A comprehensive device modelling of perovskite solar cell with inorganic copper iodide as hole transport material (original) (raw)
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A comparative study of different ETMs in perovskite solar cell with inorganic copper iodide as HTM
Optik, 2019
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) research is substantially increasing because of the fast improvement in their power conversion efficiency (PCE), cheapness, possibility to tune the bandgap, low recombination rate, high open circuit voltage, excellent ambipolar charge carrier transport and strong and broad optical absorption. In this paper, different electron transport materials (ETMs) have been analyzed with a new Copper Iodide (CuI) Hole Transport Material (HTM) to replace the conventional hole and electron transport materials for PSCs, such as TiO2 and Spiro-OMeTAD which have been known to be susceptible to light induced degradation. Moreover, the influence of the ETL, HTL and the perovskite layer thicknesses on the overall cell performance, is studied. The design of the proposed PSC is performed utilizing SCAPS-1D simulator (Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator-one dimension). Because of its high electron affinity and tunable bandgap, ZnOS is found to be the best replacement for TiO2. The results show that lead-based PSC with CuI as HTM is an efficient arrangement and better than the easily degradable and expensive Spiro-OMeTAD. According to the presented simulation and optimization of various layers thicknesses, the highest designed efficiency is 26.11%.
2021
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) research is substantially drawing attention because of the fast improvement in their power conversion efficiency (PCE), cheapness, possibility to tune the bandgap, low recombination rate, high open circuit voltage, excellent ambipolar charge carrier transport and strong and broad optical absorption. In this research, Zinc oxide as electron transport material (ETM) and copper iodide as hole transport material (HTM) have been optimized using SCAPS-1D simulation software. The thickness, bandgap, of ZnO (ETM) and CuI (HTM) was investigated. Results shows that the thickness and bandgap were found to strongly influence the PCE of perovskite solar cell. ZnO/CuI was found to be a better replacement to TiO2/Cu2O for stability and low degradation rate. It was observed that the maximum efficiency is 22.04%, Voc of 0.84V, JSC of 32.83mA/cm2 and FF of 79.79% was obtained when the thickness of ETM and HTM layer of (CH3NH3PbI3) PSCs which was found to be optimum at 0.2μm for the final optimization.
Nanomaterials
Organic hole transport materials (HTMs) have been frequently used to achieve high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) in regular perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, organic HTMs or their ingredients are costly and time-consuming to manufacture. Therefore, one of the hottest research topics in this area has been the quest for an efficient and economical inorganic HTM in PSCs. To promote efficient charge extraction and, hence, improve overall efficiency, it is crucial to look into the desirable properties of inorganic HTMs. In this context, a simulation investigation using a solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) was carried out on the performance of regular PSCs using inorganic HTMs. Several inorganic HTMs, such as nickel oxide (NiO), cuprous oxide (Cu2O), copper iodide (CuI), and cuprous thiocyanate (CuSCN), were incorporated in PSCs to explore matching HTMs that could add to the improvement in PCE. The simulation results revealed that Cu2O stood out as the best alternative, ...
Current Applied Physics, 2020
Inverted perovskite solar cells (p-in PSCs) have been fascinated due to rapid progress of performance in recent years. PEDOT: PSS is commonly used hole transport material (HTM) in p-in PSCs which is hygroscopic and acidic in nature that leads towards poor performance of device thus hinders commercialization of PSCs. Therefore, it is necessary to replace PEDOT: PSS with stable HTM in p-in PSCs. In this paper, theoretical study is carried out to investigate various physical parameters that can affect the performance of p-in PSCs with copper iodide (CuI) as HTM and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as ETM. These parameters include the effect of doping density of ETM, absorber, and HTM as well as defect density and thickness of absorber on the performance of p-in PSCs. In addition, hole mobility and thickness of HTM is also investigated. It is found that performance of p-in PSC is strongly dependent on defect density and thickness of absorber layer while other physical parameters have minor influence on the performance of device. Upon final optimization, device attains PCE of more than 21 % which is encouraging. These results show that CuI as HTM is a potential choice for p-in PSCs.
Comparative Study of Lead-Free Perovskite Solar Cells Using Different Hole Transporter Materials
Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Material Science
In recent years, there has been an unprecedented rise in the performance of metal halide perovskite solar cells. The lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn much research interest due to the P b toxicity of the lead halide perovskite. CH 3 NH 3 SnI 3 is a viable alternative to CH 3 NH 3 PbX 3. In this work, we designed a tin-based perovskite simulated model with the novel architecture of (TCO)/buffer (TiO 2)/absorber (Perovskite)/hole transport material (HTM) and analyzed using the solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS-1D), which is well adapted to study the photovoltaic architectures. In the paper, we studied the influences of perovskite thickness and the doping concentration on the solar cell performance through theoretical analysis and device simulation. The results are indicating that the lead-free CH 3 NH 3 SnI 3 is having the great potential to be an absorber layer with suitable inorganic hole transport materials like CuI (PCE: 23.25%), Cu 2 O (PCE: 19.17%), organic hole transport materials like spiro-OMETAD (PCE: 23.76%) and PTAA (PCE: 23.74%) to achieve high efficiency. This simulation model will become a good guide for the fabrication of high efficiency tin-based perovskite solar. The results show that the lead-free CH 3 NH 3 SnI 3 is a potential environmentally friendly solar cells with high efficiency.
