Effects of Bodyweight Exercise on Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption and Metabolic Expenditure (original) (raw)
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Pediatric exercise science, 2010
This study examined longitudinal changes in the pulmonary oxygen uptake (pVO(2)) kinetic response to heavy-intensity exercise in 14-16 yr old boys. Fourteen healthy boys (age 14.1 +/- 0.2 yr) completed exercise testing on two occasions with a 2-yr interval. Each participant completed a minimum of three 'step' exercise transitions, from unloaded pedalling to a constant work rate corresponding to 40% of the difference between the pVO(2) at the gas exchange threshold and peak pVO(2) (40% Delta). Over the 2-yr period a significant increase in the phase II time constant (25 +/- 5 vs. 30 +/- 5 s; p = .002, omega(2) = 0.34), the relative amplitude of the pVO(2) slow component (9 +/- 5 vs. 13 +/- 4%; p = .036, omega(2) = 0.14) and the pVO(2) gain at end-exercise (11.6 +/- 0.6 vs. 12.4 +/- 0.7 mL x min(-1) x W(-1); p < .001, omega(2) = 0.42) were observed. These data indicate that the control of oxidative phosphorylation in response to heavy-intensity cycling exercise is age-depen...
International journal of obesity (2005)
Objective:To compare the phase II oxygen uptake time constant (τV'O(2)) and V'O(2) mean response time (V'O(2)MRT) in overweight (OW) and non-OW (NO) children during moderate intensity exercise.Design:Between subjects where participants completed a maximal ramp exercise test on an electromagnetically braked cycle ergometer to determine peak V'O(2) (V'O(2peak)) and gas exchange threshold (GET). Gas exchange was measured breath-by-breath using a mass spectrometer. On subsequent visits, 6 square-wave transitions (2 per day) from 0 W to 90% GET were completed. Individual phase II τV'O(2) and V'O(2)MRTs were estimated from time aligned average V'O(2) traces.Subjects:Eleven OW (11.8±0.4 years) and 12 NO (11.9±0.4 years) children were recruited to the study. The OW group was significantly heavier (62.9±9.7 vs 39.4±5.8 kg, P<0.001), taller (1.58±0.05 vs 1.47±0.07 m, P<0.001) and had a higher body mass index (25.8±3.4 vs 18.3±1.8 kg m(-2), P<0.001).Re...
2010
This study examined longitudinal changes in the pulmonary oxygen uptake (pVO 2 ) kinetic response to heavy-intensity exercise in 14-16 yr old boys. Fourteen healthy boys (age 14.1 ± 0.2 yr) completed exercise testing on two occasions with a 2-yr interval. Each participant completed a minimum of three 'step' exercise transitions, from unloaded pedalling to a constant work rate corresponding to 40% of the difference between the pVO 2 at the gas exchange threshold and peak pVO 2 (40% Δ). Over the 2-yr period a significant increase in the phase II time constant (25 ± 5 vs. 30 ± 5 s; p = .002, ω 2 = 0.34), the relative amplitude of the pVO 2 slow component (9 ± 5 vs. 13 ± 4%; p = .036, ω 2 = 0.14) and the pVO 2 gain at end-exercise (11.6 ± 0.6 vs. 12.4 ± 0.7 mL·min -1 ·W -1 ; p < .001, ω 2 = 0.42) were observed. These data indicate that the control of oxidative phosphorylation in response to heavy-intensity cycling exercise is age-dependent in teenage boys.
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2004
Pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇o2p) and muscle deoxygenation kinetics were examined during moderate-intensity cycling (80% lactate threshold) without warm-up and after heavy-intensity warm-up exercise in young ( n = 6; 25 ± 3 yr) and older ( n = 5; 68 ± 3 yr) adults. We hypothesized that heavy warm-up would speed V̇o2p kinetics in older adults consequent to an improved intramuscular oxygenation. Subjects performed step transitions ( n = 4; 6 min) from 20 W to moderate-intensity exercise preceded by either no warm-up or heavy-intensity warm-up (6 min). V̇o2p was measured breath by breath. Oxy-, deoxy-(HHb), and total hemoglobin and myoglobin (Hbtot) of the vastus lateralis muscle were measured continuously by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). V̇o2p (phase 2; τ) and HHb data were fit with a monoexponential model. After heavy-intensity warm-up, oxyhemoglobin (older subjects: 13 ± 9 μM; young subjects: 9 ± 8 μM) and Hbtot (older subjects: 12 ± 8 μM; young subjects: 14 ± 10 μM) were elevated ( ...
