Neuromuscular Training Improves Single-Limb Stability in Young Female Athletes (original) (raw)
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The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 2005
Background Among female athletes it has not been established whether a neuromuscular and proprioceptive sports-specific training program will consistently reduce the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries. Purpose To determine whether a neuromuscular and proprioceptive performance program was effective in decreasing the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury within a select population of competitive female youth soccer players. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods In 2000, 1041 female subjects from 52 teams received a sports-specific training intervention in a prospective non-randomized trial. The control group consisted of the remaining 1905 female soccer players from 95 teams participating in the same league who were age and skill matched. In the 2001 season, 844 female athletes from 45 teams were enrolled in the study, with 1913 female athletes (from 112 teams) serving as the age- and skill-matched controls. All subjects were female soccer pl...
Journal of athletic training
To determine the numbers needed to treat (NNT) and relative risk reduction (RRR) associated with neuromuscular training programs aimed at preventing noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, SPORT Discus, CINAHL, and Web of Science from 1966 through 2005 using the terms knee, injury, anterior cruciate ligament, ACL, prevention, plyometric, and neuromuscular training. Selected articles were from peer-reviewed journals written in English that described original research studies comparing neuromuscular training programs with control programs to determine the number of noncontact ACL injuries per event exposure or hours of playing time. Five studies met the inclusion criteria and were independently rated by 3 reviewers using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. Consensus PEDro scores ranged from 4 to 7 out of 10. We used numbers of subjects, ACL injuries, and injury exposure rates to calculate NNT and RRR for each...
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2007
Background: Neuromuscular training may reduce risk factors that contribute to ACL injury incidence in female athletes. Multi-component, ACL injury prevention training programs can be time and labor intensive, which may ultimately limit training program utilization or compliance. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of neuromuscular training on those classified as "high-risk" compared to those classified as "low-risk." The hypothesis was that high-risk athletes would decrease knee abduction moments while low-risk and control athletes would not show measurable changes.
2020
Injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is considered one of the most debilitating knee injuries which could occur in any young athlete. ACL injuries have short and longterm morbidity consequences, with all the negative impact in the individual wellbeing and health-system. Mitigation of the risk factors (e.g., knee valgus) through training are key in reducing the risk of an ACL injury. However, the majority of neuromuscular training programs require a time-intensive commitment and have a considerable level of complexity and intensity, thus reducing compliance to the programs AposTherapy is a unstable foot-worn biomechanical device which aims to alter alignment and enhance neuromuscular control but has the advantage as a simpler intervention. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of implementing an unstable footwear device, AposTherapy system, on lower limb biomechanics in recreational female athletes The study identified a significant reduction in knee valgu...
British Journal of Sports Medicine, 2012
Since previous numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) and relative risk reduction (RRR) report, a few studies were published to evaluate prophylactic effectiveness of neuromuscular training for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in female athletes. The purpose of the current analyses was to determine the effectiveness of neuromuscular training interventions in reducing both non-contact and overall ACL injury risk in female athletes through RRR and NNT. The keywords 'knee', 'anterior cruciate ligament', ' ACL', 'prospective', 'neuromuscular', 'training', 'female' and 'prevention' were searched to find studies published from 1995 to 2011 in PubMed and EBSCO (CINAHL, Health source, MEDLINE and SPORT Discus). Inclusion criteria required that relevant studies: recruited physically active young girls as subjects, documented the number of ACL injuries, employed a neuromuscular training intervention, and used a prospective controlled study design. The numbers of noncontact and overall ACL injuries, subjects and observation time period were used to calculate RRR and NNT for each study. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was a 73.4% (95% CI 62.5% to 81.1%) and 43.8% (95% CI 28.9% to 55.5%) of RRR for noncontact and overall ACL injuries. From the NNT analysis, it was determined that, respectively, 108 (95% CI 86 to 150) and 120 (95% CI 74 to 316) individuals would need to be trained to prevent one non-contact or one overall ACL injury over the course of one competitive season. Although the RRR analysis indicated prophylactic benefits of neuromuscular training, the relatively large NNT indicated that many athletes are needed to prevent one ACL injury. A future direction to reduce NNT and improve the efficiency of ACL injury-prevention strategies is to develop a screening system for identifying at-risk athletes.