Europan journal of science and technology, 2021
Due to the solar cell industry, environmentally friendly and low-cost electricity generation processes, the use of non-renewable energy sources, especially fossil fuels, is developing day by day. Among the different solar cells under use, perovskite solar cells have recently experienced rapid growth in research due to their high performance and low production costs at the same time. Perovskite solar cells typically consist of some main layers such as absorbent, carrier layers and electrodes. The hole transport layer (HTL) is very important in the perovskite solar cell structure due to its important role in cell performance. The light absorbed by the perovskite layer leads to the formation of electrons and holes. These load carriers are then transported to the electrodes by the electron and hole transport layers. There are several types of HTL, such as small molecules in the cell structure, polymeric and inorganic HTLs. In addition, these different options can be in various configurations such as tandem, composite and single structures. In this study, three common HTL types, Spiro-OMeTAD, P3HT and Cu2O, were studied and their effects on cell performance in different composite, tandem and single forms were investigated and their results were compared. These comparisons were made in the simulation environment in SCAPS-1D software. The final results showed approximately the best 27% efficiency of the use of tandem structure in the HTL configuration with Spiro-OMeTAD and P3HT in the special perovskite solar cell created in this study.
2019
The hole transporting material (HTM) is responsible for selectively transporting holes and blocking electrons which also plays a crucial role in the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Spiro-MeOTAD is the most popular material, which is expensive and can be easily affected by moisture contents. There is need to find an alternative HTM with sufficiently high resistance to moisture content. In this paper, the influence of some parameters with cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) as HTM was investigated using solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS). These include the influence of doping concentration and thickness of absorber layer, the effect of thickness of ETM and HTM as well as electron affinities of ETM and HTM on the performance of the PSCs. From the obtained results, it was found that concentration of dopant in absorber layer, thickness of ETM and HTM and the electron affinity of HTM and ETM affect the performance of the solar cell. The cell performance improves greatly with the reduction of ETM electron affinity and its thickness. Upon optimization of parameters, power conversion efficiency for this device was found to be 20.42 % with current density of 22.26 mAcm −2 , voltage of 1.12 V, and fill factor of 82.20 %. The optimized device demonstrates an enhancement of 58.80 %, 2.25 %, 20.40 % and 30.23 % in PCE, Jsc, FF and Voc over the initial cell. The results show that Cu 2 O in lead-based PSC as HTM is an efficient system and an alternative to spiro-MeOTAD.
Micromachines
By an abrupt rise in the power conservation efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) within a short span of time, the instability and toxicity of lead were raised as major hurdles in the path toward their commercialization. The usage of an inorganic lead-free CsSnI3-based halide perovskite offers the advantages of enhancing the stability and degradation resistance of devices, reducing the cost of devices, and minimizing the recombination of generated carriers. The simulated standard device using a 1D simulator like solar cell capacitance simulator (SCAPS) with Spiro-OMeTAD hole transporting layer (HTL) at perovskite thickness of 330 nm is in good agreement with the previous experimental result (12.96%). By changing the perovskite thickness and work operating temperature, the maximum efficiency of 18.15% is calculated for standard devices at a perovskite thickness of 800 nm. Then, the effects of replacement of Spiro-OMeTAD with other HTLs including Cu2O, CuI, CuSCN, CuSbS2, ...
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science
Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) methylammonium lead halide (CH3NH3PbI3) base is one of promising solar cell that has inexpensive materials, relatively simple and versatile fabrication high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 has relatively low stability due to very sensitive to polar solvents such as water, where this compound will easily decompose into PbI2 quickly. Some attempts have been made by researchers to increase the stability for example by adding Hole transport material (HTM) to prevent corrosion of the sensitizer, enhance the resistance to degradation CH3NH3PbI3 and improve the stability against moisture. Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is ones of p-type semiconductor with low electron affinity and very high hole mobility that is a potential for hole transport material in heterojunction based solar cells. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of Cu2O thickness as HTM in PCE and stability of perovskite solar cell. The electron transport laye...
Powder Pressed Cuprous Iodide (CuI) as A Hole Transporting Material for Perovskite Solar Cells
Materials, 2019
This study focuses on employing cuprous iodide (CuI) as a hole-transporting material (HTM) in fabricating highly efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The PSCs were made in air with either CuI or 2,2′,7,7′-Tetrakis[N,N-di(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD) as HTMs. A simple and novel pressing method was employed for incorporating CuI powder layer between perovskite layer and Pt top-contact to fabricate devices with CuI, while spiro-OMeTAD was spin-coated between perovskite layer and thermally evaporated Au top-contact to fabricate devices with spiro-OMeTAD. Under illuminations of 100 mW/cm2 with an air mass (AM) 1.5 filter in air, the average short-circuit current density (JSC) of the CuI devices was over 24 mA/cm2, which is marginally higher than that of spiro-OMeTAD devices. Higher JSC of the CuI devices can be attributed to high hole-mobility of CuI that minimizes the electron-hole recombination. However, the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of...