Evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity of bark extracts of Terminalia arjuna (original) (raw)
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Evaluation of In vitro Antioxidant Activity of Some Plants of Cachar District, Assam
Pharmacognosy Journal, 2010
To uncover the antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity, five different extracts of Terminalia arjuna bark were examined. In the present study, the free radical scavenging potential of five extracts of the bark of Terminalia arjuna was assessed by measuring its capability for scavenging 2, 2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, hydrogen peroxide radical, nitric oxide radicals (NO), as well as its ability in reducing power capacity assessment, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, using appropriate assay systems compared to natural and synthetic antioxidants. Total antioxidant capacity, phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically. In DPPH free radical scavenging activity, the highest IC 50 value was showed by methanol extract with a value of 6.34 µg/ml followed by ethanol and petroleum ether having value of 7.76 and 25.63, respectively, as opposed to that of the scavenging effects of ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) of 5.698 and 8.816, respectively. Methanol extract showed highest activity having IC 50 value of 14.436 and 25.184 µg/ml in hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide scavenging assay, respectively. All the five fractions showed good reducing power and cupric reducing capacity with increasing concentration again taking methanol extract to the top position. The methanol extract yielded 817.488 ± 8.108 mg/g gallic acid equivalent phenolic content and 199.122 ± 8.282 mg/g Quercetin equivalent flavonoid content that was highest among five extracts. Methanol extract of T. arjuna was found to possess the highest total antioxidant capacity (415.925 ± 2.291) followed by ethanol (377.675 ± 1.889) mg/g Ascorbic Acid Equivalent, respectively. A linear correlation appeared between the total antioxidant capacity and the total phenolic contents of the extracts with good correlation coefficient (R 2 = 0.891). n-Hexane and chloroform extract showed least activity in all the measures. The results obtained beacon that T. arjuna is a potential source of antioxidants and thus could prevent many radical related diseases.
Bioactive Components and Antioxidant Properties of Terminalia arjuna L.Extracts
Journal of Food Processing & Technology, 2014
This work was carried out to investigate the antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging capacity of leaves and stem bark extracts of Terminalia arjuna (arjuna) prepared in aqueous ethanol (water: ethanol 20:80v/v) and aqueous methanol (water: methanol 20:80v/v) solvents. The extraction yields of extracts were ranged from 6.66-19.09g/100g (w/w) on dry weight basis. It was observed that arjuna extracts contained appreciable amount of TPC (6.02-11.00 g/100g, as gallic acid equivalent) and TFC (1.75-5.96 g/100g, as catechin equivalent) as well as exhibited good DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC 50 2.71-7.68 µg/ mL), inhibition of peroxidation (64.79-71.43%) and reducing power (0.001-1.584 mg/mL). The results of the present investigation clearly demonstrated the significant (p ≤ 0.05) variations in antioxidant properties of different solvent extracts of arjuna. It can be concluded from the results that arjuna extracts were good source of natural antioxidants.
Journal of Pharmacy and Nutrition Sciences, 2016
The free radicals and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) are known to induce oxidative stress and it has been implicated in the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory conditions, cancer and ageing. The activities associated with ROS can be delayed, prevented or removed by antioxidant compounds (natural or synthetic). The use of synthetic antioxidants restricted because of their known side effects such as liver damage and carcinogenesis. The aim of this study to evaluate in vitro antioxidant and acute oral toxicity of Terminalia arjuna extracts. The present finding reveals that the purified fraction at100 g/ml, showed maximum (91.32 ± 0.10 %,) DPPH radical scavenging effect in comparison with standard ascorbic acid (79.46 ± 0.10%) at the 10 g/ml concentration. The reducing power of the purified extract was found to be dose dependent. Food and water intake of the animals in test and control groups was found normal during the 14 day acute oral toxicity studies and no apparent changes were observed in the internal organs of both, the test and control groups, after gross necropsy. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude acetone extract revealed dominant presence steroids, terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids and tannins. TLC profile of the purified fraction revealed a single band of Rf 0.38, a characteristic feature of triterpenoids. The UV absorption maximum of the purified fraction was recorded at 194nm. The FT-IR spectrum indicated presence of aromatic rings 3421 (COOH), 2957 (alkanes, CH2 and CH3), 1726 (carbonyl), 1599 (carboxylic acid), and region between 1000-1300 stretching of CO , ester and ether carboxylic group. Thus, the isolated bioactive phytoconstituents form the bark extract of Terminalia arjuna could be used as natural anti-oxidants.
Screening of antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of Terminalia arjuna Roxb
The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021
This present work was carried out to quantify the total phenolic and total flavonoid content and to investigate the antioxidant activity free radical scavenging activities of leaf of extracts of Terminalia arjuna (arjuna). Leaf extracts of Terminalia arjuna were prepared by Soxhlet extraction and various extracts were used for in-vitro assays. The extraction yields of whereas Terminalia arjuna 3-12g/50g (w/w) on dry weight basis The qualitative phytochemical studies revealed presence of alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin, carbohydrates, glycosides in different extracts of Terminalia arjuna leaves. The results indicated the presence of higher phenolic and flavonoid content in aqueous leaf extracts of Terminalia arjuna. It was observed that Terminalia arjuna contained appreciable amount of TPC (37.696-42.229ugGAE/mg) and TFC (44.686-263.41ugQE/mg) as well as exhibited good DPPH radical scavenging activity (10.47-11.13ug/ml) and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity (9.49-11.32ug/ml). The results of the present investigation clearly demonstrated the significant variations in antioxidant properties of different solvents extract of Terminalia arjuna leaves. It can be concluded from results that arjuna extracts were good source of natural antioxidants.
