Bio-based composites from waste agricultural residues (original) (raw)
Related papers
A review on the mechanical properties of bio waste particulate reinforced polymer composites
Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021
The growing ecological awareness throughout the world has activated a standard change towards designing better performance materials well-matched to the surroundings. Bio waste particulates like coconut shell, coir pith, groundnut shell, and cashew nut shell, etc., have a great potential as reinforcement in polymer resin matrix (thermosetting and thermoplastic). These bio waste particulates have many advantages such as low cost, low weight, high toughness and hardness, good thermal properties, lower pollution, and biodegradability over conventional reinforcing particulates. The properties of bio waste particulates reinforced polymer composites vary with geometry of particles as well as particulate's structure. However, numbers of drawbacks of bio waste particulate reinforced polymer composites were higher moisture absorption tendency, lower impact strength, and inferior fire resistance. In this review paper, a comprehensive review about the properties of natural bio waste particulates used as potential reinforcing agent in polymer composites is presented. Research works reported on mechanical behaviours of particulate reinforced polymer composites are presented.
Composites are replacing traditional materials due to their high strength, low thermal expansion, and low weight. New polymer composite materials are being developed daily. Composite materials make up the majority of engineering materials and are used in everything from household items to automobiles. The automotive industry requires renewable and/or biodegradable composites. Natural filler reinforcement instead of synthetic fibre in thermosetting matrices like epoxy resin reduces weight, density, and cost. Compression molding was used to create epoxy/ sugar cane trash composites. The plate-shaped composite samples were made. The weight percent of sugar cane trash in the sample ranged from 10% to 22%. The fabricated plates were profiled to ASTM standards. Mechanical properties like tensile, flexural, and impact strength are assessed.
PREPARATION AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF EPOXY BASED COMPOSITE DEVELOPED BY BIOWASTE MATERIAL
Increasing concern about environment has made scientist and engineers very eager in their search for environmental friendly materials. So lot of research is going on today in the field of material science to develop newer materials. Natural fibers are getting much attention of researchers, engineers and scientists as reinforcement in the polymer matrix to develop natural fiber reinforced polymer composites. In the present work an attempt has been made to develop natural fibers reinforced polymer matrix composite. Advantages of using natural fibers are density reduction, cost savings and less weight to strength ratio. Composites with 10, 20 and 30 wt % coconut shell powder epoxy composites have been fabricated using Hand layup technique. Mechanical properties of these composites have been analyzed in detail.
2019
Efforts have been directed toward developing and characterizing natural fibers and fillers filled hybrid bio-composites through different combinations and modifications of constituent materials that consists of epoxy as matrix, sugarcane bagasse fibers, rice husk ash and nanosilica particulates. The interrelation behaviors between the matrix and the reinforcing phases are obtained through characterizations and experimentation using tensile and flexural tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and XRD tests
IRJET- , 2021
Composites are replacing traditional materials due to their high strength, low thermal expansion, and low weight. New polymer composite materials are being developed daily. Composite materials make up the majority of engineering materials and are used in everything from household items to automobiles. The automotive industry requires renewable and/or biodegradable composites. Natural filler reinforcement instead of synthetic fibre in thermosetting matrices like epoxy resin reduces weight, density, and cost. Compression molding was used to create epoxy/ sugar cane trash composites. The plate-shaped composite samples were made. The weight percent of sugar cane trash in the sample ranged from 10% to 22%. The fabricated plates were profiled to ASTM standards. Mechanical properties like tensile, flexural, and impact strength are assessed.
Journal of the Institute of Engineering
The efficacy of reinforcement of polyester resin matrix composites with agro waste particles to effect improvement on the disadvantage of low mechanical properties for optimal performance was studied. 5-25 wt. % of coconut shell, periwinkle shell, and cow bone particles were applied in reinforcing unsaturated polyester resin matrix by mould casting and the microstructural and mechanical characteristics of the composites were evaluated. There was uniform distribution of the agro waste particles in the polymer composites matrix from the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) result. The hybrid composite at 15 wt. % reinforcement demonstrated the highest mechanical properties in terms of ultimate tensile strength (66.73 MPa), flexural strength (76.76 MPa), hardness (87.76 BHN), and impact energy (23.16 J). This shows the efficacy of hybridisation and the high potential of the composite for wider applications.
