Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Selected Medicinal Plant Extracts Against Phytopathogenic Fungi (original) (raw)
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Heliyon, 2018
Fungal strains belonging to genus Fusarium and Aspergillus are known to infect crops, resulting in threatened food security and less agricultural crop yields. The aim of the current work was to investigate the anti-mycotoxigenic activity, cytotoxic effect and antioxidant potential of selected South African medicinal plants extracts. The aqueous and organic extracts of the leaves from selected medicinal plants were investigated for their antifungal activity against various fungal strains that are known to infect crops and produce mycotoxins. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoids contents were also evaluated. Organic extract of Milletia grandis (E. Mey) Skeels revealed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.01 mg/mL against Aspergillus ochraceous, Fusarium graminearum and Furasium oxysporum. Generally, organic extracts revealed significant antifungal activity compared to aqueous extracts. Carpobrutus eludis L. and Warburgia salutaris (G. Bertol) Chiov. revealed a potent cytotoxic effect yielding 50 % lethal concentration (LC 50) value of 0.01 mg/mL against Bovine dermis and Vero cells respectively.
Archives of Medical and Biomedical Research, 2017
Invasive fungal infections are important causes of mortality despite advances in antifungal therapy. The aim of this study was collect information on plants used by traditional healers for the treatment of fungal infections in the Baham subdivision (Western region of Cameroon) and to assess the in vitro antifungal and antioxidant potentials of the extracts from the medicinal plants surveyed. The antifungal activity was assessed by the broth micro-dilution method and the antioxidant activity was determined using the free-radical scavenging assays. The extracts for the plants Kotschya strigosa and Eryngium foetidum had potent antifungal activity with minimum inhibitory concentration value of 32 µg/mL against Cryptococcus neoformans. Eugenia gilgii extract had the highest free radical scavenging capacity in 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (IC 50 of 4.54μg/mL). There is a rich wealth of knowledge and usage of plants by traditional healers for the treatment of fungal infections and further studies should consider isolation of active compounds from the extracts in order to assess the potential for developing new, effective, safe and affordable phytomedicine for the treatment of fungal infections and other pharmacological applications.
Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences, 2023
Phytochemicals present in medicinal plants (herbs, shrubs, and trees) are endowed with high antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Te aim of this work was to study the chemical composition, antioxidant, and antifungal activities of Tristemma mauritianum, Crassocephalum bougheyanum, and Lavigeria macrocarpa. Chemical composition of the plant extracts was determined using standard methods. Te antioxidant activities were performed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), nitric oxide (NO), and hydroxyl (OH) scavenging assays. Te antifungal activity of plant extracts and their combinations with antifungals was evaluated against eleven Candida spp. using the broth microdilution method by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC). Te quantitative chemical analysis of the extracts of T. mauritianum, L. macrocarpa, and C. bougheyanum showed that they contain phenols, tannins, and favonoids that vary according to the plant species and extracts. All the plant extracts presented promising antifungal (MIC = 64-2048 µg/mL) and antioxidant activities. Te extract of T. mauritianum displayed the highest antifungal (MIC = 64-256 µg/mL) and antioxidant (IC 50 = 19.052 ± 1.11 μg/mL) activities which can be explained by its high phenolic content. Interestingly, extracts of T. mauritianum, L. macrocarpa, and C. bougheyanum displayed synergistic efects (fractional inhibitory concentration index, FICI ≤ 0.5) with ketoconazole against clinical resistant isolates. Te results of the present study demonstrate promising antifungal and antioxidant activities of the tested plants that are associated to their phenol, tannin, and favonoid contents. Hence, extracts of T. mauritianum and L. macrocarpa could be deeply investigated as antifungal alone and in combination with conventional antifungal drugs to treat infections caused by Candida spp.
In vitro antifungal and antioxidant activities of two Benin medicinal plants
constituents were also examined. The extracts were screened for the presence of alkaloids, coumarin, anthracene derivatives, flavonoids, lignans, essential oils, naphtoquinones and terpenoids. The antifungal activity was carried out using agar diffusion method, while antioxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazine method. Phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of flavonoids, anthracenic derivatives, essential oil, pigments, terpene and triterpene in the leaves of O. corniculata and terpene and pigments in the fruits of C. equisetifolia. The antifungal activity of extracts is more marked on the sporulation (17.74 to 99.48%) than the mycelia development (7.69 to 65.71%). Methanol and hydro-ethanol extracts showed the best inhibitory percentage of DPPH radical (78 to 95%).
Antioxidant and Antifungal Activity of Some Medicinal Plant Extracts
2017
In this study, the antioxidant and antifungal activities of extracts of Tabernaemontana alternifolia, Thuja occidantalis and Cajanus cajan were recognized. Total yields, radical scavenging activity and the antioxidant property of the extracts were investigated. The free radical scavenging activities of extract was documented as 41.3 ± 2.1 to 76.9 ± 6.1%, likewise. The antioxidant capacity of extracts was recognized between 153.4 ± 10.1 to 336.7 ± 24.2 mg/g extract. This extract was explored for antifungal activity by paper disc method against 2 fungi by using flucanazole as a standard drug. The 0.5 % level of Tabernaemontana alternifolia extract exhibited 100% inhibition till the 7th day of incubation when compare to control (Ascorbic acid). Statistical variances within fungi were significant at p<0.05. The extract was to some extent effective against all the fungi used in experiment.
