Localization of the human gene encoding heterogeneous nuclear RNA ribonucleoprotein G (hnRNP-G) to chromosome 6p12 (original) (raw)
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Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 2001
Summary Ro ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) are autoantigens that result from the association of a 60-kDa protein (Ro60) with a small RNA (hY1, hY3, hY4 or hY5 in humans, mY1 or mY3 in mice). Previous studies localized Ro RNPs to the cytoplasm. Because Ro RNPs containing hY5 RNA (RohY5 RNPs) have unique biochemical and immunological properties, their intracellular localization was reassessed. Subcellular distribution of mouse and human Ro RNPs in intact and hY-RNA transfected cells was assessed by immunoprecipitation and Northern hybridization. Human RohY1−4 RNPs as well as murine RomY1, mY3 RNPs are exclusively cytoplasmic. Ro RNPs containing an intact hY5 RNA, but not those containing a mutated form of hY5 RNA, are found in the nuclear fractions of human and mouse cells. RohY5 RNPs are stably associated with transcriptionally active La protein and are known to associate with RoBPI, a nuclear autoantigen. Our results demonstrate that RohY5 RNPs are specifically present in the nucleus of c...
Mapping of the Human Ribosomal Large Subunit Protein Gene< i> RPL29 to Human Chromosome 3q29–qter
1997
sites may play an important role during the initial at-The human ribosomal protein L29, which we retachment of murine blastocysts to uterine epithelium ported previously, was subsequently shown to have and human trophoblastic cell lines to uterine epithethe same nucleotide sequence as that of cell surface lium cell lines. Expression of HIP has been described heparin/heparan sulfate-binding protein, designated in normal human lumenal epithelium, a location where HP/HS interacting protein. A polymerase chain reac-HIP may participate in embryo attachment (16). Memtion-based strategy was used to distinguish the funcbers of the L29 family may then be displayed on cell tional intron-containing gene RPL29 (HGMW-apsurfaces where they may participate in HP/HS-binding proved symbol) from multiple pseudogenes. By soevents. matic cell hybrid analysis, radiation hybrid mapping, Analysis of gene organization by Southern blotting and fluorescence in situ hybridization, we have loshowed that of the approximately 10 copies of RPL29, cated RPL29 on the telomeric region of the q arm of all but 1 are pseudogenes (15). To isolate and map the chromosome 3. RPL29 is the most distal marker of the functional copy and to distinguish it from the intronless long arm of chromosome 3. Of the human ribosomal pseudogenes, an intron-specific probe was synthesized protein genes mapped, RPL29 is the shortest distance according to the strategy adopted by Davies et al. (4) from another ribosomal protein gene marker, RPL35a and reported elsewhere (15). Here we applied fluoreswhich has also been mapped to the 3q29-qter region. cence in situ hybridization (FISH), somatic cell hybrid
Mapping of the Human Ribosomal Large Subunit Protein GeneRPL29to Human Chromosome 3q29–qter
Genomics, 1997
sites may play an important role during the initial at-The human ribosomal protein L29, which we retachment of murine blastocysts to uterine epithelium ported previously, was subsequently shown to have and human trophoblastic cell lines to uterine epithethe same nucleotide sequence as that of cell surface lium cell lines. Expression of HIP has been described heparin/heparan sulfate-binding protein, designated in normal human lumenal epithelium, a location where HP/HS interacting protein. A polymerase chain reac-HIP may participate in embryo attachment (16). Memtion-based strategy was used to distinguish the funcbers of the L29 family may then be displayed on cell tional intron-containing gene RPL29 (HGMW-apsurfaces where they may participate in HP/HS-binding proved symbol) from multiple pseudogenes. By soevents. matic cell hybrid analysis, radiation hybrid mapping, Analysis of gene organization by Southern blotting and fluorescence in situ hybridization, we have loshowed that of the approximately 10 copies of RPL29, cated RPL29 on the telomeric region of the q arm of all but 1 are pseudogenes (15). To isolate and map the chromosome 3. RPL29 is the most distal marker of the functional copy and to distinguish it from the intronless long arm of chromosome 3. Of the human ribosomal pseudogenes, an intron-specific probe was synthesized protein genes mapped, RPL29 is the shortest distance according to the strategy adopted by Davies et al. (4) from another ribosomal protein gene marker, RPL35a and reported elsewhere (15). Here we applied fluoreswhich has also been mapped to the 3q29-qter region. cence in situ hybridization (FISH), somatic cell hybrid
Biochemical Journal, 2000
Pre-mRNA processing in eukaryotes is thought to take place on a multitude of nuclear ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes, the most abundant of them being the heterogeneous nuclear (hn) RNP complexes. The identification in mammalian nuclear extracts of a novel, less-abundant 70-110 S heterogeneous RNP, named large heterogeneous nuclear RNP (LH-nRNP), has previously been reported by Aidinis, Sekeris and Guialis (1995) Nucleic Acids Res. 23, 2742-2753. The structural composition of the LH-nRNP complex has been determined following the production of polyclonal antibodies against the major protein constituents of the complex, the pair of the 72\74-kDa polypeptides. In the present study evidence is shown to prove that the 72\74-kDa proteins are members of the hnRNP M protein family, hereafter referred to as 72\74(M) polypeptides. The extensive application of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, combined with specific immunoprecipitation and immuno-
Genomics, 1995
The mammalian ribosome is a massive structure composed of 4 RNA species and about 80 different proteins. One of these ribosomal proteins, $3, appears to function not only in translation but also as an endonuclease in repair of UV-induced DNA damage. Moreover, the first intron of human RPS3 transcripts is processed to generate U15A, a small nucleolar RNA. We localized the nested RPS3/U15A genes to the immediate vicinity of DllS356 and DllS533 on human chromosome 11q13.3-q13.5 using a combination of somatic cell hybrid analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and YAC/STS content mapping. These findings add to the evidence that genes encoding ribosomal proteins are scattered about the human genome.
