SCREENING AND VALIDATION OF KNOWN DNA MARKERS FOR BPH RESISTANCE IN GERMPLASM OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) (original) (raw)
Related papers
2019
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the world’s most important cereal crop, is the primary source of food and calories for about half of the human population. Finding association between molecular markers and agronomic traits provide an excellent tool for indirect selection of a trait of interest in the population. A total of 10 SSR markers were used for this study which are reported linked markers to nine BPH resistance genes viz., Bph2, Bph3, Bph6, Bph9, Bph10, Bph15, Bph18, Bph21 and Bph26 of which 5 primers were polymorphic. The association between trait and markers were calculated using single marker analysis (SMA) in Microsoft Excel program. The significant marker trait associations were indicated by a P-value (<0.05). We detected a total of 16 significant marker-trait association (P<0.05). All of the significant SSR loci were identified for the agronomic traits. The P-value ranges from 0.003 to 0.049.
Parental polymorphic survey for BPH resistant genes in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021
29 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were analyzed in 34 F3 progenies derived from the cross of CG Zn Rice I and IR64 rice cultivars to investigate the association with BPH resistance. Parental polymorphism survey was taken up between donor parent IR64 and recurrent parent CG Zn Rice I. The parent DNA was isolated to good purity using the chemical method of purification. The PCR reactions were carried out according to standard protocol for rice microsatellites. A total of 68 SSR markers spanning all the 12 chromosomes of rice genome were analyzed on the susceptible variety CG Zn Rice I and resistant variety IR64 for parental polymorphism. Out of 68 SSR markers, 29 were polymorphic showing overall 42.64% polymorphism. The maximum polymorphism of 100% was observed for chromosome 9 and minimum of 16.66% for chromosome 5. Markers RM5,
THE USE OF MOLECULAR MARKERS IN RESISTANCE BREEDING STUDIES SUNFLOWER
Molecular markers use commonly in recent years in plant breeding in addition to use of different breeding methods as well as to implement or accelerate of sunflower breeding programs for integrating biotechnology with traditional breeding specially to identify and to transfer resistant genes in resistance breeding. It calls marker-assisted selection (MAS) using genetic markers linked to the resistance and they are preferring highly because of providing the fast and accurate selection to accelerate of conventional breeding efforts. However, they should present high level of polymorphism, co-dominance in expression to distinguish heterozygotes from homozygotes, clear distinct allelic features to identify easily the different alleles, single copy and no pleiotropic effect, low cost or cost-efficient marker development and genotyping, easy assay/detection and automation, higher availability, etc. to use efficiently in sunflower breeding programs. Many molecular markers on determining resistant genes in some important diseases were determined in both cultural type sunflower and also wild sunflower sources then they were implemented and introgressed successfully in molecular studies and breeding programs. Different RAPD, SSR (microsatellite) RFLP, AFLP, CAPS, IFLP, NBS-LRR, TIR-NBS-LRR, STS, SCAR, TRAP, EST, etc. markers to have been determined until today to identify resistant genes in different sunflower diseases in many studies. For instance, Pl6 resistance gene to downy mildew from wild H. annuus at 42.9 cM in the inbred line HA335, Pl8 from H. argophyllus at 37.3 cM were determined in the inbred line RHA340. Similarly, The PlArg, Pl13 and Pl14 resistant genes were determined in localized on linkage group LG1 in different studies. The mapping resistance genes of downy mildew which is one of having the largest races among plant diseases was initiated MAS programs and also ameliorated the original resistance sources due to eliminated by recombination and selection by molecular markers in sunflower. In rust which damage more and effective in confectionery sunflower mainly, molecular markers linked and associated with rust resistance genes were first described for R1 race localized on LG8 found in RHA279 inbred line, Radv from RHA340, R4 from HAR3, R2 from MC29 located using SSR markers in LG9 described currently in sunflower genetic maps. In other study, 3 major QTLs in LG 4, 10 and 17 and the QTL were introgressed by backcrossing from Alternaria resistant sources utilizing MAS in sunflower. As results, MAS is so valuable breeding tool, but new molecular tools and technologies such as next-generation sequencing, high-throughput genotyping and genome wide selection will make MAS more based on the whole genome, rather than small parts with offering several advantages over genetic engineering to overcome barriers.
Breeding Science, 2009
We searched for blast resistance genes in an Indica-type rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar, Kasalath. The resistance gene was estimated based on the reaction patterns to standard differential blast isolates from Japan and Philippines against the monogenic lines as differential varieties targeting 24 kinds of resistance genes. Kasalath showed complete resistance only to a Japanese isolate, Hoku1, which was avirulent to genotypes containing the Piz allele genes and virulent to genotypes containing Pia and Pish. Kasalath was susceptible, or only moderately resistant, to the Philippine isolates. A QTL analysis for resistance to Hoku1 was performed in backcross inbred lines derived from crosses between Kasalath and a Japonica-type cultivar, Nipponbare (recurrent parent), harboring Pia and Pish. A resistance QTL with the Kasalath genotype was detected in the same region as Pia on chromosome 11. Association analysis in 50 chromosome segment substitution lines detected three associations, on chromosomes 6, 8 and 11; the association located in the same region as the QTL on chromosome 11 had a strong resistance effect. These reaction patterns indicated that Kasalath did not harbor Pia and that the QTL on chromosome 11 was the other allele of Pia or a novel resistance gene.