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2011
The use of plant extracts could be a useful alternative to synthetic fungicides in the management of rot fungi during postharvest handling of fruit and vegetables. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro and in vivo activity of extracts obtained from nine wild edible herbaceous species (Borago officinalis, Orobanche crenata, Plantago coronopus, P. lanceolata, Sanguisorba minor, Silene vulgaris, Sonchus asper, Sonchus oleraceus, and Taraxacum officinale) against some important postharvest pathogens, i.e. Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia laxa, Penicillium digitatum, P. expansum, P. italicum, Aspergillus carbonarius, and A. niger. Phenolic composition of all extracts was evaluated by HPLC. Several derivatives of caffeic acid, of the flavones apigenin and luteolin, and of the flavonols kaempferol and quercetin, were identified. Extracts from S. minor and O. crenata showed the highest efficacy in all the trials. In particular, S. minor completely inhibited in vitro the conidial germination of M. laxa, P. digitatum, P. italicum, and A. niger and strongly reduced those of B. cinerea; O. crenata extract showed a lower but still significant reduction of conidial germination on all the tested fungi. Moreover, the extracts from both species were effective in reducing the germ tube elongation also when a slight inhibition of conidial germination was observed. In many cases, a dose effect was observed, with an increase of antifungal activity as the phenolic concentration increased. In trials performed on wounded fruit, S. minor extract completely inhibited brown rot on apricots and nectarines; O. crenata extract strongly reduced grey mould, brown rot, and green mould on table grapes, apricots and nectarines, and oranges, respectively. The inhibition efficacy of extracts was ascribed to the presence of some caffeic acid derivatives and/or flavonoids. HPLC phenolic analyses provided useful information to identify the possible active compounds.
SN Applied Sciences, 2019
The contamination of foodstuffs by fungi and their mycotoxins, emergence of resistance to fungicides and unwanted side effects of pesticides on human and animal health currently present a challenge for researchers to create and innovate new and better solutions to fight against mycotoxigenic fungi with less harmful effects on the consumer and the environment. In the context of the valorization of natural products, this study aimed, first, to determine the phytochemical composition of methanolic and aqueous extracts of Pistacia lentiscus, Artemisia herba-alba and Citrullus colocynthis and, second, to evaluate the antifungal potential and antioxidant capacity of these extracts. The extraction of crude active compounds from selected plant species was carried out by methanolic and aqueous maceration. Antifungal activity against five fungal strains (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, Fusarium graminirium, Aspergillus ochraceus and Penicillium expansum) was evaluated by the dilution method in solid medium. Analysis of antioxidant activity was carried out by three tests, namely, the inhibition of ABTS •+ radical cation, trapping of DPPH • radical and reduction of Fe 2+ (FRAP). The results show that the crude extracts were rich in bioactive compounds and that the crude methanolic and aqueous extracts of A. herba-alba were the most active against the tested fungal strains and had a percentage of inhibition exceeding 8%. Regarding antioxidant activity, all the extracts exhibited remarkable antioxidant potential in the tests used. The methanolic extract of A. herba-alba had the highest iron-reducing capacity. The results show that the studied medicinal plants could be a good alternative for protecting foodstuffs against toxigenic fungi.
The purpose of this study was to assess levels of phenols and flavonoids and determine the antioxidant potential of 36 aromatic and medicinal plants from the southwest of Morocco. The antifungal activity against the growth of Penicillium digitatum, the causal agent of citrus green mold, was studied in 11 species that showed high antioxidant power. The analysis of total phenols showed that leaves of Pistacia atlantica and Periploca laevigata contained 63.73 μg cafeic acid equivalent (CAE)/mg of dry weight (DW). The resin of P. atlantica and the whole plant Cistus villosus content was 60.93 μg CAE/mg DW. Ceratonia siliqua, Pistacia lentiscus also had high levels of total phenols; 56.80 and 54.80 μg CAE/mg DW respectively. The flavonoids content ranged from 1.41μg rutine equivalent (RE)/mg DW in extract of Senecio antheuphorbium to 31.77 mg RE/mg DW in that of Rhamnus alaternus. The antioxidant activity of plant extracts was above 80% for P. atlantica, C. villosus, Rumex thyrsoides, Vitis vinifera, Rhus tripartita, Rhus pentaphylla and P. lentiscus. Five plants (C. villosus, Ononis natrix, Rosa canina, P. atlantica and Lawsonia inermis) showed strong antifungal activity that could be related to their antioxidant activity.
Journal of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, 2013
Methanolic extracts of leaves of thompson seedless grape, flame seedless grape, zizyphus, pomegranate and fig were screened for their phytochemical constituents and also investigated for their antifungal activity in vitro against phytopathogenic fungi, Alternaria solani, Botrytis cinerea, Botrytis fabae, Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani. Phytochemical screening of crude methanolic extracts revealed the presence of terpenes, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, carbohydrate or glycosides, phenolic glycosides and resins in all extracts, while saponins were not detected from any extracts except zizyphus and fig. Zizyphus leaves had the highest concentration of total polyphenols and total flavonoids content which were 147.47 mgGAE/g and 16.35 mgQE/g, respectively. HPLC analysis identified twelve polyphenolic compounds; pyrogallic acid, gallic acid, protocatechuic, catechin, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, phenol, o-coumaric acid, salicylic acid, coumarin, quercetin and cinnamic acid. All extracts contained protocatechuic, catechin, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, o-coumaric acid and coumarin with different concentrations. The methanolic extract of zizyphus leaves had the greatest inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of B. fabae by 95.56% at 4 mg/ml. Also, extract of pomegranate caused remarkable reduction on the fungal growth (94.44%) of B. fabae at 4 mg/ml, while fig extract caused 91.11% inhibition against the same fungus at the same concentration. F. oxysporum and F. solani were the most resistant fungi against all methanolic extracts tested.