Composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF): a better indicator of overall burden of undernutrition among primary school children (original) (raw)
Related papers
International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
Background: Malnutrition among under-five children is an important public health problem in developing countries, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in India, hence the present study was conducted to find out the nutritional status of under-five children and to elicit the factors associated with it.Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 142 under-five children during May to June 2017 in the areas under the jurisdiction of Nasibpur Primary Health Centre, Singur, West Bengal, India. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, feeding habits and other biological factors were obtained from structured questionnaire, followed by anthropometric measurement. Assessment of nutritional status of the children was done with the help of Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF). Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were performed to analyse the data by using SPSS version 16.0.Results: The mean (standard deviation) age of the sample was 2...
Anthropological Review, 2018
AbstrAct: Being a developing nation, rural India is still facing a serious health problem in form of undernutrition particularly among young children. To optimize this problem, the Central Government has been operating a nationwide nutritional intervention programme in the form of Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) scheme. Unfortunately, it has failed to achieve the desired goal during last four decades. Therefore the present study was designed to measure the seriousness and severity of overall undernutrition using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) among the rural Bengalee preschool children of Sagar Block, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal, India. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 656 preschool children (326 boys and 330 girls) aged 3 to 5 years. Height (cm) and weight (kg) measurements were taken according to standard procedure, age and sex specific 2 z-scores values of height-forage , weight-for-height and weight-forage were used to assess stunting, wasting and underweight, respectively, as per the World Health Organization Guidelines. CIAF was also computed as per standard methodology to assess the degree of undernutrition among the studied children. The overall age and sex combined prevalence of stunting, wasting, underweight and CIAF was 26.2%, 35.4%, 51.1% and 61.3%, respectively. CIAF showed a higher prevalence of undernutrition (61.28%) in comparison to other three indicators i.e., stunting, wasting and underweight. We conclude that the nutritional status of the subjects was not satisfactory. It was also established that the CIAF is a better indicator of nutritional status than traditional measures of stunting, wasting and underweight, because it determines overall (total) anthropometric failure. Assessment of nutritional status by composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF): a study among preschool children of Sagar Block, South 24 Parganas District, West Bengal, India
Indian Journal of Public Health, 2012
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the prevalence of composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) among 117 slum dwelling under-five children in Bankura town, West Bengal and its relation with some common socioeconomic factors. Among study population, the prevalence of underweight was 41.6%, whereas CIAF was 80.3%. CIAF gave a near complete estimation of undernutrition unlike underweight. Children who were unimmunized, with more number of siblings, living in a nuclear family, or with illiterate mothers were more likely to be undernourished.
North Bengal Anthropologist, 2021
Purpose: Nutritional status of children is of paramount interest of all health surveys world-wide. Anthropometry is an important parameter for assessing nutritional status of children of growing age. Severe and acute undernutrition can be easily assessed using anthropometry. To assess the nutritional status using Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) among 2-5 years of “Angawadi” children of Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 502 children (268 boys and 234 girls) aged 2-5 years from 30 anganwadi centers in Bilaspur District, Chhattisgarh. Data were collected after obtaining verbal consent from the parents of children prior to commencement of measurement. The statistically significant value was considered at p< 0.05. Results: The result shows that the overall 42.3% of the children (boys: 45.9%; girls: 41.5%) reported no anthropometric failure (Group A). In total 56.17% showed anthropometric failure (Group B-Y). Similarly, more girls (58.5 %) than boys (54.1 %) were undernourished. The sex combined mean difference in weight and height was observed statistically significant at (p< 0.001) level. Conclusion: The result shows that the children under study are in critical situation.
MAN, ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIETY, 2022
Background: Assessment of the overall nutritional status among children by CIAF is an important technique. For achieving the goal of sustainable development, CIAF stands concrete evidence of the real picture of undernutrition. Objectives: The objective of the present study is to determine the total anthropometric failure among Juang children and adolescents. Material and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out among 237 (106 male and 131 female) Juang children and adolescents aged 1 to 17 years. Results: The prevalence of Underweight, Stunting and Underweight children are 5.91%, 6.33% and 4.22% respectively; and other combined anthropometric failures of Stunting and Underweight; Wasting and Underweight; and Underweight, Stunting and Wasting are 2.95%, 16.46% and 16.03% respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, the overall anthropometric failure is a very serious condition. Immediate intervention programmes based on food, and correct health awareness among parents may help to achieve the SDG goals for zero hunger.