Euphytica, 2003
As a prerequisite to improving disease resistance and grain quality in Iranian rice cultivars, we determined the genetic relatedness of popular local cultivars and blast-resistance donor germplasm using fingerprints derived from simple sequence repeat (SSR) and plant defense gene markers. Fifty SSR markers and 28 defense candidate genes were used to assess the genetic diversity among popular rice cultivars from Iran and donors of blast resistance from breeding programs in Asia. Gene diversity estimate of the 16 core breeding lines was 0.440 ± 0.028 based on SSR markers. Genetic relationships among the cultivars were determined by cluster analysis using SSR and candidate gene datasets. DNA fingerprints derived from SSR and defense gene markers gave similar groupings of cultivars consistent with their genetic background: a) Iranian local varieties, b) improved varieties in Iran plus donor indica germplasm from Asia, and c) japonica germplasm. Within-group similarities for the traditional and improved cultivars were greater than 80% and 75%, respectively. The traditional and improved cultivars showed differential reaction to blast pathogen isolates; all traditional varieties were susceptible to blast pathogen isolates in Iran but resistant to isolates in the Philippines, whereas the improved varieties showed opposite reaction to pathogen isolates in Iran and the Philippines. Both molecular and phenotypic data suggest a narrow genetic basis in local and improved cultivars in Iran and the need for including more diversity for the breeding program. The high degree of polymorphism observed between local cultivars and donors of blast resistance provide the needed information to follow the transmission of resistance alleles from the donors in advancing breeding lines.
Genetics and Molecular Research, 2011
Among 120 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, 23 polymorphic markers were used to identify the segregation ratio in 320 individuals of an F 2 rice population derived from Pongsu Seribu 2, a resistant variety, and Mahsuri, a susceptible rice cultivar. For phenotypic study, the most virulent blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) pathotype, P7.2, was used in screening of F 2 population in order to understand the inheritance of blast resistance as well as linkage with SSR markers. Only 11 markers showed a good fit to the expected segregation ratio (1:2:1) for the single gene model (d.f. = 1.0, P < 0.05) in chi-square (χ 2) analyses. In the phenotypic data analysis, the F 2 population segregated in a 3:1 (R:S) ratio for resistant and susceptible plants, respectively. Therefore, resistance to blast pathotype P7.2 in Pongsu Seribu 2 is most likely controlled by a single nuclear gene. The plants from F 2 lines that showed resistance to blast pathotype P7.2 were linked to six alleles ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 10 (3): 1345-1355 (2011) S. Ashkani et al. of SSR markers, RM168 (116 bp), RM8225 (221 bp), RM1233 (175 bp), RM6836 (240 bp), RM5961 (129 bp), and RM413 (79 bp). These diagnostic markers could be used in marker assisted selection programs to develop a durable blast resistant variety.
Indonesian Journal of Agricultural Science
Resistance traits to brown planthopper on rice varieties are controlled by dominant and recessive genes called Bph/bph. Bph17 is one of dominant genes that control rice resistance to brown planthopper. Marker of Bph17 allele can be used as a tool of marker assisted selection (MAS) in breeding activity. Association of Bph17 allele and resistance to brown planthopper in Indonesian landraces and new-improved varieties of rice is not clearly known. The study aimed to determine the association of Bph17 allele in landraces and new-improved varieties of rice resistant to brown planthopper. Twenty-one rice genotypes were used in the study, consisting of 13 landraces, 5 improved varieties, 3 popular varieties and a check variety Rathu Heenati. Two simple sequence repeat markers linked to Bph17 allele were used, i.e. RM8213 and RM5953. The results showed that association of Bph17 allele in landraces and new-improved varieties of rice resistant to brown planthopper resistance was very low (r =-0.019 and-0.023, respectively). The presence of Bph17 allele did not constantly express resistance to brown planthopper. The study suggests that Bph17 allele cannot be used as a tool of MAS for evaluating resistance of landraces and new-improved varieties of rice to brown planthopper. Further research is needed to obtain a specific gene marker that can be used as a tool of MAS and applicable for Indonesian differential rice varieties.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2009
Brown planthopper (BPH) is one of the most destructive insect pests of rice. Wild species of rice are a valuable source of resistance genes for developing resistant cultivars. A molecular marker-based genetic analysis of BPH resistance was conducted using an F 2 population derived from a cross between an introgression line, 'IR71033-121-15', from Oryza minuta (Accession number 101141) and a susceptible Korean japonica variety, 'Junambyeo'. Resistance to BPH (biotype 1) was evaluated using 190 F 3 families. Two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and two signiWcant digenic epistatic interactions between marker intervals were identiWed for BPH resistance. One QTL was mapped to 193.4-kb region located on the short arm of chromosome 4, and the other QTL was mapped to a 194.0-kb region on the long arm of chromosome 12. The two QTLs additively increased the resistance to BPH. Markers co-segregating with the two resistance QTLs were developed at each locus. Comparing the physical map positions of the two QTLs with previously reported BPH resistance genes, we conclude that these major QTLs are new BPH resistance loci and have designated them as Bph20(t) on chromosome 4 and Bph21(t) on chromosome 12. This is the Wrst report of BPH resistance genes from the wild species O. minuta. These two new genes and markers reported here will be useful to rice breeding programs interested in new sources of BPH resistance. Communicated by T. Tai.