The resilience of youth delinquent. Education as a protective factor (original) (raw)
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Juvenile delinquency in Romania: a comparison between minors in prisons and re-education services
European Journal of Social Work, 2017
The degree of danger ratio of juvenile crimes in other countries, as well as in Romania, is a problem that concerns the educational and social control factors. In our country, the offences have increased due to malfunctions, anomie and social pathology aspects, problems of education and adaptation, malfunctions regarding the promotion of young people that determine phenomena of maladjustment, frustration, alienation and delinquency. At macro-social level, we are confronting cope with the accelerated development of the big cities, massive displacing of population, emerging of heterogeneous social communities, unemployment, inflation, economic instability, lesser community social control, social tolerance, new customs and habits etc. At a micro-social level there appear malfunctions in the activity of the main groups having an important role in socialization processes and social control (family, school, working colleagues, group of friends, associations and youth clubs). From an individual point of view, according to the personality of the teenager, one can exteriorize oneself through certain deviant behaviours: egocentrism, impulsivity, aggression. Through this research I will analyze the dimensions and characteristics of the juvenile delinquency phenomenon in the Romanian society, after the socio-political change in 1989; characterization of the juvenile delinquency phenomenon in Romania; identification of the social causes and factors of juvenile delinquency in our country; I will analysis of the vindicatory sanctions applied to the delinquent minors for the identification of the adequate measures that help decreasing the number of involved and the new aspects of the crimes.
Resilience, desistance and delinquent career of adolescent offenders
Journal of Adolescence, 1997
This study examines resilience and desistance from delinquent behaviours and attempts to identify factors which predict persistent or increased or decreased delinquency between adolescence and early childhood. A sample of 363 young people was obtained from the population of five public institutions in 1987 and 1992. Their delinquent trajectories were described on the basis of legal records. These suggested that resilience is a rare phenomenon and is associated with stable relationships, absence of diagnostic label and good adaptation to the institution. Two axes were identified which can be used to describe the population, the family background and the psychological characteristics of the individual. Information which predicted desistance from a delinquent career was identified by means of a stepwise multiple regression. Analyses were conducted separately for each age group to take account of differences in time after the placement. The results indicated that there are important age-related differences in the characteristics which influence desistance or risk. They also show length of stay in an institution to be a predictor. Desistance from further delinquency seems to depend on the time spent in the residential environment associated with an increase of guilt, an improvement of self-image and of attachment to one or more other people.
Juvenile Delinquency in Romania: The Indirect Result of the Transition Process
Hygiea Internationalis : An Interdisciplinary Journal for the History of Public Health, 2010
hen we try to discover the problems associated with juvenile delinquency should be very attentive towards the social, demographic, economical, and political situation of a certain society. Without these issues we would not be able to draw a real picture about the considered phenomenon, neither related to its qualitative, nor related to its quantitative evolution. In the same time represents an absolute necessity to consider the psychological factors of juvenile delinquency, as far as there are both social and psychological aspects involved into the phenomenon. 1 Meanwhile is not less interesting how a society perceives the phenomenon and what thinks about the causes of juvenile delinquency. The paper follows these directions.
and Holt Romania Foundation REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI INTERVENTIE SOCIALA is indexed by ISI Thomson Reuters-Social Sciences Citation Index (Sociology and Social Work Domains) Working together www.rcis.ro expert projects publishing 64 Abstract This study focuses on the resilience of delinquent children, youth and children who are serving a sentence of imprisonment in an educational center. In Romania, according to official statistics in June 2014, there are a number of 218 children of both sexes, aged between 14-18 years, in this situation. By 2009, when the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) draws attention to the Romanian state on the rights of children deprived of liberty, these children were silenced, and the child protection system in Romania did not assume responsibilities on them. According to longitudinal internal statistics, approximately 75-80% of the children and youth serving a custodial sentence are found, years later, in adult prisons. These statistics are consist...
