Electrochemical behaviour study of laser deposited titanium-tin coatings on ASTM A29 steel in saline environment (original) (raw)
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Materials Today: Proceedings, 2021
Recent advances in titanium alloy applications in the offshore industry have been realized through the development of laser surface modification technique. The distinctive outcome of this technique has provided increase in the utilization of titanium in offshore drilling risers for special drilling operations and various subsea and tubing applications. In this work, surface mitigation and corrosion degradation of titanium alloy in aggressive sulfuric acid were investigated using electrochemical technique (linear potentiodynamic polarization) while the surface characterization (morphology) and phases of the resultant coatings were analyzed using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Prior to that, laser surface technique was used to fabricate Nickel-based powder on the substrate (Ti-6Al-4V). Results revealed that laser clad sample with high scan speed was more effective in improving the corrosion resistance compared to low scan speed. The enhanced corrosion resistance with high laser scan speed has been attributed to the presence of hard intermetallic compounds in the metallic coating.
Laser assisted titanium carbide (TiC) coating on AISI304 stainless steel
2013
The increasing interest in the betterment of wear resistance and hardness of surfaces that are in contact with abrasives or corrosive materials has accelerated the development of several techniques for creating protective coatings. In this project a search is done on what can be the possible coatings and which are the substrates over which this coating is feasible. TiC was found to be exhibiting a very high melting point and thermal stability, high hardness and excellent wear resistance, low coefficient of friction and high electrical and thermal conductivities and hence chosen to be the best coating available. The substrate that is chosen for coating is AISI304 stainless steel. For the laser treatment pulsed Nd-YAG laser is used. After the laser coating operation the phase changes was studied under SEM. Composition of the laser clad layers was obtained by XRD and the hardness was measured by using Vickers microhardness tester. The hardness of the coating increased to a substantial ...
Surface and Coatings Technology, 2016
Fe-C-Cr-Nb-B-Mo alloy powder and AISI 420 SS powder are deposited using laser cladding to increase the hardness for wear resistant applications. Mixtures from 0 to 100 wt.% were evaluated to understand the effect on the elemental composition, microstructure, phases, and microhardness. The mixture of carbon, boron and niobium in the Fe-C-Cr-Nb-B-Mo alloy powder introduces complex carbides into a Fe-based matrix of AISI 420 SS which increases its hardness. Hardness increased linearly with increasing Fe-C-Cr-Nb-B-Mo alloy, but substantial micro-cracking was observed in the clad layer at additions of 60 wt.%; related to a transition from a hypoeutectic alloy containing α-Fe/ α' dendrites with an (Fe,Cr) 2 B and γ-Fe eutectic to primary and continuous carbo-borides M 2 B (where M represents Fe and Cr) and M 23 (B,C) 6 carbides (where M represents Fe, Cr, Mo) with MC particles (where M represents Nb and Mo). The highest average hardness, for an alloy without micro-cracking, of 952 HV was observed in a 40 wt.% alloy. High stress abrasive scratch testing was conducted on all alloys at various loads (500, 1500, 2500 N). Alloy content was found to have a strong effect on the wear mode and the abrasive wear rate, and the presence of micro-cracks was detrimental to abrasive wear resistance.
Corrosion and wear phenomenon has been responsible for the gradual deterioration of components in industrial plants. This deterioration of components results in loss of plant efficiency, total shutdown and aggressive damage in a number of industries. Hence, surface modification and coating technique with enhanced surface properties is desirable. The study was designed to investigate the enhancement in the corrosion, hardness and wear properties of Al-Sn binary coatings on AISI 1015 steel by laser alloying technique using ytterbium laser system (YLS). A laser power of 1000 W, scanning speeds of 0.6 and 0.8 m/min, and alloy compositions of Al-75Sn, Al-50Sn and Al-25Sn were used in this study. Decrease in Sn content from 75 to 25% at different laser processing conditions resulted in improved properties. The enhanced properties were obtained at 75Al-25Sn alloy at laser power of 1000 W and speeds of 0.6 and 0.8 m/min. At optimum composition and speed of 0.8 m/min, there was enhancement of 53.63% in mi-crohardness. At scanning speed of 0.6 m/min, 75Al-25Sn alloy exhibited the highest polarization resistance, R p , (1.06 × 10 8 Ω cm 2); lowest corrosion current density, I corr , (3.12 × 10 −7 A/cm 2); and lowest corrosion rate, C r , (0.00363 mm/year) in 3.65 wt% NaCl solution. In addendum, significant reduction in wear volume loss of 75Al-25Sn alloy at 0.8 m/min was attributed to excellent wear resistance performance due to metastable intermetallic phases. This research has established the enhanced surface properties of laser alloyed Al-Sn binary coatings on AISI steel for engineering applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT), 2015
https://www.ijert.org/microstructure-wear-and-corrosion-characteristics-of-304-stainless-steel-laser-cladded-with-titanium-carbide https://www.ijert.org/research/microstructure-wear-and-corrosion-characteristics-of-304-stainless-steel-laser-cladded-with-titanium-carbide-IJERTV4IS080457.pdf Aiming to increase the wear resistance of 304 stainless steel alloy without significant losses in its corrosion resistance, it was YAG fiber laser cladded with TiC powder at fixed processing power of 2800 W and travelling speeds of 4, 8, and 12 mm/s. The TiC powder with a particle size of 3-10 μm were preplaced on the cleaned surface to form a layer of two different thicknesses; 1 and 2 mm. Argon gas was used as a shielding during and after laser cladding at flow rate of 15 L/min. Some of the TiC particles were melted and re-solidified as dendrites during the cladding processing. The amount of the dendritic TiC structure was increased by increasing of the travelling speed. The cohesion of the cladding layer with the substrate was improved with increasing the travelling speed. At lower travelling speed, cracks were appeared at both the interface and the heat affected zone. The TiC particles were clustered in the top portion of the cladding layer when the preplaced powder was 2 mm. The surface hardness and wear resistance were remarkably improved at all processing conditions, especially at higher travelling speeds. Moreover, the sample treated at travelling speed of 12 mm/s showed better corrosion resistance than the stainless steel substrate.