International Journal of Medical Science and Public Health, 2015
development during these formative years. In the long run, malnutrition decreases the educational achievement, labor productivity, and economic growth of a country. The various risk factors identified for undernutrition are related to the child, mother, and largely their environment. Adequate nutrition during infancy and childhood is fundamental to a child's full developmental potential [1] whereas poor quality of infant and young child feeding practices are the major cause of malnutrition among the under-5 children of any society. [2] As per UNICEF, under-5 mortality rate is the best single indicator of social development and well-being rather than gross national product per capita, as it reflects income, nutrition, health education, and basic education. [3] A study of childhood mortality in the Americas showed that no less than Background: In India, undernutrition remains a major public health problem despite several national programs targeting vulnerable groups, especially children. Objectives: To assess the nutritional status and morbidity profile of under-5 children and to elicit the explanatory and contextual factors of this malady. Materials and Methods: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among under-5 children in a slum area of Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Anthropometric measurements were made following standard operative procedures and recall period of morbidity profile of last 2 weeks was recorded. Results: Of total 100 under-5 children assessed, the mean (standard deviation) of the sample was 23.52 (15.65) months. About 55% children were found to have anthropometric failure using composite index of anthropometric failure. However, with standard anthropometric indices such as weight for age, weight for height, height for age, and mid upper arm circumference prevalence of malnutrition were 42% (underweight), 30% (wasting), 28% (stunting), and 48% (undernutrition), respectively. About 48% children had some kind of morbidity of which acute respiratory infection accounted for 9%, diarrhea 11%, fever 9%, and skin infection 6%. Age [OR = 5.17 (2.09-12.76)], family type [
Indian Journal of Community Health
Background: SDG 2.2 aims to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030. Weight for age estimate misses out chronic and acute on chronic malnutrition. An aggregate indicator-the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) can help in addressing this concern. Aim & Objective: To assess the nutritional status of under five children using CIAF and compare it with other indices. Material & Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in a resettlement colony of Delhi, between June to July 2015. Anthropometric measurements were taken using standard operative procedures. Mothers of the study children were interviewed to obtain relevant information. Z scores were calculated using WHO-ANTHRO software. Nutritional status indicators were determined as per the World Health Organization 2006 child growth standards. Results: A total of 100 under-5 children were assessed. The prevalence of CIAF was 62% in our study. 35% of children were found to be underweight, 25% were wasted and 4...
Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) Among Under-Five Children in a Rural Area of West Bengal
2014
Background: Under-nutrition continues to be a major public health problem in India despite years of incessant preventive measures. Composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) provides the burden of under-nutrition as a single measure and helps in detection of children with multiple anthropometric failures. Research with multivariate modelling for various factors associated with CIAF is limited especially in rural West Bengal. Methods: This cross-sectional community based study was done in Singur block of West Bengal to determine the prevalence of under-nutrition among the under-five children and to find out the determinants of under-nutrition assessed by CIAF using multivariate analysis. WHO Z-score system and the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF) were used to estimate the magnitude of under-nutrition. Results: Out of 113 children, 37 (32.7%) were suffering from under-nutrition according to CIAF. Both underweight and wasting was present in 17.7% while stunting wa...
Human Biology Review, 2019
Aim: This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of undernutrition among Bengalee children of Purba Medinipur. Stunting, wasting and underweight were used to assess the prevalence of under-nutrition among children. However, these indices were not properly determined appropriate prevalence due to overlapping condition, but Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) is a single measure to assess the prevalence of under-nutrition which is better than other indices for the determination of undernutrition among children. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among school going Bengalee children of Desopran block and Haldia municipality of Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. Total no. of participants were 622 aged 6 to 10 years. Among them 307 and 315 were boys and girls, respectively. Age and sex specific nutritional status of the subjects was assessed using height-for-age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age as per NCHS guidelines and CIAF (Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure) was also computed as per standard methodology. Results: Boys were taller and heavier than girls. Significant age variations were noticed in anthropometric variables. Prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight were 21.0%, 31.0%, and 41.9%, respectively. Moreover, prevalence of CIAF was 55.3% among the studied children. Result also revealed that rate of CIAF was much higher than the other three conventional indicators. Conclusion: It can be concluded that undernutrition among the school going children was very high and might be treated as a serious health problem. Appropriate authorities should take immediate remedial measures to reduce the rate of undernutrition. Similar studies should also be conducted from other regions of West Bengal.