Recent Progress in Plasmonic Biosensing Schemes for Virus Detection (original) (raw)

Recent Development in Plasmonic Nanobiosensors for Viral DNA/RNA Biomarkers

Biosensors

Recently, due to the coronavirus pandemic, the need for early diagnosis of infectious diseases, including viruses, is emerging. Though early diagnosis is essential to prevent infection and progression to severe illness, there are few technologies that accurately measure low concentrations of biomarkers. Plasmonic nanomaterials are attracting materials that can effectively amplify various signals, including fluorescence, Raman, and other optical and electromagnetic output. In this review, we introduce recently developed plasmonic nanobiosensors for measuring viral DNA/RNA as potential biomarkers of viral diseases. In addition, we discuss the future perspective of plasmonic nanobiosensors for DNA/RNA detection. This review is expected to help the early diagnosis and pathological interpretation of viruses and other diseases.

Advanced Plasmonic Nanoparticle-Based Techniques for the Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of Current COVID-19

Advanced Plasmonic Nanoparticle‑Based Techniques for the Prevention, Detection, and Treatment of Current COVID‑19, 2023

Coronavirus is an ongoing global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Coronavirus disease 2019 known as COVID-19 is the worst pandemic since World War II. The outbreak of COVID-19 had a significant repercussion on the health, economy, politics, and environment, making coronavirus-related issues more complicated and becoming one of the most challenging pandemics of the last century with deadly outcomes and a high rate of the reproduction number. There are thousands of different types-or variants-of COVID circulating across the world. Viruses mutate all the time; it emphasizes the critical need for the designing of efficient vaccines to prevent virus infection, early and fast diagnosis, and effective antiviral and protective therapeutics. In this regard, the use of nanotechnology offers new opportunities for the development of novel strategies in terms of prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19. This review presents an outline of the platforms developed using plasmonic nanoparticles in the detection, treatment, and prevention of SARS-CoV-2. We select the best strategies in each of these approaches. The properties of metallic plasmon NPs and their relevance in the development of novel point-of-care diagnosis approaches for COVID-19 are highlighted. Also, we discuss the current challenges and the future perspectives looking towards the clinical translation and the commercial aspects of nanotechnology and plasmonic NP-based diagnostic tools and therapy to fight COVID-19 pandemic. The article could be of significance for researchers dedicated to developing suitable plasmonic detection tools and therapy approaches for COVID-19 viruses and future pandemics.

Label-Free Plasmonic Biosensor for Rapid, Quantitative, and Highly Sensitive COVID-19 Serology: Implementation and Clinical Validation

2021

Serological tests are essential for the control and management of COVID-19 pandemic, not only for current and historical diagnostics but especially for surveillance, epidemiological, and acquired immunity studies. Clinical COVID-19 serology is routinely performed by enzymatic or chemiluminescence immunoassays (i.e., ELISA or CLIA), which provide good sensitivities at the expense of relatively long turnaround times and specialized laboratory settings. Rapid serological tests, based on lateral flow assays, have also been developed and widely commercialized, but they suffer from limited reliability due to relatively low sensitivity and specificity. We have developed and validated a direct serological biosensor assay employing proprietary technology based on Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The biosensor offers a rapid -less than 15 min- identification and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies directly in clinical samples, without the need of any signal amplification. The portable pla...

SARS-CoV-2 Detection using Colorimetric Plasmonic Sensors: A Proof-of-Concept Computational Study

2021

Traditional molecular techniques for SARS-CoV-2 viral detection are time-consuming and can exhibit a high probability of false negatives. In this work, we present a computational study of SARS-CoV-2 detection using plasmonic gold nanoparticles. The resonance wavelength of a SARS-CoV-2 virus was recently estimated to be in the near-infrared region. By engineering gold nanospheres to specifically bind with the outer surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, the resonance frequency can be shifted to the visible range (380 nm – 700 nm). Moreover, we show that broadband absorption will emerge in the visible spectrum when the virus is partially covered with gold nanoparticles at a specific coverage percentage. This broadband absorption can be used to guide the development of an efficient and accurate colorimetric plasmon sensor for COVID-19 detection. Our observation also suggests that this technique is unaffected by the number of protein spikes present on the virus outer surface, hence can pave a...

Rapid Detection of COVID 19 via Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology IJRASET, 2020

Coronavirus Disease-2019, known as COVID-19, has been declared a public health emergency of worldwide concern [1-4]. This paper reports a new design of Surface Enhance Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrate that can deliver higher sensitivity and the closest interaction to the target structure of the hot spots for the immunomagnetic capturing based concentration method. This substrate contains Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) inverted nanocavity arrays, which can funnel the light to the top where plasmonic gold nanorods occur. A high reflective and low loss layer is deposited at the outer surface, which reflects the photons multiple times and hence the number of photons is increased. After monitoring the consistent pattern and geometric shape of inverted cavities, the hot spots of the suggested Surface Enhance Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrate might have improved influence of 10 10 or even higher, which could be sufficient to discover the immunomagnetically densified virus. Raman spectroscopy is a promising candidate in virus diagnosis given its fast and label-free nature, so long as the concentration of the pathogen is high enough to provide reasonable sensitivity [5-9].

Role of plasmonics in detection of deadliest viruses: a review

European Physical Journal Plus, 2021

Viruses have threatened animal and human lives since a long time ago all over the world. Some of these tiny particles have caused disastrous pandemics that killed a large number of people with subsequent economic downturns. In addition, the quarantine situation itself encounters the challenges like the deficiency in the online educational system, psychiatric problems and poor international relations. Although viruses have a rather simple protein structure, they have structural heterogeneity with a high tendency to mutation that impedes their study. On top of the breadth of such worldwide worrying issues, there are profound scientific gaps, and several unanswered questions, like lack of vaccines or antivirals to combat these pathogens. Various detection techniques like the nucleic acid test, immunoassay, and microscopy have been developed; however, there is a tradeoff between their advantages and disadvantages like safety in sample collecting, invasiveness, sensitivity, response time, etc. One of the highly resolved techniques that can provide early-stage detection with fast experiment duration is plasmonics. This optical technique has the capability to detect viral proteins and genomes at the early stage via highly sensitive interaction between the biological target and the plasmonic chip. The efficiency of this technique could be proved using commercialized techniques like reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques. In this study, we aim to review the role of plasmonic technique in the detection of 11 deadliest viruses besides 2 common genital viruses for the human being. This is a rapidly moving topic of research, and a review article that encompasses the current findings may be useful for guiding strategies to deal with the pandemics. By investigating the potential aspects of this technique, we hope that this study could open new avenues toward the application of point-of-care techniques for virus detection at early stage that may inhibit the progressively hygienic threats.