Ameliorative Effect of Grewia tenax (Forssk) Fiori Fruit Extract on CCl4-Induced Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Rats (original) (raw)
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International journal of healthcare and medical sciences, 2023
Plant parts play a crucial function to protect organisms from the toxic/carcinogenic effects of some compounds. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of Graviola aqueous extract (GAE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) which induced hepatic injury in rats. Thirty male albino Wistar rats were divided into five groups: group I was used as controls, group II received daily GAE (300 mg/kg bw) alone orally for six weeks, group III received by IP injection CCl 4 in olive oil (50% V/V, 2 ml/kg bw), twice a week for two weeks, group IV, CCl 4 +GAE (curative group) injected CCl 4 twice a week for two weeks then concomitant with GAE (300 mg/kg BW) daily for next four weeks, and group V, GAE+CCl 4 (prophylactic group), received GAE, 300 mg/kg/day once daily orally four weeks, then concomitant with CCl 4 twice a week for next two weeks. The obtained results showed that the administration of CCl 4 caused hepatotoxicity as monitored by the significant (p≤0.05) increase in the levels of hepatic markers enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, ALT, aspartate aminotransferase, AST and alkaline phosphatase, ALP), total bilirubin (TB) and a decrease in hematological parameters such as white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), and blood platelet count (PLT). Also, our results showed that CCl 4 caused a significant (p≤0.05) increase in oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, MDA, reactive oxygen species, ROS, nitric oxide, NO), pro-inflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α,) level, and proapoptotic markers caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-like protein 4 (Bax). Furthermore, a significant (p≤0.05) decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), reduced glutathione (GSH), and an antiapoptotic agent B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was observed in liver tissue. The detected CCl 4 effects were normalized by GAE administration, either a prophylactic or curative dose. Besides, GAE reduced the histopathological changes induced by CCl 4 .In conclusion, GAE was effective in both protecting and enhancing the liver deficits induced by CCl 4 through many potential mechanisms including antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic properties. Therefore, Graviola extracts up to 300 (mg/kg bw) could be considered a promising hepatoprotective supplement but more human clinical trials are also needed to validate the findings of the current research.
Antioxidant Property of Plant an Indication for Hepatoprotective Activity
2012
Liver, the largest organ in the body is being evolv ed to maintain the body’s internal milieu and also pro tect itself from the challenges it faces during its functioning. Since it is involved in the biochemical conversio ns of various endogenous and exogenously administered/ingested substances, there is a possibility of generation of various highly reactive species of fr ee radicals. However, it has an inbuilt system like tissue glutathione (GSH), etc to scavenge them off . Inspite of this the free radicals generated by some hepatotoxins like CCl4 may overpower the protective mechanism of the live r and cause hepatic damage. Though the modern medicinal system has grown phenomenally, the drug f or treating hepatic disease is still a dream. Hence , people are looking at the traditional systems of me dicine for remedies to hepatic disorders.
EVALUATION OF HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF MARKETED HERBAL DRUG PREPARATION
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the protective effect of marketed herbal preparation (Duliv) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced liver damage in Albino rats. Administration with Duliv Tablet (100mg/kg p.o.)and Duliv Syrup 0.64 ml/100 gm for 15 days significantly reduced the impact of CCl4 toxicity on the serum markers of liver damage, SGPT,SGOT, albumin,protein , cholesterol and alkaline phosphatase.The histopathological studies in the liver of rats also supported that Duliv tablet and Duliv syrup markedly reduced the toxicity of CCl 4 and preserved the histoarchitecture of the liver tissue to near normal. Thus, the results suggest that Duliv preparation acts as a potent hepatoprotective agent against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of standardized herbal extracts
Pharmacognosy Magazine, 2012
Acacia catechu have been shown to possess widespread pharmacological application against multitude of diseases namely cancer, diabetes, liver disorders, and oxidative stress. Objective: We evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of the standardized herbal extracts against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BH) induced toxicity and their mechanism of hepatoprotective action in human hepatocarcinoma cells (HepG2 cell line). Materials and Methods: The hepatoprotective activity was studied by observing the effect of these herbal extracts on t-BH induced reduction in cell viability of HepG2 cells. In addition, the reducing power of the extracts and their ability to scavenge free radicals were evaluated using two antioxidant assay systems: cell free [oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and [2,2'-azino-bis(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonicacid)] (ABTS)] and cell based [cellular antioxidant activity (CAA)]. Results and Discussion: The results obtained showed that these extracts possess significant hepatoprotective activity. This may indicate that the plant extracts contain compounds, which can remove toxic metabolites following t-BH induced toxicity. The extracts exhibited significant antioxidant property as evident by the Trolox values and effective scavenging of DPPH and ABTS radicals. The extracts also demonstrated inhibition of AAPH-induced fluorescence in HepG2 cells. These results indicate the ability of the plant extracts to protect the liver cells from chemicalinduced damage, which might be correlated to their radical scavenging potential. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that these extracts have potential hepatoprotective activity which is mainly attributed to the antioxidant potential, which might occur by reduction of lipid peroxidation and cellular damage.