Journal of Applied Physiology, 2004
Phase 2 pulmonary O2 uptake (V O2 p) kinetics are slowed with aging. To examine the effect of aging on the adaptation of V O2 p and deoxygenation of the vastus lateralis muscle at the onset of moderate-intensity constant-load cycling exercise, young (Y) (n ϭ 6; 25 Ϯ 3 yr) and older (O) (n ϭ 6; 68 Ϯ 3 yr) adults performed repeated transitions from 20 W to work rates corresponding to moderate-intensity (80% estimated lactate threshold) exercise. Breath-by-breath V O2 p was measured by mass spectrometer and volume turbine. Deoxy (HHb)-, oxy-, and total Hb and/or myoglobin were determined by near-infrared spectroscopy (Hamamatsu NIRO-300). V O2 p data were filtered, interpolated to 1 s, and averaged to 5-s bins. HHb data were filtered and averaged to 5-s bins. V O2 p data were fit with a monoexponential model for phase 2, and HHb data were analyzed to determine the time delay from exercise onset to the start of an increase in HHb and thereafter were fit with a single-component exponential model. The phase 2 time constant for V O2 p was slower (P Ͻ 0.01) in O (Y: 26 Ϯ 7 s; O: 42 Ϯ 9 s), whereas the delay before an increase in HHb (Y: 12 Ϯ 2 s; O: 11 Ϯ 1 s) and the time constant for HHb after the time delay (Y: 13 Ϯ 10 s; O: 9 Ϯ 3 s) were similar in Y and O. However, the increase in HHb for a given increase in V O2 p (Y: 7 Ϯ 2 M ⅐ l Ϫ1 ⅐ min Ϫ1 ; O: 13 Ϯ 4 M ⅐ l Ϫ1 ⅐ min Ϫ1) was greater (P Ͻ 0.01) in O compared with Y. The slower V O2 p kinetics in O compared with Y adults was accompanied by a slower increase of local muscle blood flow and O2 delivery discerned from a faster and greater muscle deoxygenation relative to V O2 p in O. near-infrared spectroscopy; muscle O2 utilization PHASE 2 PULMONARY O 2 uptake (V O 2 p) kinetics are slowed in older compared with younger adults (1, 6, 12, 16). Whether the slower V O 2 p kinetics are due to a slower delivery of O 2 to working muscle or a delayed activation or slowing of the metabolic processes of oxidative phosphorylation remains unclear. The observation of slower heart rate (HR) kinetics at the onset of exercise in older adults suggests that central blood flow adaptations may contribute to an O 2 delivery limitation in older adults (6, 12, 20, 46). Peripheral blood flow distribution may also contribute to an O 2 delivery limitation (44, 45); however, Mizuno et al. (37) recently reported in healthy young adults that perfusion was well matched to metabolism in five areas of the quadriceps muscles during rest and recovery from exhaustive exercise. Evidence in support of a potential O 2 delivery limitation in older adults includes: 1
Kinetics of oxygen uptake at the onset of exercise in boys and men
Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 1998
The objective of this study was to compare the O2 uptake (VO2) kinetics at the onset of heavy exercise in boys and men. Nine boys, aged 9-12 yr, and 8 men, aged 19-27 yr, performed a continuous incremental cycling task to determine peak VO2 (VO2 peak). On 2 other days, subjects performed each day four cycling tasks at 80 rpm, each consisting of 2 min of unloaded cycling followed twice by cycling at 50% VO2 peak for 3.5 min, once by cycling at 100% VO2 peak for 2 min, and once by cycling at 130% VO2 peak for 75 s. O2 deficit was not significantly different between boys and men (respectively, 50% VO2 peak task: 6.6 +/- 11.1 vs. 5.5 +/- 7.3 ml . min-1 . kg-1; 100% VO2 peak task: 28.5 +/- 8.1 vs. 31.8 +/- 6.3 ml . min-1 . kg-1; and 130% VO2 peak task: 30.1 +/- 5.7 vs. 35.8 +/- 5.3 ml . min-1 . kg-1). To assess the kinetics, phase I was excluded from analysis. Phase II VO2 kinetics could be described in all cases by a monoexponential function. ANOVA revealed no differences in time consta...