence of GA 3 on sprouting of cloves, number of leaves /plantlet, plantlet height, number of roots /plantlet, root length and percentage of normal plantlets. The 250 ppm concentration of GA 3 gave the maximum sprouting (31.67%) whereas the 500 ppm concentration produced the minimum sprouting (10.00%). The exotic cultivar completely failed to sprout. The results revealed that application of GA 3 has the potentiality to break dormancy and accelerates the sprouting in the local cultivar of garlic.
Zeitschrift für Pflanzenphysiologie, 1983
A survey was made of the effects of applying 7 ILg of GA3 to the first leaf of 39 spring cultivars of barley. The rate of apical development and effects on lengths of the leaf laminas and sheaths were measured and the study confirmed that considerable variation exists between both cultivars and tissues in their response to GA3 treatment which is independent of the 2 or 6 row and erectum or nutans characters. Both vegetative and apical growth were affected by GA3 treatment and no cultivar was found to be entirely insensitive in either respect. The implications of these results for understanding of the role of gibberellins in spike development are discussed.
Journal of the American Pharmaceutical Association (Scientific ed.), 2006
A Studv of the Influence of Gibberellic Acid on the Morphology, Histology, and Biosynthesis of the Glycosides of First-Year's Growth of Digitalis pzlrpurea L. * By MAHMOUD D. SAYEDt and JACK L. BEAL Digitalis plants were treated two times weekly by spraying with gibberellic acid solution, representing 100 p. p. m., for about sixty days. Harvesting was done at approximately weekly intervals. A morphological and histological study of the treated plants was made. In addition, the following quantitative determinations were made: total glycosides, total sugar, digitoxose sugar, crude fiber, and chlorophyll. A marked decrease in surface area and dry weight was observed in the plants treated with gibberellic acid. Some of the treated plants developed a definite elongated stem but did not flower. An increase in total glycosides and total sugars was observed in the treated plants, but there was no significant difference in digitoxose content. An increase in chlorophyll was observed in the treated plants. There was an initial increase in crude fiber content in the treated plants; however, at maturity both the treated and untreated plants showed almost the same content. URING the past thirty years a large number of Japanese botanists have been working on growth substances which were first shown to be produced by a rice disease fungus, Gibberella Fujikuroi (1). They were isolated and given the name Gibberellins, after the fungus, by a group at the University of Tokyo, notably Yabuta and Sumiki, (2). About 1952, their work came to the attention, apparently independently, of a group at the Imperial Chemical Industries in Britain and another group at the United States Department
Gibberellic Acid Enhancement of DNA Turnover in Barley Aleurone Cells
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, 1977
When imbibed, deembryonated halfseeds from barley (gordeum vulgare L., var. Himalaya) are incubated in buffer, the DNA content of the aleurone layer increases 25 to 40% over a 24-hour period. In contrast, the DNA of isolated aleurone layers declines by 20% over the same time period. Gibberellic acid (GA) causes a reduction in DNA levels in both halfseed aleurone layers and isolated aleurone layers. GA also increases the specific radioactivity of [3Hithymidine-labeled halfseed aleurone www.plantphysiol.org on July 30, 2016 -Published by www.plantphysiol.org Downloaded from
Effect of Gibberellic acid and benzyl adenine on ornamental plants: A review
The Pharma Innovation, 2023
Plant growth regulators are chemicals known to control and alter the physiological functions of plants. They may be synthetic or natural. The majority of the time, plant hormones and phytohormones that plants release in extremely low concentrations are regarded as natural growth regulators. When applied to various plant parts, plant growth regulators quickly move through plant tissues and are readily absorbed by plants. Additionally, a single PGR has the power to affect a variety of plant processes, but they must be handled properly to increase their efficacy in improving various plant growth and developmental processes, plant quality parameters, yield and implementing their environmentally safe use. Plant growth regulators include Auxins, gibberellins, Cytokinin, ethylene, abscisic acid. In the present review we will discuss the effect of two major plant growth regulators i.e., gibberellic acid and benzyl adenine on various ornamental crops.
2021
Background: The time of gibberellic acid application in the non-bearing year (OFF year) makes the different responses on seedless barberry plants in it (OFF year) and next year (ON year). Objective: The present research was conducted to evaluate the effects of gibberellin sprays applied at different times on barberry plants. Methods: The experiment was performed in three consecutive years (2016 to 2018) in Amirabad, Birjand, Iran. The treatments included: 1) Gibberellic acid (GA3 at 200 ppm), and 2) control (0 ppm), applied six times as foliar spraying on non-bearing trees, between April and September. The foliar sprays and measuring of vegetative traits were done on non-bearing trees in 2016 and 2017. Reproductive traits evaluated on bearing trees in 2017 and 2018. Results: Leaf number, width and length and internode length of current barberry shoots increased significantly. GA3 application significantly decreased by flower and fruit number, TSS/TA and anthocyanin content of fruit ...