The Growth of Aspergillus Niger on a Wood Based Material with 4 Types of Wall Finishing (original) (raw)
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Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2015
Malaysia is located on the equator has resulted in having two seasons wet and dry. Both of the seasons can influence indoor air quality of buildings promoting the growth of fungal. Fungal growth can occur with the combinations of temperature, relative humidity, substrate and others. Indoor and outdoor air quality is essential for building occupants to prevent the infection diseases caused by fungal. The goal of this study is to remediate the growth indoor fungal after treated with biocides on different types of wall finishing and evaluate the efficiencies of biocides to treat indoor fungal. In this study, the biocides are utilized as a coating for coating bio-resistance. The measurements of the fungal growth are made by growing the samples on realistic wood substrates on the different wall finishing such as paints and wallpapers. The mold that grew are affecting most of the rooms is selected. The air sampler that have been used to isolate the samples of indoor fungal according to NIOSH Manual Analytical Method (NMAM 0800), a guideline provided by National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). The fungal growth was evaluated using the ASTM D5590-00 standard measuring on the surface of substrate. The results show that potassium sorbate as biocide was able to reduce the indoor fungal growth depending on the type of material used in the building.
Scientific Reports
This study focuses on the magnificent decoration of a painted and gilded wooden panel with signs of fungal biodeterioration caused by Aspergillus species in the Mausoleum of Sultan al-Ashraf Qaytbay, Cairo, Egypt. Numerous spectroscopic analyses and investigation techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscope Equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM–EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) have been used to study the materials that comprise this painted and gilded wooden panel composition. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, and A. terreus were recognized as isolated fungi, and their accession numbers are OQ820164, OQ820163, and OQ820160, respectively. The findings showed that the wooden support is of pinewood (Pinus halepensis), the white priming layer on top of the wooden support was identified as gypsum, the blue paint layer has been proposed to be Azurite, Au (gold) was the primary composition of the gilding layer, while Pb (lead) wa...
Indoor Fungal Growth on Variable Antifungal at Different Wall Finishing on Plasterboard
International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 2018
Various health complaints often been attributed to pollution and the poor quality of the indoor air. If there is good practice in building design, construction, and maintenance, the structures should remain dry. However, when there is moisture damage, the materials may be in contact with water for prolonged times, which inevitably leads to microbial growth or even total deterioration of the building material. Antimicrobial coating is designed to generate a surface that is easy to clean and can also incorporate active agents, commonly called antifungal, that prevent microbial colonization, the subsequent growth and bio-deterioration of the substrate. This paper presents the sustainable treatment for indoor environment quality in buildings by examining the application of potassium sorbate, zinc salicylate, and calcium benzoate that used as food industry preservatives as indoor antimicrobial agents. Four types of wall finishing used on plasterboard substrate: acrylic paint, glycerol ba...
Impact of paint and wall-paper on mould growth on plasterboards and aluminum
Building and Environment, 2010
Biocide-free and biocide-treated plasterboards as well as aluminum plate as a reference material normally considered as being insensitive to mould growth have been used as substrate to check the influence of different common wall coverings, i.e. paints and wall papers, on fungal growth. The results described in this paper show that any non-biodegradable material (such as aluminum) can become a substrate to fungal infestation once painted or wall paper applied, depending on the type of paint or wall paper used. Moreover, a biodegradable material treated with a biocide (biocide-treated plasterboard) offers partial resistance to fungal growth at a biodegradable surface covering.
