Determination of the relative activity of aqueous plant-derived smoke solutions used in seed germination (original) (raw)
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Smoke-Water Enhances Germination and Seedling Growth of Four Horticultural Crops
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The impact of plant-derived smoke as a promoter of seed germination in many crops is well documented. However, very little is known about (1) the appropriate plant species for smoke-water preparation, (2) the effect of smoke-water on the germination and the post-germination parameters in non-fire-prone environments, and (3) the relative importance of dark and light conditions and their possible effects. To fill these gaps in knowledge, we conducted field experiments to evaluate the effect of smoke-water produced from five plant species—white willow, sage, rice straw, rosemary, and lemon eucalyptus—on the germination and seedling growth of cucumber, tomato, scotch marigold, and gladiolus. The seeds and cormels were soaked in smoke-water under light or dark conditions. The results revealed that the smoke-water treatments derived from white willow and lemon eucalyptus enhanced germination, post-germination parameters, and macro element content whilst also contributing to dormancy-break...
HortScience, 2007
The ecologic significance of smoke-related seed germination is now well recognized. Consequently, smoke solutions and a pure butenolide, the active compound from smoke that stimulates germination of a number of plant species, show great potential for enhancing the growth of vegetable crops. Achieving maximum production and better and faster growth of the seedlings has always been a priority for vegetable growers. This study therefore highlights the effects of foliar application of smoke-water and a butenolide on seedling growth of okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench] and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Treating okra seedlings with smoke-water (1:500 v/v) showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in shoot/root length, shoot fresh/dry weight, number of leaves, total leaf area, and stem thickness compared with the control treatment. Treatment of okra seedlings with smoke-water significantly (P < 0.05) increased the absolute growth rate (AGR) per week. However, the see...
Smoke induced seed germination and somatic embryogenesis
Smoke from the combustion of plant material stimulates both seed germination and somatic embryogenesis inawide range ofspecies, providing apotentialnewclass olphyto-active compounds fot in vitro culture-Smoke saturated water (SSW) promoted aslmbiotic seed germination and an early differentiation of protocorrns and plant regeneration o f Yanda paniflorafina. mgn p"r"*,ug" germination (95.032.6) followed by high percentage plantlets recoverlr(93.0+3.4) was acnierea ty culturing seeds on Mira et al. basalmedium supplemented with l0% v/v SSW il vanda parviflora Lindl. The recent identification of the germination cue, butenolide from smoke will now allow for research into the physiological action of smoke on seed germination. Smoke extracts are also able to stimulate other growth processes such as somatic embryogenesis using vegetative shoot apices of mature trees of P wallichiana (Himalapn blue or Bhutan pine) and gerani"q flowering, and rooting. As all these physiological effects are in part contnolled by plant growth regulator, indicaltions are that the smoke extracts interact in same way with endogenous pGRs.
Effect of Plant derived Smoke on Germination, Seedling growth and Isoflavone Content of Soybean
한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집, 2012
This study highlights the influence of various dilutions of aqueous smoke extract (1/500, 1/100, 1/10 and 1/1 v/v) on germination, seedling vigour and growth traits of rapeseed (Brassica napus cv. Okapi) under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Smoke extract treatments (1/100 and 1/500 v/v) significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the germination percentage (25-28%), vigour index (up to 4-fold) and germination speed (up to 2-fold) compared with control. In greenhouse experiments, pre-soaking seeds in smoke dilutions of 1/500 and 1/100 significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the growth of rapeseed plants at 30 and 50 days after seed sowing (DASS) compared with control. At 50 DASS, these smoke-extract dilutions increased the root length (22.5-65%), plant height (41-47.5%), root dry weight (2.4-to 3.4-fold), shoot dry weight (4.6-to 5.1-fold) and leaf area (3-to 3.7-fold) of rapeseed plants compared with untreated seeds.
South African Journal of Botany, 2011
Fire and smoke have been used in traditional agricultural systems for centuries. In recent years, biologically active compounds have been isolated from smoke with potential uses in agriculture and horticulture. This article highlights the possibilities of using smoke-water or smoke-derived butenolide (3-methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one, termed karrikinolide, KAR 1) for the cultivation of agricultural and horticultural crops. Treatments with smoke-water show promising results for improving seed germination, seedling growth and crop productivity. In certain cases, even under adverse conditions, such as low or high temperatures and low osmotic potentials, smoke-water or a KAR 1 solution can promote seed germination and seedling growth. This phenomenon is of great significance when seeds are sown under drought conditions. Smoke-technology, therefore, has potential for use in arid and semi-arid regions. Possibilities may also exist for controlling some plant diseases and managing weeds with the use of smoke or KAR 1 solutions. In addition, smoke-technology can possibly economize the use of commercial chemical fertilizers, pesticides and herbicides, making it a feasible technology for organic farming and for resource-poor farmers in developing nations. The positive role of smoke-water in flowering and fruiting of crops cannot be overlooked as the karrikins found in smoke are now recognized as potential new plant growth regulators. Very low concentrations of smoke-water or a KAR 1 solution are effective in promoting germination and post-germination growth. Thus, early harvesting and increasing the productivity of crops using smoke-technology may be possible. Here we review some of the effects of smoke and KAR 1 on various crop species and discuss the potential uses of smoke technology in agriculture and horticulture.