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 1995
Molecular cDNA cloning, two-dimensional gel immunoblotting, and amino acid microsequencing identified three sequence-unique and distinct proteins that constitute a subfamily of ubiquitously expressed heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins corresponding to hnRNPs H, H, and F. These proteins share epitopes and sequence identity with two other proteins, isoelectric focusing sample spot numbers 2222 (37.6 kDa; pI 6.5) and 2326 (39.5 kDa; pI 6.6), indicating that the subfamily may contain additional members. The identity between hnRNPs H and H is 96%, between H and F 78%, and between H and F 75%, respectively. The three proteins contain three repeats, which we denote quasi-RRMs (qRRMs) since they have a remote similarity to the RNA recognition motif (RRM). The three qRRMs of hnRNP H, with a few additional NH 2-terminal amino acids, were constructed by polymerase chain reaction amplification and used for ribohomopolymer binding studies. Each qRRM repeat bound poly(rG), while only the NH 2-terminal qRRM bound poly(rC) and poly(rU). None of the repeats bound detectable amounts of poly(rA). The expression levels of hnRNPs H and F were differentially regulated in pairs of normal and transformed fibroblasts and keratinocytes. In normal human keratinocytes, the expression level of H was unaffected by treatment with several substances tested including two second messengers and seven cytokines. Likewise the
A map of 75 human ribosomal protein genes
1998
We mapped 75 genes that collectively encode >90% of the proteins found in human ribosomes. Because localization of ribosomal protein genes (rp genes) is complicated by the existence of processed pseudogenes, multiple strategies were devised to identify PCR-detectable sequence-tagged sites (STSs) at introns. In some cases we exploited specific, pre-existing information about the intron/exon structure of a given human rp gene or its homolog in another vertebrate. When such information was unavailable, selection of PCR primer pairs was guided by general insights gleaned from analysis of all mammalian rp genes whose intron/exon structures have been published. For many genes, PCR amplification of introns was facilitated by use of YAC pool DNAs rather than total human genomic DNA as templates. We then assigned the rp gene STSs to individual human chromosomes by typing human-rodent hybrid cell lines. The genes were placed more precisely on the physical map of the human genome by typing of radiation hybrids or screening YAC libraries. Fifty-one previously unmapped rp genes were localized, and 24 previously reported rp gene localizations were confirmed, refined, or corrected. Though functionally related and coordinately expressed, the 75 mapped genes are widely dispersed: Both sex chromosomes and at least 20 of the 22 autosomes carry one or more rp genes. Chromosome 19, known to have a high gene density, contains an unusually large number of rp genes (12). This map provides a foundation for the study of the possible roles of ribosomal protein deficiencies in chromosomal and Mendelian disorders.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 1988
The human small nuclear ribonucleoprotein E protein is an 11,000-dalton basic protein which is an integral component of several small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complexes involved in RNA processing reactions. Sequence analysis of the E protein multigene family reveals that at least one gene for this component of the RNA splicing machinery is interrupted by four introns. The exons of this gene are identical to two cDNA clones isolated from independent tissue sources and span approximately 9 kilobase pairs. Primer extension data indicated the presence of two major transcription start sites. The upstream region of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein E protein gene does not contain TATA or CCAAT sequences within 175 nucleotides of the transcription start sites. However, the proximal upstream region does contain several similarities to the promoter regions of both snRNA genes and vertebrate ribosomal protein genes.
Nucleic Acids Research, 1991
A complex locus on human chromosome 1 brings together sequences homologous to a G protein and two components of the RNA processing machinery of eukaryotic cells. Specifically, the seventh intron of the human G13a gene contains a fusion of a partial snRNP E protein pseudogene to a variant U6 snRNA gene. The novel U6 sequence contains nine point mutations and a one nucleotide deletion relative to the major U6 gene from humans. Unlike all other vertebrate U6 genes characterized to date, the variant U6 gene is efficiently transcribed by RNA polymerase Ill even in the absence of all natural flanking sequences. The union of elements from the signal transduction pathway and the RNA processing machinery suggests the possibility of functional interplay.
Experimental Cell Research, 1988
The genes for the Ml subunit of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase have been mapped in the human and the murine species by use of two independently derived mouse cDNA clones. Southern blot analysis of rodent x human somatic cell hybrid DNAs confirmed the assignment of RRMl to the short arm of human chromosome 11. In situ hybridization to human metaphase chromosomes revealed a peak of silver grains over the distal third of band 11~15, a region corresponding to subbands p15.4+pl5.5. The mouse Rrml locus was assigned to chromosome 7, where it forms part of a conserved syntenic group of at least seven other genes assigned to human chromosome band 11~15. 0 1988 Academic press, inc.