Ecosystems (original) (raw)

Abstract

The availability of adequate quantities of water, of sufficient quality, depends on healthy ecosystems and canbe considered an ecosystem service. The maintenance of environmental flows enables this and other ecosystem services that are fundamental to sustainable economic growth and human well-being. Ecosystem services are being compromised worldwide, and energy production is one of the drivers of this process. Natural or green infrastructure can complement, augment or replace the services provided by traditional engineered infrastructure, creating additional benefits in terms of cost-effectiveness, risk management and sustainable development overall. The economic value of ecosystems for downstream water users is formally recognized and monetized in payments for environmental services schemes, in which downstream users provide farmers with payments or green water credits for good management practices that support and regulate ecosystem services, thereby conserving water and preservin...

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