The seeds of Eragrostis tef are often exposed to high temperatures and low water availability during unfavourable climatic conditions. This affects germination and seedling stand establishment of the crop. Smoke is currently widely studied for its stimulatory role in seed germination. The effect of smoke-water and a smoke-isolated butenolide was investigated on E. tef seed germination and seedling growth at different temperatures, light conditions and osmotic potentials. Treating E. tef seeds with smoke-water and butenolide increased the percentage germination relative to the control at all tested temperatures. These treatments significantly improved seedling length and the vigour index at 25, 30, 35 and 40 and 30/15 C. Smoke-water and butenolide increased percentage imbibition from high to low osmotic potential. In comparison with the control, smoke-water- and butenolide-treated seeds of E. tef showed higher percentage germination with decreasing osmotic potential. Smoke-water treatment exhibited significantly longer and more vigorous seedlings than the control between 0 and )0.30 MPa osmotic potential. The findings of this study suggest the possibility of using smoke treatments for minimizing E. tef seedling losses at elevated temperatures and water stress.
THE IMPACT OF PLANT-DERIVED SMOKE ON SEED GERMINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF SWAILING
Smoke generated by wildfires have special ecological impact in various fire-prone environment in Africa, Australia, and both Americas. However, in the countries of moderate climate zones, swailing (controlled burning of meadows) is often, although illegally, practiced by farmers. Hence, the influence of smoke generated from plant debris on seed germination and radicle growth of 4 crops, popularly grown and 3 weed species, occurring in Central Europe was studied. Smoke had stimulative effect on seeds germination of 6 from 7 studied species. There was no impact on germination of meadow cress seeds, but in this case strong stimulation of radicle growth was noticed. The influence of smoke on germination was the strongest in case of red cabbage, as the difference between smoke-treated and control seeds was 60%, and the stimulation of growth of radicles was obtained. Summing up, plant-derived smoke can stimulate seed germination and seedling vigour of some crop and weed plants of moderate...
Plant-Derived Smoke Affects Biochemical Mechanism on Plant Growth and Seed Germination
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
The role of plant-derived smoke, which is changed in mineral-nutrient status, in enhancing germination and post-germination was effectively established. The majority of plant species positively respond to plant-derived smoke in the enhancement of seed germination and plant growth. The stimulatory effect of plant-derived smoke on normally growing and stressed plants may help to reduce economic and human resources, which validates its candidature as a biostimulant. Plant-derived smoke potentially facilitates the early harvest and increases crop productivity. Karrikins and cyanohydrin are the active compound in plant-derived smoke. In this review, data from the latest research explaining the effect of plant-derived smoke on morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses of plants are presented. The pathway for reception and interaction of compounds of plant-derived smoke at the cellular and molecular level of plant is described and discussed.
Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 2023
Smoke water (SW) is produced naturally or artificially from burning plant material. It provides the germination of the seeds of many plants and accelerates the growth and development of the plant and is also used in many fields of plant science. SW preparation is a relatively easy and inexpensive method, but a standard method for its preparation has not been developed yet. Therefore, the aim of this research is to develop a low-cost efficient method to produce SW, to standardize it and to measure the amount of the main active biomolecule karrikin (KAR1) by HPLC. We also aimed to test and compare the best working concentration of SW and commercially available KAR1 on apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) seeds. The SWs were diluted to 1:100, 1:500, 1:1000, 1:5000 and 1:10000 ratios, and KAR1 to 0.01 μM, 0.1 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM and 10 μM concentrations. In terms of germination, it was determined that the use of 1:1000 (60%) concentration in the SW group and 1 μM (72%) concentration in the KAR1 group was appropriate. This is the first research in which a standard method was developed for obtaining SW. We think this study will be a guide to researchers who plan to study with smoke water, since we obtained the most concentrated KAR1 according to the literature.
Aerosol Smoke and Smoke-Water Stimulation of Seedling Vigor of a Commercial Maize Cultivar
Crop Science, 2006
The effect of smoke as a germination cue is well documented. Recent developments in smoke technology have suggested that smoke also improves vigor. It has been reported that indigenous storage methods of South African maize landraces using smoke enhances seedling vigor. This present study highlights the effects of aerosol smoke and smoke-water on the germination and seedling vigor of a commercial maize cultivar, Zea mays L. var. PAN 6479. Various presoaking and smoking combinations were investigated. Treating seeds with aerosol smoke showed significant (p , 0.05) stimulatory effects on vigor. However, prolonged exposure to aerosol smoke resulted in reduced germination which was alleviated by rinsing the seeds. Furthermore, presoaking seeds before exposure to aerosol smoke also significantly (p , 0.05) reduced the inhibitory effect of prolonged smoking. The combination of presoaking and smoking had a significant (p , 0.05) improvement on the percentage germination. This study also showed that smoke has the potential to improve not only the percentage germination but also seedling vigor of commercially bred maize seeds.