2013 Hebrew Neologisms (Encyclopedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics) (original) (raw)
Related papers
Superfluous Negation in Modern Hebrew and Its Origins
Journal of Jewish Languages, 2015
In this article, we survey a variety of constructions in contemporary Modern Hebrew that include seemingly superfluous instances of negation. These include free relatives, exclamative rhetorical questions, clausal complements of ‘until,’ ‘without,’ and ‘before,’ clausal complements of ‘fear’-type verbs, after negated ‘surprise,’ and the complement of ‘almost’ (a construction by now obsolete). We identify possible sources for these constructions in pre-modern varieties of Hebrew. When an earlier source cannot be found, we examine earliest attestations of the constructions in modern-era corpora and consider the role of contact (primarily with Yiddish and Slavic) in their development.
Adjectives of Hebrew and Aramaic Origin in Judezmo and Yiddish
Journal of Jewish Languages, 2020
Jewish languages contain a component derived from Hebrew and Aramaic, the earliest languages Jews used. We offer a historical comparative analysis of the structure and use of adjectives of Hebrew and Aramaic origin in the diverse spoken and written registers of Judezmo (Ladino, Judeo-Spanish) and Yiddish, the two major Jewish languages of the Sephardim and Ashkenazim of Europe. Attention is paid both to adjectives whose forms are entirely of Hebrew or Aramaic origin, as well as those constructed of bases of Hebrew and Aramaic origin, and derivational morphemes of Hispanic and Turkish origin (Judezmo), and Germanic and Slavic origin (Yiddish). The incorporation of the adjectives within the syntactic and semantic systems of Judezmo and Yiddish is examined , and comparisons made between the relative quantity and function of the adjectives in the two languages. It is meant as a model for the comparative study of the linguistic structures of Jewish languages.
2014 A Compound Etymology for Biblical Hebrew zûlātî ‘except’
Hebrew Studies 55, 2014
This paper suggests an alternative derivation for the Biblical Hebrew preposition י ִ ת זּולָ 'except'. It does not derive from an alleged verbal root ZWL, but is rather to be compared with Akkadian ša lā and Aramaic dī lā with the same meaning and thus originates from the fusing of three elements: the West Semitic relative particle *dū, the Semitic negative particle *lā, and the pronominal morpheme *-tī. This derivation has better comparative Semitic support than the traditional derivation; it also accounts for a large number of instances of the problematic hireq compaginis.
Word Foreignness in Modern Hebrew
Hebrew Studies, 1998
... 17-26. 32. O. (Rodrigue) Schwarzwald, "Words with +ayim Endings in Hebrew," in Studies in Hebrew and Jewish Languages Presented to Shelomo Morag, ed. M. Bar-Asher (Heb.; Jerusalem: Bialik, 1996), pp. 341-358. 33. ... 36. The word layla ends with -a, but it is not stressed. ...
The Typology of Nonintegrated Words in Hebrew
Many Hebrew words are unique depending on their foreign etymology as well as on social and psychological variables like substandard registers, children's game words, and emotional words; they form special word classes in the lexicon. The most common ways for word formation in Modern Hebrew morphology are root and pattern, stem and affix, and two stem combinations. Their inflectional paradigms are very predictable. Other derivational waysacronym and blendsare rarer and display irregular patterns. In this paper, I postulate nine linguistic features to distinguish between the various Hebrew words, and establish the different layers of the Hebrew lexicon. The findings lead to the discussion concerning the structure of the lexicon and the status of nonintegrated words in Hebrew.
Journal of Northwest Semitic Languages, 2007
This paper examines cases in which the Biblical Hebrew particles ֹא ל and ל ַ א exhibit an independent syntactic status by expressing only negation. This type of negation is not accompanied by any supplementary existential meaning, and it conveys the negation as the main focus of a clause. An independent syntactic status of the negative particles is mostly revealed in one-member and elliptical clauses. The elliptical or one-member clauses that contain only a negative particle should be considered predicates in a functional sense. Like Biblical Hebrew, English usually employs for these constructions elliptical or one-member clauses that present only the negative particle "no," and in older stages of English also "nay." Other infrequent constructions in which sole negation is put in a predicative status in Biblical Hebrew are ֹא ל - הוּא (Jer 5:12), and ֹא ל - ן כֵ
Encylopaedia of Hebrew Language and Linguistics
The nouns of Modern Hebrew (MH) and Biblical Hebrew (BH) can be divided into two major classes: templatic and non-templatic. A noun is templatic if it can be decomposed into a root and a template (syllable structure+vocalization+affixes;
EMERGENCE AND DISAPPEARENCE OF WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS IN PRE-EXILIC BIBLICAL HEBREW
Revue Biblique, 2022
This paper discusses, in alphabetical order, 17 biblical words and expressions which appear to have undergone change during the biblical period prior to the Babylonian exile. Several of these came into being at a certain point, not having been current before, while others ceased to be in current usage, or changed their form or meaning. In the present paper, the author pursues the approach set out in his earlier publications. The basic rationale of the diachronic approach is the understanding that any living language undergoes processes of change, and there is no reason for biblical Hebrew to behave any differently. RÉSUMÉ Cet article examine, par ordre alphabétique, 17 mots et expressions bibliques qui semblent avoir changé au cours de la période biblique précédant l'exil babylonien. Plusieurs d'entre eux ont vu le jour à un certain moment, n'étant pas courants auparavant, tandis que d'autres ont cessé d'être d'usage courant, ou ont changé de forme ou de signification. Dans le présent article, l'auteur poursuit l'approche exposée dans ses publications antérieures. La logique de base de l'approche diachronique est la compréhension que toute langue vivante subit des processus de changement, et il n'y a aucune raison pour que l'hébreu biblique se comporte différemment.
Journal of Semitic Studies , 2021
While it focuses on Non-Semitic loanwords, the more theoretical introductory chapters are applicable to loanwords in Hebrew in general. At the beginning Noonan laments the absence of studies of loanwords in Biblical Hebrew, a lack which continues to this day. However, with his own book this issue seems to be mostly remedied. In the introduction Noonan provides us with specific criteria by which loanwords can be identified. Unusual morphology is one of them, although as rightfully remarked, Hebrew sometimes secondarily applies its own morphology to loanwords, e.g., mallāḥ ‘sailor’ in the qaṭṭal pattern of agentive nouns derives from Sumerian MÁ.LAḪ5 as transmitted through Akkadian malāḫu.