Indoor fungi on damp walls of buildings and their management
Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences, 2014
A total of eight species of fungi and one sterile fungus were isolated from the indoor damp walls. The fungi were Aspergillus flavus Link, A. fumigatus Fresenius, A. niger van Teighem, A. niger (culture type 1), A. terreus Thom, A. terreus (culture type 1), A. ustus, Fusarium sp., Penicillium sp. Ulocladium sp. and a fungus with sterile mycelia. The frequency percentage of association of A. fluvus, A. fumigatus and A. niger was higher than any other fungi. This is the first report of association of fungi in indoor damp walls from the Department of Botany, University of Dhaka and a private house of Dhaka city. Effects of six fungicides were evaluated against the isolated fungi. Bavistin and tall were found most effective against the radial growth of the damp wall fungi. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v23i1.19821 Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 23(1): 9-16, 2014
Resistance of green building materials to fungal growth
International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2010
While the market for "green" building materials has been expanding rapidly, the susceptibility of these materials to fungal growth is not well understood. The relative fungal resistance of four pairs of green building materials and their conventional analogs was assessed. An artificial inoculation protocol was used to investigate the effects of external nutrient levels, host material, and spore levels on the susceptibility of building materials to Aspergillus niger. Also, a natural inoculation protocol was utilized to evaluate the resistance of the building materials to colonization by common indoor fungi. Increasing spore levels and the presence of external nutrients promoted the growth of A. niger on the surface of drywall, conventional ceiling tile, and gypsum wallboard. Following natural inoculation, a strong correlation was found to exist between the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of organic-based materials and the time until 50% of the total surface area of a material specimen was covered by fungi (T 50% ). Fungal growth rates on the top, back, and side surfaces of coated or composite building materials were quite different. The results suggest that the presence of organic matter in a given building material and its EMC are more important predictors of fungal susceptibility than is the label of "green" or "nongreen".
Walls are essential for buildings because they delimitate surroundings while influencing durability. Regarding the development of buildings, lightweight systems have emerged, which usually have internal closures of gypsum boards with several coating options. The south region of Brazil has subtropical climate, which promotes the development of fungi, which harm human health in buildings. Therefore, a test was performed according to ASTM D3273-16, for the periods of 4 and 10 weeks, to assess the resistance to growth of fungi on gypsum boards with coatings of acrylic paint, epoxy paint, smooth speckle, textured speckle and waterproof polymer. Results showed more severe deterioration of the samples coated with acrylic paint, and at 10 weeks the worst case reached a grade below 4 according to the classification of the standard and provided the development of the Aspergillus and Aureobasidium fungi, whereas the epoxy paint sample favored the growth of genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. The tests also showed significant differences in mold damage for the periods of 4 weeks (recommended by the standard) and 10 weeks (timespan of this study).
Study on Fungi Inhabiting Indoor Woods and their Eco-Friendly Management
2020
Abstract. Biodeterioration of indoor wood and microbial pollution inside buildings is one of important problem in humid areas. Number of fungi are associated with indoor wood and many of them are responsible for its deterioration by causing decay and stain. Some of them may release mycotoxins, which have hazardous impact on human health. In present study, fifteen fungi associated with wood surface were isolated and out of which genus Aspergillus dominate with four species. A. flavus was recorded from all locations. The potential of leaf extracts of nine tree species on the growth of A. flavus was evaluated by amending culture media. Considerable growth inhibition of A. flavus in the range of 1.14-45.45% was recorded on solid media and 9.37-86.66% in liquid media. Amendment of culture media @ 30% concentration of the leaf extract of Corymbia torelliana have recorded maximum growth inhibition irrespective of the media used.
Fungi implicated in the deterioration of painted wall surfaces (both inner and outer surfaces) were investigated within Kaduna Polytechnic. Flakes of paint were collected from different parts of buildings where paint work had started failing. Fungi were isolated from the samples and identified using Sabourard Dextrose Agar and Wet-Mount staining Techniques respectively. The species of fungi isolated from the inner and outer wall surfaces include special and were implicated in the deterioration of the paint works. Chemical additives such as Ammonium Phosphate and Propionic acid help to hinder the fungal growth on the painted buildings.
Comparison of Methods for Assessing Temporal Variation of Growth of Fungi on Building Materials
Microbiology (Reading, England), 2016
Fungal growth on indoor surfaces can decay building materials and release hazardous substances that affect indoor air quality. Despite the numerous methods available for growth determination, there is no commonly accepted standard. The goal of this study was to compare five different assay methods for the measurement of fungal growth: cultivation, mass spectrometry-based determination of ergosterol, beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase (NAHA) activity, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and microscopic spore counting. Three fungal species (Aspergillus puulaauensis, Cladosporium montecillanum and Penicillium polonicum) were grown on three different building materials (two types of acoustic board, and wood). Fungal load was determined at different time points. Results from all of the methods, except the spore count, showed good correlation between each other (r = 0.6-0.8). Results obtained with the cultivation method had the highest variability among replicate samples (65%), making ...