OALib, 2022
Purpose: Mounting evidence supports the implementation of neuromuscular training (NMT) interventions to improve biomechanical profiles for prevention of musculoskeletal injury in dynamic pivoting athletes. Research has demonstrated there is a clear link between functional movement behavior and vulnerability to injury. However, there is limited research examining the capacity of NMT to positively influence pathomechanical movement behavior. This investigation assessed the strength, balance, and functional biomechanics of uninjured adolescent female athletes following an eight-week NMT intervention, which was conducted in order to expand upon research aimed at injury prevention in the lower quarter. Methods: 37 female soccer players ages 10-15 participated. Hip strength was measured with hand dynamometry, and single-leg stance modified balance (SLS M) was measured in multiple conditions. A 3-Dimensional Dynamic Movement Assessment (3D-DMA) system assessed lower quarter joint excursion during select functional loading tasks. Participants completed an 8-week, 16-session NMT intervention followed by repeated measurements. Results: Following the intervention, significant improvements were found in: hip abduction strength bilaterally (p = 0.000), hip extension strength bilaterally (p = 0.000), SLS M in eyes-closed condition bilaterally (p = 0.000), and DMA functional outcomes in the Full Squat Test (p = 0.019), Step-Up Test (p = 0.007), Single-Leg Squat Test (p = 0.000), and Single-Leg Hop Test (p = 0.000). Conclusions: These data indicate an 8-week NMT intervention is sufficient to elicit positive neuromuscular adaptations in the lower quarter associated with pathomechanical loading patterns. Such adaptations support improved function across a diversity of complex sport-related movements. More research
2013
Context: Deficits in lower limb kinematics and postural stability are predisposing factors to the development of knee ligamentous injury. The extent to which these deficits are present after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is still largely unknown. The primary hypothesis of the present study was that female athletes who have undergone ACL reconstruction and who have returned to sport participation would exhibit deficits in dynamic postural stability as well as deficiencies in hip-and knee-joint kinematics when compared with an age-, activity-, and sexmatched uninjured control group.
Clinics (São Paulo, Brazil), 2016
Anterior cruciate ligament injury leads to adaptive responses to maintain postural control. However, there is no consensus regarding whether leg dominance also affects postural control in athletes with anterior cruciate ligament injury. The purpose of this study was to evaluate dynamic and static postural control among athletes with and without anterior cruciate ligament injury to the dominant leg. Twenty-eight athletes, twenty-one males and seven females aged 15-45 years, were allocated to one of two groups: the anterior cruciate ligament injury group (26±3 years) or the control group without anterior cruciate ligament injury (25±6.5 years). All subjects performed one legged stance tests under eyes open and eyes closed conditions and squat and kick movement tests using a postural control protocol (AccuSwayPlus force platform, Massachusetts). The center of pressure displacement and speed were measured by the force platform. In addition, the distance traveled on the single-leg hop te...
Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
Background: Neuromuscular training (NMT) has been shown to attenuate high-risk biomechanics in uninjured athletes. At the time that athletes return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR), they demonstrate hip biomechanical deficits associated with injury to the reconstructed knee versus the uninjured contralateral knee. Purpose: The primary purpose of the study was to examine whether an NMT program can improve single-leg drop (SLD) landing hip biomechanics for athletes after ACLR. Secondarily, we compared the posttraining SLD hip biomechanics of athletes after ACLR with a control group of athletes who also completed the NMT program. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: A total of 18 ACLR and 10 uninjured athletes were recruited and completed a 12-session NMT program. A knee-specific questionnaire and biomechanics of an SLD task was evaluated for each athlete before and after NMT. Paired t tests were used to compare pre- and posttraining ...