Perspective chapter: Resilience as a process in changing the criminal behavior of young offenders
IntechOpen eBooks, 2024
This chapter presents and analyzes the role of the resilience process in the resocialization and reintegration of young offenders sentenced to a custodial measure in the criminal justice system. The intervention programs based on assisted resilience should have professionals as tutors/mentors of resilience. In this chapter, we will present their specific role. In this context, the need for the training of resilience tutors is presented. This aspect involves focusing on the potentialities of this category of offenders, with the aim of strengthening the protective factors at the expense of the risk factors. Resilience tutors are specialists from educational and detention centers who work with young offenders during the custodial sentence: psychologists, social workers, and educators. In our opinion, they can significantly contribute to changing the criminal behavior of young offenders. So, the main aim of this chapter is to show in which way the resilience process and resilience mentors/tutors contribute to the resocialization and reintegration of young offenders involved in the criminal justice system.
Resilience of Children Behind Bars
and Holt Romania Foundation REVISTA DE CERCETARE SI INTERVENTIE SOCIALA is indexed by ISI Thomson Reuters-Social Sciences Citation Index (Sociology and Social Work Domains) Working together www.rcis.ro expert projects publishing 64 Abstract This study focuses on the resilience of delinquent children, youth and children who are serving a sentence of imprisonment in an educational center. In Romania, according to official statistics in June 2014, there are a number of 218 children of both sexes, aged between 14-18 years, in this situation. By 2009, when the Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) draws attention to the Romanian state on the rights of children deprived of liberty, these children were silenced, and the child protection system in Romania did not assume responsibilities on them. According to longitudinal internal statistics, approximately 75-80% of the children and youth serving a custodial sentence are found, years later, in adult prisons. These statistics are consist...
Journal of Educational Sciences, 2021
The number of young people around the world, sanctioned with an educational measure depriving them of their liberty is increasing, which is also found in the statistics of educational centers in Romania. Custodial measures are those which punish juvenile offenders by depriving them of their liberty after they have been convicted of an offense. By being internment in the center, they are prevented from committing new offenses and, at least in theory, are allowed to be rehabilitated during the period of internment. In the custodial environment, education for minors and young people has been and remains different in many ways from that in the community. In this, beyond the architecture of the custodial environment, the profile of this type of criminals obviously has a significant role. In this paper, we aimed to highlight the particularities of education for minors and young people in the custody environment in general and in educational centers in Romania in particular, and how the pa...
From punishment to education--juvenile delinquency in Romanian criminal law
Revista medico-chirurgicală̆ a Societă̆ţ̜ii de Medici ş̧i Naturaliş̧ti din Iaş̧i
For centuries children were considered "mini-adults". Together with expressing the need to educate children and putting a stop to their integration in the work field from the earliest years the 19th century also displayed a new image of the child, which clearly separates him from the adults. In this paper the authors analyze the Romanian legislation addressing juvenile delinquency in criminal temporal evolution. On the one hand the minority age limits are sought and modulation of legislative provisions according to these, and on the other hand, types of penalties for minors are discussed. The authors conclude that the approach to juvenile delinquency in the current Romanian Criminal Code is the result of a long process of reflection of the legislators on adopting a different system of sanctions for juvenile offenders and on creating special regulations concerning the prosecution, trial and enforcement of the decisions regarding them.
Revista de Cercetare și Intervenție Socială, 2017
The article presents the results of a study (n = 119) carried out in April 2016 in the largest placement centre in the county of Iaşi. The aim of the research was to identify the processes that support the good results obtained by the teenagers and young persons who reside here, given that they are subject to numerous risk factors that originate in their past but are still in operation today, but also to their concerns regarding the future. Another objective has been to identify the most effective intervention models for the clients of such institutions in the given circumstances. The research was designed based on an ecological model of resilience which suggests that the good results obtained by the members of a group facing adversity are associated with the individual resources they can rely on. The instrument we used was a questionnaire focussing on 14 items concerning risks, 56 items concerning resources individual traits: self-efficiency and autonomy, the internal locus of control, planning ability, optimism and hope, sociability; social resources: peer group, school, placement centre; belief and values) as well as 16 outcomes (status and welfare), the results being analysed statistically. The questionnaires were distributed to the 132 young persons in the target group; the responses came from 119 clients (90%) aged between 14 and 24 (average = 16.95, SD = 1.87). The research results have led us to the conclusion that the protective mechanisms – which act directly upon the risks – are underpinned mainly by the young persons' individual traits, whereas the compensatory mechanisms – which act directly upon the outcomes – are underpinned mainly by the same traits, but also by the support the teenagers receive in the residential care.