The effect of positive thinking on resilience and life satisfaction of older adults: a randomized controlled trial (original) (raw)
Related papers
2018
Introduction: Nowadays, aging and its associated problems is a very important concern that has attracted the attention of different researchers with various scientific backgrounds to address this issue from various aspects. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive thinking on psychological well-being and Quality of Life (QOL) in the elderly. Materials and Methods: This semi-experimental study was carried out with pretest-posttest design using a control group and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of 80 elderly living in nursing centers in Lahijan, Iran in 2018. In this study, 30 subjects were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (n=15). Both groups completed the Ryff’s psychological well-being inventory and the QOL questionnaire. The experimental group was also subjected to positive thinking training. Finally, the collected data were analyzed by SPSS V. 22 software using the multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The result showed that positive thinking training increased the scores of psychological well-being (P<0.01). It also had a positive effect on the QOL of the experimental group compared with the control group (P<0.01), as it increased the QOL score of the experimental group, whereas the control group’s score did not change. Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, positive thinking training can increase psychological well-being and QOL in the elderly.
Resilience: enhancing well-being through the positive cognitive triad
Journal of counseling psychology, 2011
The present study tested whether the relationships among resilience, life satisfaction, and depression could be explained by positive views toward the self, the world, and the future (positive cognitive triad). Structural equation modeling and mediation analyses were conducted based on 1,419 college students in Hong Kong. The model of positive cognitive triad as mediator between resilience and well-being fit the data (comparative fit index ϭ .94, Tucker-Lewis index ϭ .93, root-mean-square error of approximation ϭ .08). Findings showed resilience to be significantly related to positive cognitions about the self, the world, and the future. Individuals who had higher level of resilience held significantly more positive cognitions and reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction and lower levels of depression. The utility of the positive cognitive triad as the mechanism through which resilience enhances well-being was supported. Applications in cultivating resilience and positive cognitions in counseling services are discussed.
Development and evaluation of the positive psychology intervention for older adults
The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2014
Although research suggests that positive psychology intervention can enhance subjective well-being and reduce depression, its effectiveness on older adults remains largely unknown. Therefore the present study aimed to develop and evaluate a custom-tailored positive psychology intervention program for older adults. The program offered nine-week group sessions to 74 older people recruited from district community centers and nursing homes in Hong Kong. The intervention program covers eight themes, including optimism, gratitude, savoring, happiness, curiosity, courage, altruism, and meaning of life. The participants consisted mostly of females aged between 63 and 105 years. One-group pre-test/post-test design was adopted to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention on depression, life satisfaction, gratitude, and happiness. Results revealed that the intervention reduced the number of depressive symptoms and increased the levels of life satisfaction, gratitude, and happiness. Effectiveness of the intervention is discussed in relation to self-awareness, education, self-reinforcement, and sensitivity to age and culture.
PERSPECTIVES FROM POSITIVE PSYCHOLOGY IN OLDER ADULTS: BRIEF LITERATURE REVIEW
Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, Vol. IV, Issue 1, 2016
AbstrAct The present review aims to determine the main findings concerning positive psychology in older adults. We used the electronic databases Web of Science and EBSCO, which were efficient tools to find the necessary heterogeneity for the selection of studies published between 2005 and 2015, through the following keywords: " Positive Psychology " and " Older ". After selecting 12 studies, they were assessed regarding the following information: (a) source; (b) setting; (c) number of older adults (participants); (d) average age (SD); (e) inclusion criteria for each study; (f) instruments; and (g) the results of our investigative question. The results show that interventions with a positive psychology approach are favorable to the reduction of symptoms (anxiety and depression) and the increase of well-being; and positive psychology constructs have the same impact on well-being and on reducing symptoms, portraying a promising approach to public health. Our investigation showed the necessity to develop a new perspective on aging. Some of the assessed studies reported that it is possible to achieve this with the inclusion of positive psychology, which can facilitate this development.
Positive Thinking in Coping with Stress and Health outcomes: Literature Review
This article reviews literature on positive thinking and its effect on the appraisal of stress, coping and health outcomes. Positive psychology is a new dimension that focuses on positive thinking, positive emotions and positive behavioral qualities that enhance human potential in various domains such as work, coping with stress and health. By thinking positively, we perceive the stress as less threatening, are able to cope with it effectively. Fredrickson's broaden and build theory of positive emotions was the theoretical framework for this article. Papers studying positive thinking, positive emotions, optimism, hope and wellbeing were included in the review. The implications for counselors, educationists and the community at large have also been discussed.