ABSTRACT The liver is a vital organ in the body. It plays a major role in metabolism, including ridding the body of substances that would otherwise be injurious if allowed to accumulate, and excretion of xenobiotics from the body. The endogenous antioxidants defenses from reactive oxygen species are strengthened by natural antioxidants and restore the optimal balance by neutralizing reactive species. The present study aims to highlight on hepatotoxic agents, and prevention of hepatic disorders using Curcuma longa, Trigonella foenumgraecum, Allium sativum, Coffea arabica, Petroselinum crispum, Olea europaea leaves, and Mentha piperita. Curcuma longa showed that hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicity induced by paracetamol, diethyl nitrosamine, CCl4, and gentamicin. Also, the hepatoprotective effect of Trigonella foenumgraecum seeds has been elucidated against hepatic disorders induced by γ-radiation, monosodium glutamate, ethanol, CCl4, AlCl3, and diabetes. Allium sativum has been used in the treatment of hepatic disorders. The hepatoprotective effect of Allium sativum has been confirmed against oxidative damage and hepatic toxicity of D-galactosamine, lipopolysaccharide, ethanol, and CCl4, which may be due to the presence of organosulfur compounds. Coffea arabica intake has been inversely related to the incidence of liver diseases. Petroselinum crispum showed a hepatoprotective effect against hepatic disorders induced by CCl4 and diabetes, which may be due to their high content of antioxidants. The leaves of Mentha piperita showed a good hepatoprotection against hepatopathy induced arsenic, anti-tuberculosis drugs, and CCl4 which may be due to their high content of phenolics and flavonoids. Olea europaea leaves extract significantly ameliorated pathophysiological changes induced in the liver by diazinon, carbendazim, and γ-irradiation in rats. It can be concluded that administration of Curcuma longa, Trigonella foenumgraecum, Allium sativum, Coffea arabica, Petroselinum crispum, Olea europaea leaves, and Mentha piperita showed a remarkable hepatic protection against hepatotoxic agents, which may be due to its antioxidant properties of these medicinal plants and herbs. So, Human expose to hepatotoxic agents and the patients with hepatic disorders should be advised to take these medicinal plants and herbs.
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2012
In the present study, protective effects of grape seed extract (GSE) have been evaluated on carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Forty Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups. Group I was used as control and received liquid paraffin (1 ml/kg, i.p.). Rats in group II were injected every other day with CCl 4 (1 ml/kg body weight, i.p.) for 1 month, whereas rats in group III were pretreated orally with GSE (500 mg/kg, p.o.) 7 days before CCl 4 injection every other day for 1 month. Groups IV and V were prophylactically treated with GSE (500 mg/kg, p.o.) and silymarin (25 mg/kg, p.o.) for 1 month, respectively. At the end of the experiment, all animals were killed by decapitation and blood samples were obtained. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), total and conjugated bilirubin levels were determined. Hepatic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS, as index of lipid peroxidation) content, reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities of enzymatic antioxidants; glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were determined. For histopathological evaluation, livers of all rats were removed and processed for light microscopy. All biochemical parameters in serum and the hepatic TBARS were significantly higher while enzymatic antioxidants, GSH-Px, SOD, catalase and hepatic GSH were significantly lower in animals treated with CCl 4 than in the controls. Rats treated with CCl 4 and GSE showed a significant reduction in biochemical parameters in serum and hepatic TBARS content. Silymarin used as reference standard also exhibited significant hepatoprotective activity against CCl 4. Livers of rats treated with CCl 4 showed classic histology of cirrhosis, whereas the histopathological changes were reduced after administration of CCl 4 and GSE. Results of this study revealed that GSE could afford a significant protection against CCl 4-induced hepatotoxicity. GSE had a similar protective effect when compared with silymarin.