Elsevier , 2018
In this research work, the natural biodegradable fibers are extracted from the environmental wastage and utilized to develop as a new alternative plant based fiber composite material. In this work, two combinations are considered for evaluating the performance of composite materials which contains renewable natural resources. Firstly, short bio degradable reinforcement materials such as Coconut Shell Powder (CSP), Rice Husk Powder (RHP), Sugarcane Baggase Ash (SCBA) and Fungi (FG) are homogeneously milled by planetary milling machine to a powder form with the particles size range in micron level is reinforced with natural resin as Moringa Resin (lum of moringa plant Moringa oleifera) matrix material. Secondly with the Synthetic Resin as Vinyl Ester (VE) matrix material. The composite specimens are manufactured by the hand layup method with the composition of 40% of reinforcement and 60% of matrix material in constant proposition is used for the preparation of specimens. Finally, the particle size of manufactured specimens is determined by using the optical microscopy and density is measured with help of density measurement kit. The specimens are subsequently tested and the results are noticed simultaneously. It is seen thatthe natural matrix material tensile strength improved as compared to that of synthetic matrix material which can be suggested to use as a possible alternate material for thetrust areas of engineering applications.
Plant waste reinforced epoxy composite: A short review on tensile and flexural strength
International Conference of Chemistry and Petrochemical Techniques (ICCPT)
In addition to their high availability and economical effectiveness, natural additives were aimed to have positive environmental influences; therefore, it is used as reinforcing material for most the polymeric composites. Particles from different natural plant sources were used as reinforcing fillers with different weight fractions to produce more green epoxy matrix composites. Here, we aim to introduce a short useful review of epoxy resin reinforced by natural fillers from agricultural waste sources covering the level of appropriate particle size and fillers loads (weight fractions) and improved values of flexural and tensile properties of these composites. Reviewed results show that flexural and tensile strengths of natural fillers reinforced epoxy composites are stronger compared to unreinforced epoxy. Results of surveyed studies also indicated decreasing tensile and flexural properties related to increases in volume fraction and particle size of the filler.
Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 2020
In the recent years, many researches focus on “waste to wealth” concept, where agro-waste is converted into various valuable products especially on natural fiber polymeric composites. Selected fibers for this research were rice husk (RH) and coconut husk (CH). This research focused on the property enhancement of RH-CH fiber reinforced epoxy composites and comparison RH reinforced epoxy composites, CH reinforced epoxy composites, and RH-CH reinforced epoxy composites. RH-CH reinforced epoxy composites were well-fabricated by mixing epoxy resin and different ratios of two types natural fibers via compression molding and stir casting methods. All the fabricated RH-CH reinforced epoxy composites were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Vickers Hardness Test (VHT), and tensile test (TT). FTIR results showed that 10wt% RH-CH reinforced epoxy composites created the strongest covalent bonding between cellulose inside RH-CH ...
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2020
https://www.ijert.org/fabrication-and-comparative-study-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-epoxy-based-polymer-composites-with-coconut-shell-powder-and-rice-husk-powder-as-filler-materials https://www.ijert.org/research/fabrication-and-comparative-study-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-epoxy-based-polymer-composites-with-coconut-shell-powder-and-rice-husk-powder-as-filler-materials-IJERTV9IS070096.pdf In the course of recent decades, natural substances have been accepting extensive consideration as the substitute for manufactured fiber reinforcement, for example, glass in plastics. The utilization of naturally filled polymer composites has been impressively considered both from a logical and a business perspective, as these materials are fundamentally alluring appealing for their decreased ecological effect furthermore the all-around wonderful esthetic properties, mostly due to their ease, low thickness, and high-explicit properties and they are biodegradable or we can say perishable and non-rough during preparing, and so on. The current exploration work has been embraced, to investigate the capability of coconut shell powder and crop residue as specific rice husks as a fortifying material in polymer composites and to examine its impact on the mechanical conduct of the subsequent composite. So the point is to blend and creates a composite with natural filler material and to lead different mechanical tests and to analyze diverse filler material based manufactured composite.