Psychosocial Intervention 29(3) 133-139, 2020
Emotional intelligence has been shown to be a relevant resource associated with better personal and social adaptation. In older adults, it has been associated with constructs such as life satisfaction and resilience, which are of interest in the field of gerontology because of their impact during the aging process. The objective of this study is to test an intervention based on emotional intelligence in order to find out whether the levels of these abilities improve, and whether the intervention has an effect on resilience and life satisfaction. The sample was composed of 125 healthy older adults (treatment, n = 57 and control, n = 68). The variables studied were homogeneous between groups. These variables were evaluated using the TMMS-24, SWLS, and BRCS self-report tests. The results showed significant effects of the intervention on the treatment group. Attention levels decreased significantly, whereas clarity and repair increased. In addition, the average scores on resilience and life satisfaction increased. An emotional intelligence-based intervention improves skills of older adults in its three dimensions. In addition, after the intervention, there is an increase in life satisfaction and resilience. Emotional intelligence skills are considered to generate positive, cognitive and behavioral outcomes for adaptation during aging. Thus interventions of this type could contribute to the quality of life of older adults, a topic of great relevance today due to increased longevity.
Examining the Positive Cognitive Triad: A Link Between Resilience and Well-Being
Psychological Reports, 2018
Extant literature links higher levels of resilience to overall well-being; however, the underlying mechanisms explaining this relation are unclear. Replicating and extending the study of Mak, Ng, and Wong, the present study investigated the ''positive cognitive triad'' of hope, world-view, and self-esteem as a possible mediator between resilience and well-being for the first time in an American sample. Participants (n ¼ 198) completed online surveys of self-esteem, hope, view of the world, and resilience. Consistent with expectations, the triad was a significant mediator of the relation between resilience and well-being. These findings underscore the importance of developing interventions targeting the positive cognitive triad and examining the triad within the context of mental illness. Limitations and areas for future research are discussed.
The Effect of Positive Thinking on Quality of Life and Resiliency of Cancer Patients
Razavi International Journal of Medicine, 2015
Background: Every individual's quality of life, well-being and mental health are certainly influenced by physical and psychological aspects. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of training positive thinking on quality of life and resiliency in female cancer patients hospitalized in Mashhad Omid hospital. Patients and Methods: This study was an interventional and experimental trial, including pre-and post-test. The target population in this study includes all female cancer patients, monthly 500 patients, hospitalized as outpatient (for a day) or inpatient (more than a week) in Omid hospital, Mashhad. Simple random sampling was used in this study. From the invited subjects, 55 patients accepted to participate in the classes. Using random number table, 30 subjects (15 patients as experimental group, and 15 as control group) were selected. The intervention was performed through eight sessions of one and a half to two hours, and continued for three weeks. After finishing positive thinking sessions, the post-test was conducted for both the experimental group who received intervention and control group who did not receive intervention. Two questionnaires including Conner-Davison resilience scale, 2003, and quality of life (SF-36) along with the primary questions about the individual characteristics were used to collect the required data. Results: To analyze the data, t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used. The result of this study showed that the positive thinking training course has a significant effect on resiliency (P = 0.00) and quality of life in cancer patients and changes are statistically significant (P = 0.00). These changes are the result of the effect of the independent variable. Conclusions: The overall results of this study reveal that positive thinking training courses can be used to increase the quality of life and resiliency of cancer patients.
Effectiveness of Teaching the Positive Thinking on the Quality of Life of Married Old Women
International journal of humanities and social sciences, 2016
The present study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of positive thinking training on quality of life in married elderly women. All married elderly women who referred to Zoroaster Women Organization in Tehran consisted the statistical population of the study. The participants were selected by a call and an available sampling method. 30 individuals the other individuals of the population in Quality of Life Questionnaire were selected as the sample of the study. Among the samples, 15 individuals were randomly assigned into experimental group and 15 individuals were randomly assigned into control group. And variable of control received no training. In this study, mean and standard deviation was used as descriptive statistic and covariance analysis was used for inferential statistics. The results of the present study showed there is a significant relationship between experimental and control groups after implementing positive thinking training in case of mental health and quality of life in post-test(P<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed positive thinking training increased mental health and quality of life in elderly married women.