An Unconventional Oral Candidiasis in an Immunocompetent Patient (original) (raw)

Oral Candidiasis: A Short Review and a Case Report

2018

Candidiasis is a fungal infection caused by dimorphic yeasts which belong to the genus Candida. Oral candidiasis (OC) is the commonest fungal infection affecting human beings. It affects the oral mucosa. These lesions are caused by the yeast Candida albicans. We report a case of Saudi male patient with oral candidiasis who was treated successfully with antifungal therapy.

Candidiasis and Oral Cavity: A Review

https://www.ijrrjournal.com/IJRR\_Vol.6\_Issue.5\_May2019/Abstract\_IJRR0039.html, 2019

Oral Candida is opportunistic pathogen. Oral candidiasis is one of the common fungal infections, affecting the oral mucosa and is caused by Candida albicans. Candida pathogenicity is facilitated by a number of virulence factors, the most important of which are those for adherence to host tissues and medical devices, biofilm formation and secretion of hydrolytic enzymes. Assessment of predisposing factors plays a crucial role in the management of candidal infection. Carefully recording the medical history is important Topical antifungal therapy is the recommended first line treatment for uncomplicated oral candidiasis.

Candida and Oral Candidosis: A Review

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine, 1994

Candida species are the most common fungal pathogens isolated from the oral cavity. Their oral existence both as a commensal and an opportunist pathogen has intrigued clinicians and scientists for many decades, and recent investigations have revealed many attributes of this fungus contributing to its pathogenicity. In addition, the advent of the human immunodeficiency virus infection and AIDS has resulted in a resurgence of oral Candida infections. Clinicians are witnessing not only classic forms of the diseases but also newer clinical variants such as erythematous candidosis, rarely described hithertofore. Therefore, this review is an attempt at detailing the current knowledge on Candida and oral candidoses together with the newer therapeutic regimes employed in treating these mycoses.

Clinical Appearance of Oral Candida Infection and Therapeutic Strategies

Candida species present both as commensals and opportunistic pathogens of the oral cavity. For decades, it has enthralled the clinicians to investigate its pathogenicity and to improvise newer therapeutic regimens based on the updated molecular research. Candida is readily isolated from the oral cavity, but simple carriage does not predictably result in development of an infection. Whether it remains as a commensal, or transmutes into a pathogen, is usually determined by pre-existing or associated variations in the host immune system. The candida infections may range from non-life threatening superficial mucocutaneous disorders to invasive disseminated disease involving multiple organs. In fact, with the increase in number of AIDS cases, there is a resurgence of less common forms of oral candida infections. The treatment after confirmation of the diagnosis should include recognizing and eliminating the underlying causes such as ill-fitting oral appliances, history of medications (antibiotics, corticosteroids, etc.), immunological and endocrine disorders, nutritional deficiency states and prolonged hospitalization. Treatment with appropriate topical antifungal agents such as amphotericin, nystatin, or miconazole usually resolves the symptoms of superficial infection. Occasionally, administration of systemic antifungal agents may be necessary in immunocompromised patients, the selection of which should be based upon history of recent azole exposure, a history of intolerance to an antifungal agent, the dominant Candida species and current susceptibility data.