Effect of soil pH on sorption of salinomycin in clay and sandy soils (original) (raw)
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Fate and Transport of Salinomycin Sodium in Sandy soil
Madras Agricultural Journal, 2017
Salinomycin sodium (BIO COX) is a polyether ionophore, commonly used in the poultry industries for the prevention of coccidial infections and promotion of growth. Salinomycin sodium (SAL-Na) is very toxic, and may be fatal, if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin than many other antibiotics, thus evaluating its fate in the soil environment is of importance. Mobility of SAL-Na was measured in sandy soil. Soil column leaching experiments indicated that the strongly sorbed SAL-Na was not detected in the leachate of sandy soils, indicating that the amount added to each column was not leached off the soil fractions. When compared to the sterile soil, non sterile soil has more movement of SAL-Na. Leachate collected from the soil column (75% hydraulic conductivity) passed with phosphate buffer showed higher concentration (0.48 mg/L) of SAL-Na and the movement was also observed higher in non sterile soil. About 35% of SAL-Na was found in leachate of sandy soil.
Column Study to Assess the Mobility of Salinomycin in Soil Environment
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change, 2024
Salinomycin sodium (C42H69NaO11) is a polyether ionophore commonly used in poultry industries to prevent coccidial infections and promote growth. Salinomycin sodium (SAL-Na) has high toxicity and possesses the potential to induce fatality upon ingestion, inhalation, or dermal absorption; thus, it is crucial to evaluate its fate in the soil environment. The column study was conducted at laboratory condition to examine the behavior of the Salinomycin sodium and their mobility potential to move to the surface and ground waters in soils with sandy and loamy sand textures. Sample Location: Agricultural soils with no previous history of exposure to salinomycin were collected from the Macdonald Campus Farm of McGill University in Ste-Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada. In the current study, two types of soils are assessed, i.e., HOM-sand and LOM-loamy sand. HOM-sand soil was a Dalhousie sandy soil with high organic matter (HOM-sand). Results: Soil column leaching experiments indicated that the SAL-Na was undetected in sandy and loamy sand soil leachate. This indicates that the amount added to each column was not leached off the soil fractions as it is strongly sorbed. Compared to sterile soil, nonsterile soil has more movement of SAL-Na. The leachate obtained from the soil column, which had a hydraulic conductivity of 75%, exhibited a greater concentration (0.48 mg/L) of SAL-Na when passed through a phosphate buffer. Additionally, the mobility of SAL-Na was shown to be higher in the nonsterile soil. About 35% of SAL-Na was found in leachate of sandy
Sorption of Sulfonamide Pharmaceutical Antibiotics on Whole Soils and Particle-Size Fractions
Journal of Environment Quality, 2004
Sørensen, 2000). Consequently, residues of potentially harmful pharmaceutical antibiotics are found in soils Residues of pharmaceutical antibiotics are found in the environand adjacent environmental compartments (Hirsch et ment, whose fate and effects are governed by sorption. Thus, the extent and mechanisms of the soil sorption of p-aminobenzoic acid and al., 1999; Hamscher et al., 2002). Numerous pharmaceufive sulfonamide antibiotics (sulfanilamide, sulfadimidine, sulfadia-tical antibiotics are persistent in the environment (Gazine, sulfadimethoxine, and sulfapyridine) were investigated using topvalchin and Katz, 1994; Hamscher et al., 2002). Hence, soils of fertilized and unfertilized Chernozem and their organic-minthey can enter the food chain via uptake by plants or eral particle-size fractions. Freundlich adsorption coefficients (K f) translocation into ground water (Migliore et al., 1995; ranged from 0.5 to 6.5. Adsorption increased with aromaticity and Boxall et al., 2002). In addition, antibiotics can provoke electronegativity of functional groups attached to the sulfonyl-phenylthe formation of resistant microorganisms (Huysman et amine core. Adsorption to soil and particle-size fractions increased al., 1993; Gavalchin and Katz, 1994). The translocation in the sequence: coarse silt Ͻ whole soil Ͻ medium silt Ͻ sand Ͻ and bioactivity of antibiotics are influenced by soil sorpclay Ͻ fine silt and was influenced by pH. Sorption nonlinearity (1/n Յ tion, governing the distribution and transfer between 0.76) indicated specific interactions with functional groups of soil organic matter (SOM). Phenolic and carboxylic groups, N-hetero-phases and thus the resulting mobile and bioavailable cyclic compounds, and lignin decomposition products were tentatively fractions of the antibiotics. However, knowledge about assigned as preferred binding sites using statistical analysis of pyrolythe extent and mechanisms of antibiotic sorption in soils sis-mass spectra