Ectodermal-specific inactivation of Endothelin-1 causes craniofacial developmental defects in mice (original) (raw)

Endothelin-1 (Edn1)-driven signaling is crucial for the patterning of cranial neural crest cells (CNCCs) in craniofacial development. Conditional knockout studies reveal that Edn1 from ectoderm plays a primary role in mandibular arch development, with significant defects arising from its absence, including dysmorphic mandibles and homeosis of arch structures. The integration of Edn1 signaling with other pathways, such as those from Jagged-Notch and Bmp, underscores the complexity of facial patterning.