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MS#078 Vihola A Neuropath Appl Neurobiol AOP 2012
Aims: Myotonic dystrophy types 1 and 2 (DM1 and DM2) are multisystem disorders caused by similar repeat expansion mutations, with similar yet distinct clinical features. Aberrant splicing of multiple effector genes, as well as dysregulation of transcription and translation, have been suggested to underlie different aspects of the complex phenotypes in DM1 and DM2. Ca 2+ plays a central role in both muscle contraction and control of gene expression, and recent expression profiling studies have indicated major perturbations of the Ca 2+ signaling pathways in DM. Here we have further investigated the expression of genes and proteins involved in Ca 2+ metabolism in DM patients, including Ca 2+ channels and Ca 2+ binding proteins. Methods: We used patient muscle biopsies to analyze mRNA expression and splicing of genes by microarray expression profiling and RT-PCR. We studied protein expression by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Results:
17th World Congress on Heart Disease Int Vol17 35-43
Crataegus azarolous var. aronia is one of the most important medicinal plants widely used in folk medicine for its cardiotonic, vasorelaxant and hypotensive effects. The present work was undertaken to study the physiological effects of butanol fraction (BF) on isolated aorta and Langendorff perfused heart. In thoracic aorta, BF produced more potent inhibitory effect on PE-than KCl-induced contractions, with log IC50's of -3.432 mg/mL and -1.805 mg/mL along with E Max of 50.96% and 22.15%, respectively.
Therapeutic approach to cardiorenal syndrome
2012
1 “Victor Papilian” Faculty of Medicine 2 Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital, “Victor Papilian” Faculty of Medicine 3 Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital Contact address: Minodora Teodoru, Cardiology Clinic, Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 2-4 Corneliu Coposu Bvd., Sibiu E-mail: dbedreaga@yahoo.com These types of CRS are in fact five different syndromes from an epidemiologic, clinical and therapeutic point of view. Often different components, from the different types of CRS, interact with one another. In this article we will refer mostly to the first two types (cardiorenal syndromes). Renal dysfunction associated with heart failure leads to a severe prognostic. According to some studies, this association increases the mortality rate in these patients with up to 20%2-4. The physiopathological mechanisms which intermediate the disequilibrium present in CRS is presented in Figure 1, according to the Guyton model5. The profile of patients at risk of developing CRS i...
Einstein (São Paulo), 2013
OBJETIVO: Avaliar se um programa de exercícios de intensidade moderada por um pequeno período pode alterar os parâmetros inflamatórios e melhorar os diferentes componentes da síndrome metabólica em pacientes sedentários. MÉTODOS: Dezesseis pacientes completaram 12 semanas de exercício supervisionado, que consistiu em caminhar 40 a 50 minutos 3 vezes por semana, atingindo 50 a 60% da frequência cardíaca de reserva. Os parâmetros avaliados pré e pós-intervenção foram circunferência de cintura, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, triglicérides, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol, colesterol total, proteína C-reativa e interleucina 8. RESULTADOS: Houve redução significativa na circunferência da cintura (102,1±7,5cm versus 100,8±7,4cm; p=0,03) e índice de massa corporal (29,7±3,2kg/m² versus 29,3±3,5kg/m²; p=0,03). A pressão arterial sistólica diminuiu de 141±18 para 129±13mmHg e a diastólica de 79±12 para 71±10mmHg (p<0,05 para ambos). Não foram observadas alterações no colesterol t...
Etiology and response to drug treatment in heart failure
Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 1998
Clinical trials in heart failure (HF) tend to randomize patients according to demographic characteristics and severity of left ventricular dysfunction, without taking account of the precise diagnosis. This article reviews results from recent trials suggesting that the etiology of HF, and particularly whether it is ischemic or nonischemic, may influence the long-term prognosis and the response to treatment. Some studies, but not all, suggest that nonischemic HF has a better prognosis than ischemic HF. The data on the benefits of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in ischemic versus nonischemic HF are conflicting. Carvedilol, and recently, bisoprolol have been shown to reduce mortality in ischemic and non-ischemic HF, whereas metoprolol has, to date, improved prognosis only in dilated cardiomyopathy. Better responses to digoxin, amlodipine and amiodarone have been re-ported in non-ischemic HF. There is at present no clear explanation for the apparent therapeutic differences between ischemic and nonischemic HF. Absence of a rigorous definition of "nonischemic HF" in many studies makes interpretation of the results difficult. Further studies to clarify the effects of etiology of HF on the response to treatment could be particularly important for preventing progression to more advanced stages, in which any type of drug therapy may have limited value in prolonging survival. An individualized therapeutic approach, based on etiology of HF and possibly other factors such as plasma drug levels or the levels of neurohormones, could result in major progress in treating HF patients.
2 We hope very much that issuing this handbook of Pathophysiology will help our students to recognize better what are the most important things (at least from the point of view of their examiners) in the field of Pathophysiology representing the theoretical background of general medicine and that it will help them to better understanding of clinical disciplines, mainly Internal medicine.
Journal of the American Heart Association
Background--Duchenne muscular dystrophy incurs nearly universal dilated cardiomyopathy by the third decade of life, preceded by myocardial damage and impaired left ventricular strain by cardiac magnetic resonance. It has been shown that (1) mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist therapy with spironolactone attenuated damage while maintaining function when given early in a mouse model and (2) low-dose eplerenone stabilized left ventricular strain in boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and evident myocardial damage but preserved ejection fraction. We hypothesized that moderate-dose spironolactone versus eplerenone would provide similar cardioprotection in this first head-to-head randomized trial of available mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, the AIDMD (Aldosterone Inhibition in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy) trial.