Inflammopharmacology, 2011
The in vitro hepatoprotective effect of the methanolic extract from Ficus gnaphalocarpa (Miq.) Steud. ex A. Rich (Moraceae) on the CCl 4 -induced liver cell damage as well as the possible antioxidant mechanisms involved in this protective effect, were investigated. The phytochemical investigation of this methanolic extract led to the isolation of six compounds identified as: betulinic acid (1); 3-methoxyquercetin (2); catechin (3); epicatechin (4); quercetin (5); and quercitrin . The hepatoprotective activity of these compounds was tested in vitro against CCl 4 -induced damage in rat hepatoma cells. In addition, radical-scavenging activity, b-carotene-linoleic acid model system, ferric-reducing antioxidant parameter and microsomal lipid peroxidation assays were used to measure antioxidant activity of crude extract and isolated compounds. Silymarin and trolox were used as standard references and, respectively, exhibited significant hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. (5), (6) and showed significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities as indicated by their ability to prevent liver cell death and lactate dehydrogenase leakage during CCl 4 intoxication. These results suggest that the protective effects of crude extract of F. gnaphalocarpa against the CCl 4induced hepatotoxicity possibly involve the antioxidant effect of these compounds.
Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Oxalis debilis Kunth in carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4)-induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss albino mice. Methods: Hepatotoxicity was induced by CCl 4 30% in olive oil (1 ml/kg intraperitoneally). Mice were treated with aqueous extract of O. debilis at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight orally for 14 days. There were two groups, pre-treatment (once daily for 14 days before CCl 4 intoxication) and post-treatment (2, 6, 24, and 48 hrs after CCl 4 intoxication). The observed effects were compared with a known hepatoprotective agent, silymarin. Results: Pre-treatment and post-treatment groups of aqueous extract of O. debilis significantly reduced elevated serum levels of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, and bilirubin and increased the level of total protein as compared to CCl 4-treated group. The histopathological study also confirms the hepatoprotection. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical analysis of the plant revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that O. debilis can be used as safe, cheap, and alternative preventive and protective drugs against liver injury. The protective effect observed could be attributed to the presence of various phytochemicals which are responsible for the restoration of liver damage.
Nigerian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2022
Ficus platyphylla (Gutta percha tree) is used in Nigerian traditional medicine for treating pain and psychosis. This study evaluated the protective effect of methanol stem bark extract of Ficus platyhylla (MEFP) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury in Wistar rats. Rats were allotted into six groups namely normal control, negative control, standard drug (silymarin) and extract treated (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg p.o. respectively) groups. Treatment was administered for 7 days. Animals in groups II-VI received a single dose of CCl4 (1:1) p.o. in olive oil at 1.5 ml/kg body weight after last treatment. Experimental rats were sacrificed after 24 hours of CCl4 administration and blood samples collected for determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Supernatant of liver homogenate was used to determine activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Results indicate increased ...
Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Activity of Traditional Herbal Formulation
sadgurupublications.com
An indigenous herbal formulation containing Cichorium intybus (Wild chicory seed), Sphaeranthus indicus (East Indian globe thistle), Rosa gallica (Red rose petals), Swertia chirata (Chirata), Coriandrum sativum (Coriander), Smilax chinensis (China root), Rheum emodi (Indian rhubarb) and water was investigated for hepatoprotective activity on experimentally induced liver injury with carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4) (0.7 mL/kg body weight, intra peritoneal for 7 days). The hepatoprotective activity of the test formulation was evaluated by the assay of liver functioning biochemical parameters (total bilirubin, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (SALP) and liver weight). The toxic effect of carbon tetrachloride was controlled significantly by restoration of the levels of total bilirubin, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (SALP) and liver weight as compared to the normal (control) and the standard drug (Liv52) treated groups. Histology of the liver sections of the animals treated with the test formulation showed the presence of normal hepatic cords, absence of necrosis and fatty infiltration, which further evidenced the hepatoprotective activity.