and adsorption coefficients. Adsorption of sulfonis still scarce (Thiele-Bruhn, 2003). amides to mineral soil colloids was weaker and resulted in a stronger As is with many other pharmaceuticals, sulfonamides desorption from clay-size fractions. Moreover, steric accessibility of are both fairly water-soluble and polar compounds, which organic-mineral complexes in clay-size fractions was significantly reionize depending on the pH of the matrix. In addition duced. With a quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) to hydrophobic partitioning, these compounds may sorb model, combining the organic carbon concentration, the sulfonamides' to soils via cation exchange, cation bridging, surface chromatographic capacity factor (k), and nondissociated species concentration (CF a), distribution coefficients (K d) were estimated with a complexes, and hydrogen bonding (Tolls, 2001). Accordcross-validated regression coefficient Q 2 ϭ 0.71. Modeling and molecingly, sorption of sulfonamides, such as sulfapyridine, ular mechanics calculations of antibiotic-SOM complexes showed varies between soils and is affected by the quantity, compreferred site-specific sorption via hydrogen bonds and van der Waals position, and structure of soil colloids (Thiele, 2000). The interactions. Distinct chemical structural properties, such as aromaticeffects of the variation in quantity and quality of soil ity and van der Waals volumes, correlated with the sorption data. components can be elucidated in sorption experiments using particle-size fractions obtained from physical separation of whole-soil samples. These fractions contain A ntibiotic pharmaceuticals are widely used for the mineral colloids and soil organic matter (SOM) of differ
Chemistry Central Journal, 2014
The increased use of veterinary antibiotics in modern agriculture for therapeutic uses and growth promotion has raised concern regarding the environmental impacts of antibiotic residues in soil and water. The mobility and transport of antibiotics in the environment depends on their sorption behavior, which is typically predicted by extrapolating from an experimentally determined soil-water distribution coefficient (Kd). Accurate determination of Kd values is important in order to better predict the environmental fate of antibiotics. In this paper, we examine different analytical approaches in assessing Kd of two major classes of veterinary antibiotics (sulfonamides and macrolides) and compare the existing literature data with experimental data obtained in our laboratory. While environmental parameters such as soil pH and organic matter content are the most significant factors that affect the sorption of antibiotics in soil, it is important to consider the concentrations used, the an...
The dissipation and transport of veterinary antibiotics in a sandy loam soil
Chemosphere, 2007
The environmental fate of the antibiotics sulfachloropyridazine and oxytetracycline was investigated in a sandy loam soil. Liquid pig manure was fortified with the compounds and then applied to soil plots to investigate leaching, dissipation and surface run-off under field conditions. Additionally, as the macrolide antibiotic tylosin had been administered to the pigs from which the slurry had been sourced, this was also analysed for in the samples collected. Sulfachloropyridazine dissipated rapidly with DT50 and DT90 values of 3.5 and 18.9 days but oxytetracycline was more persistent with DT50 and DT90 values of 21.7 and 98.3 days. Both sulfachloropyridazine and oxytetracyline were detected in surface run-off samples at maximum concentrations of 25.9 and 0.9 μg/l respectively but only sulfachloropyridazine was detected in soil water samples at a maximum concentration of 0.78 μg/l at 40 cm depth 20 days after treatment. Tylosin was not detected in any soil or water samples. The results indicated that tylosin, when applied in slurry, posed very little risk of accumulating in soil or contaminating ground or surface water. However, tylosin may pose a risk if used to treat animals on pasture and risks arising from transformation products of tylosin, formed during slurry storage, cannot be ruled out. Oxytetracycline posed a very low risk of ground or surface water contamination but had the potential to persist in soils and sulfachloropyridazine posed a moderate risk of contaminating ground or surface water but had low potential to accumulate in soils. These findings were consistent with the sorption and persistence characteristics of the compounds and support a number of broad-scale monitoring studies that have measured these antibiotic classes in the environment.
Persistence of antibiotics such as macrolides, tiamulin and salinomycin in soil
Environmental Pollution, 2006
The extensive use of veterinary drugs in agriculture leads to contamination of manure. If this manure is used as fertiliser, soil may be exposed to the respective drugs. Additionally soil exposure may stem from contaminated sewage sludge that is used on some agricultural land as fertiliser.