Microstructural evolution and corrosion properties of laser clad Ti-Ni on titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V)
Procedia Manufacturing, 2019
The use of Titanium alloys (Ti6Al4V) is highly evident in applications such as aerospace, automobile, marine and petrochemical environments owing to their outstanding specific strength to weight ration and good corrosion properties. Although they have high strength useful for fabrication of engineering components and movable parts in a mechanical system, Ti6Al4V are restricted to non-friction applications as a result of their low hardness and poor wear resistance. In this work, TiNi intermetallic hard coatings on Ti6Al4V alloy via coaxial laser cladding method. The effects of laser processing parameters on morphological evolution, microhardness and electrochemical behaviour were studied. The phase present and microstructural evolution were characterized using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) respectively. The corrosion behaviour of the synthesized hard coating was evaluated using potentiodynamic polarization technique in 0.5M H 2 SO 4. The microstructures showed no evidence of porosity, crack or initiation of stress.
Surface Features Changes and Corrosion Stability of Titanium Surfaces by Suitable Treatments
In this work, three different techniques are presented that deal with the formation of the TiO 2 films on titanium by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), electrochemical anodization and laser treatment. These techniques have some advantages in the growth stages, and produce films with different properties which recommend them for specific applications. The obtained TiO 2 films have specific properties regarding the morphology and the topography of the surface, crystallographic structures, wettability and the behaviour during immersion in an electrolyte. By CVD at 500°C the morphology of TiO 2 consisted in highly oriented columns, similar with the nanotube structure obtained by anodic oxidation. These two samples proved to be the most hydrophilic. By CVD at 300°C and laser treatment, the morphology of TiO 2 film consisted in compact and dense structures with higher values of contact angle. It was shown that TiO 2 films CVD deposited consist in a mixture of anatase and rutile, while the titania synthesized by anodization and laser treatment is mainly amorphous. The smoothest surfaces correspond to 300°C TiO 2 CVD elaborated sample, and the roughest one is the anodized sample. Corrosion resistance of these two samples was improved by two orders of magnitude. These different surface features of the obtained TiO 2 films highlighted the necessity to choose the appropriate technique for the target application.
Corrosion Performance and Surface Analyses of Laser Cladded Zn-Ni-Fe Coatings on ASTM A29 Steel
Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019
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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2018
Aluminium and its alloys have been successful metal materials used for many applications like commodity roles, automotive and vital structural components in aircrafts. A substantial portion of Al-Fe-Si alloy is also used for manufacturing the packaging foils and sheets for common heat exchanger applications. The present research was aimed at studying the morphology and surface analyses of laser deposited Al-Sn-Si coatings on ASTM A29 steel. These Fe-intermetallic compounds influence the material properties during rapid cooling by laser alloying technique and play a crucial role for the material quality. Thus, it is of considerable technological interest to control the morphology and distribution of these phases in order to eliminate the negative effects on microstructure. A 3 kW continuous wave ytterbium laser system (YLS) attached to a KUKA robot which controls the movement of the alloying process was utilized for the fabrication of the coatings at optimum laser parameters. The fabricated coatings were investigated for its hardness and wear resistance performance. The field emission scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) was used to study the morphology of the fabricated coatings and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) for the identification of the phases present in the coatings. The coatings were free of cracks and pores with homogeneous and refined microstructures. The enhanced hardness and wear resistance performance were attributed to metastable intermetallic compounds formed.
Laser surface cladding of Fe–B–C, Fe–B–Si and Fe–BC–Si–Al–C on plain carbon steel
Surface and Coatings Technology, 2006
In the present study, an attempt has been made to explore deposition of Fe-based amorphous/glassy layer on a plain carbon (AISI 1010) steel by laser surface cladding (LSC) to improve resistance of the substrate to wear and corrosion. Three known glass forming powder blends (under rapid solidification condition) with nominal compositions of 94Fe4B2C, 75Fe15B10Si and 78Fe10BC9Si2Al1C (all in wt.%) were deposited by LSC using a continuous wave Nd:YAG laser under optimum processing conditions determined by preliminary trials. Following LSC, the microstructure and mechanical properties (microhardness and wear resistance) were evaluated in details. Despite the rapid quenching accompanying LSC, none of the coatings developed/retained amorphous/glassy cladding possibly due to large-scale solute redistribution in the clad zone and/or between the clad layer and substrate. The clad microstructure is characterized by fine dispersion of nano/microcrystalline intermetallic and interstitial compounds/phases in ferritic matrix. Both microhardness and wear resistance showed a significant improvement, particularly after LSC with 94Fe4B2C. Potentiodynamic polarization studies in 3.56 wt.% NaCl solution showed that corrosion resistance of the substrate was remarkably improved by LSC with 94Fe4B2C, but slightly deteriorated after LSC with the other two coatings. Thus, it appears that LSC with 94Fe4B2C, among the present coatings, significantly enhances hardness and resistance to wear and corrosion of the substrate, though fails to develop/retain amorphous microstructure under the present laser processing condition.