2 XYZ Abstract: Terminalia arjuna, a well-known medicinal plant has extensively been used in Ayurvedic medicines to treat various diseases. The present study was investigated the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 70% acetone extract of Terminalia arjuna and to isolate and identify its certain phenolic constituents as well as assessment the antioxidant potential of purified compounds via two qualitative in vitro antioxidant assays (1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging (DPPH) and phosphomolybdenum as wall as total phenolic content was determined via Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Owing to the high antioxidant of the 70% acetone extract it undergoes successive fractionation via; diethyl ether, petroleum ether, CH Cl , EtOAc and n-BuOH. 2 2 n-BuOH sub-fraction undergoes chromatographic separation upon polyamide CC. to afforded three compounds (1-3), their structures were established via UV, IR, H and C-NMR analyses and identified as; gallic acid (1), 1 13 methy...
Pharmacognosy Research, 2015
Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in various pathological conditions. Synthetic antioxidants have adverse health effects, while many medicinal plants have antioxidant components that can prevent the harmful effects of ROS. Objectives: This study quantitatively determined the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant properties of ethanol extract of the stem bark of Terminalia glaucescens (EESTG). Materials and Methods: The objectives were achieved based on in vitro assays. Data were analyzed by Sigma Plot (version 11.0). Results: Using gallic acid as the standard compound, TPC value obtained was 596.57 mg GAE/mg extract. TFC content of EESTG, determined as quercetin equivalent was 129.58 mg QE/mg extract. Furthermore, EESTG significantly (P < 0.001) displayed higher reducing power activity than the standard compounds (ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene [BHT]). Total antioxidant capacity assay, measured by phosphomolybdate method, was 358.33 ± 5.77 mg butylated hydroxytoluene equivalents [BHTE]/mg extract. β-carotene-linoleate bleaching method affirmed the potency of EESTG because of its significantly (P < 0.001) higher anti-oxidant activity when compared with quercetin and BHT. Based on DPPH assay, EESTG displayed significantly (P < 0.001) higher activity than BHT, while the hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of BHT and quercetin significantly (P < 0.001) exceeded that of the extract, although EESTG still displayed a high level of activity obtained as 83.77% in comparison to 92.80% of the standard compounds. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate the presence of promisingly potent phytoconstituents in EESTG that have the capability to act as antioxidants and free radical scavengers.
ANTIMUTAGENIC (ANTICLASTOGENIC) AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF BARK EXTRACT OF TERMINALIA ARJUNA
Journal of Genetic Toxicology, 2008
The aim of the current study is to evaluate antimutagenic (anticlastogenic) and antioxidant activity of alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark (ATA).The preliminary phytochemical tests showed presence of glycoside, saponins, phytosterols (90.33%), polyphenols and tannins in alcoholic extract. Amount of polyphenols present in the extract was determined by using Folin-Ciocalteau's reagent. Due to its high polyphenolic contents the plant was explored for its antimutagenic (anticlastogenic) and antioxidant activity, Antioxidant property of the extract was determined by 1,1,Diphynyl,2-Picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) method, super oxide radical scavenging method and lipid peroxidation method using ascorbic acid as a standard. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was reported in terms of EC 50 valves , Antimutagenic activity was done in mice by micronucleus test. Mutagenicity was induced by administering cyclophosphamide (75mg/kg, p.o). The acute oral toxicity studies showed that the ATA was safe up to a dose of 1000mg/kg. In DPPH model the ATA had shown EC 50 of 2.491±0.16 where as ascorbic acid had shown EC 50 of 2.471±0.14 ; in case of superoxide radical scavenging method, ATA has shown EC 50 of 50.11±0.15, where as ascorbic acid has shown EC 50 of 40.5±0.39 and in lipid per oxidation method ATA has shown EC 50 of 71±0.25 where as ascorbic acid has shown EC 50 of 63±0.36. In Micronucleus test, alcoholic extract of T.arjuna (100mg/kg) showed significant reduction in percentage of micronucleus in both polychromatic erythrocytes and normochromatic erythrocytes and also ATA has showed significant reduction in P/N ratio. In conclusion these results suggest that alcoholic extract of Terminalia arjuna bark posses significant antimutagenic (anticlastogenic) activity.
Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, 2008
Objective To evaluate the antioxidant potential in herbal extract barks of five therapeutically important medicinal plants native to India, i.e. Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham., Buchanania lanzan Spreng., Aegle marmelos Corr., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC., and Cedrela toona Roxb. Methods Standardized aqueous alcoholic extracts from the selected barks having different target radicals, such as superoxide radical, nitric oxide, ABTS radical, and peroxidative decomposition of phospholipids, were prepared and screened by multiple in vitro assays. These extracts were also tested for total phenolic and tannin content and correlated with antioxidant capacity. Results Total phenolic and tannin contents were found to be the highest in C. nurvala (195 GAE mg/g and 218.3 mg/g CE). SOD mimetic activity was found to be the highest in Crataeva nurvula, although all barks showed activity more than 100 units/mg extract. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential was found to be the highest in Crataeva nurvala (83.4% inhibition of MDA formation/10 µg extract), and also showed a comparatively high NO quenching capacity (45.5% per 10 µg extract). The highest NO quenching potential was found in Aegle marmelos (47.3% per 10 µg extract). Cedrela toona showed the lowest LPO inhibitory potential and NO quenching capacity (50.5% and 30.5%, respectively). Buchanania lanzan, a medicinal plant extensively used for inflammatory disorders and Dalbergia sissoo also showed 72.5% and 69.1% LPO inhibitory potential/10 µg extract. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ranged from 0.24 to 0.39 mmol/L TEAC/mg extract, indicating that all the barks tested had ABTS +· radical quenching capacity. Conclusion Bark of Crataeva nurvula has the highest antioxidant capacity and a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and their plendic content was found.