The sorption and transport of a sulphonamide antibiotic in soil systems
Toxicology letters, 2002
Veterinary medicines are administered to animals to treat disease and protect their health. After administration, the substances can be metabolised and a mixture of the parent compound and metabolites may be excreted in the urine and faeces. For animals on pasture, the excreta will be released directly to soil whereas for intensively reared animals, the main route of entry will be through slurry and manure spreading. Whilst the behaviour of other classes of substance (e.g. pesticides and nutrients) that are applied to soil is well understood, limited information is available on the transport and fate of veterinary medicines applied to soils. Laboratory and field studies were, therefore, performed to investigate the sorption behaviour of the sulfonamide antibiotic, sulfachloropyridazine, in soil and to assess the potential for sulfachloropyridazine to move from soil to surface waters and groundwaters. Sorption coefficients (K D ) for the compound in soil and soil/slurry mixtures were low (ranging from 0.9 to 1.8 l kg − 1 ) and indicated that the substance would be highly mobile. Field studies on a clay field supported these observations and demonstrated that, after application, the compound was rapidly transported to surface waters, concentrations of up to 590 mg l − 1 being observed in drainage waters. Leaching studies at a sandy site indicated that the substance had a low potential to leach to groundwaters, concentrations in the soil pore water being below or close to analytical detection limits. An assessment of currently available models for predicting concentrations of veterinary medicines entering surface waters indicated that for sulfachloropyridazine, the methods provide reasonable estimates, predicted concentrations being within a factor of two of the maximum measured concentrations. The approaches may not, however, be appropriate for use on highly hydrophobic substances or for predicting groundwater concentrations.
Trends in soil sorption coefficients within common antimicrobial families
Chemosphere, 2010
Sorption coefficients (K d ) of fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, and sulfonamide antimicrobial compounds were measured for seven soils between pH 4.5 and 8.5 using batch sorption techniques. Soils were chosen to encompass a range of cation exchange capacity (CEC), iron and aluminum oxide and organic matter contents. For most soil-pH pairs, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin K d values were within a factor of 2 (0.3 log units) of each other. Lower enrofloxacin sorption than norfloxacin or ciprofloxacin sorption was observed at pH 8.5 for the two most aluminosilicate clay-rich soils, likely due to compound differences in acid dissociation constants, yielding greater anion species abundance for enrofloxacin. Tetracycline, oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline K d values also were within a factor of 2 for each soil-pH pair. Measured tetracycline and fluoroquinolone compound K d values could be estimated within a factor of 2 using published empirical multi-linear regression models. In contrast, sulfonamide K d values varied among compounds, as expected for sorbates that interact primarily with soil organic matter. Results of this research indicate that substituent groups have little effect on sorption interactions of compounds from the tetracycline and fluoroquinolone family that interact with soils primarily through cation exchange, surface complexation and cation bridging sorption mechanisms.
Study on the effects and changes of soil degradation under the influence of antibiotics
E3S Web of Conferences, 2020
The use of antibiotics in large quantities against the combat of pests in soils, indicates an increased remanence of them, which leads to major environmental risks. After entering in the soil, antibiotics are subjected to a succession of biogeochemical processes under the action of multiple environmental factors: absorption, migration, transformation, degradation or nutritional prosperity of plants. In order to know the current state of the environment and the effects of antibiotics it is essential to discover procedures for improving the degradation and combating the dissemination of antibiotic resistance. Research in recent years on the extraction of antibiotics from the soil is based on complex processes, such as: Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction or accelerated solvent extraction. Soil residue was determined using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, being the equipment that provides the highest accuracy in the analysis of polar compounds in very low con...
Sulfamethazine Sorption to Soil: Vegetative Management, pH, and Dissolved Organic Matter Effects
Journal of Environment Quality, 2013
Elucidating veterinary antibiotic interactions with soil is important for assessing and mitigating possible environmental hazards. Th e objectives of this study were to investigate the eff ects of vegetative management, soil properties, and >1000 Da dissolved organic matter (DOM >1000 Da ) on sulfamethazine (SMZ) behavior in soil. Sorption experiments were performed over a range of SMZ concentrations (2.5-50 μmol L −1 ) using samples from three soils (Armstrong, Huntington, and Menfro), each planted to one of three vegetation treatments: agroforestry buff ers strips (ABS), grass buff er strips (GBS), and row crops (RC). Our results show that SMZ sorption isotherms are well fi tted by the Freundlich isotherm model (log K f = 0.44-0.93; Freundlich nonlinearity parameter = 0.59-0.79). Further investigation of solid-to-solution distribution coeffi cients (K d ) demonstrated that vegetative management signifi cantly (p < 0.05) infl uences SMZ sorption (ABS > GBS > RC). Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that organic carbon (OC) content, pH, and initial SMZ concentration were important properties controlling SMZ sorption. Study of the two most contrasting soils in our sample set revealed that increasing solution pH (pH 6.0-7.5) reduced SMZ sorption to the Armstrong GBS soil, but little pH eff ect was observed for the Huntington GBS soil containing 50% kaolinite in the clay fraction. Th e presence of DOM >1000 Da (150 mg L −1 OC) had little signifi cant eff ect on the Freundlich nonlinearity parameter; however, DOM >1000 Da slightly reduced SMZ K d values overall. Our results support the use of vegetative buff ers to mitigate veterinary antibiotic loss from agroecosystems, provide guidance for properly managing vegetative buff er strips to increase SMZ sorption, and enhance understanding of SMZ sorption to soil.