Assessment of Genetic Variability for Some Hyoscymus Species Using Biochemical and Molecular Markers (original) (raw)
Related papers
Study of inheritance and environment on tropane alkaloids within Hyoscyamus species
In the present study, HPLC technique was applied to determine scopolamine and hyoscyamine contents in five Hyoscyamus species including H.niger L., H.reticulatus L., H.pusillus L., H.arachnoideus Pojark., and H.kurdicus Bornm., collected from different geographical origins of North West of Iran. The range of genetic similarity was obtained between 91.07 and 99.89 within Hyoscyamus accessions based on scopolamine and hyoscyamine alkaloids composition. Estimated heritability was high for both traits and ranged from 0.82 to 0.99. The existance of high GCV indicates the genetical control of tropane alkaloids which leads us to achivement of genetic improvement by selection of desirable plants for breeding. Our data also implies the positive assosiation between N, P, K, Ca & EC and alkaloids yield in plants which will be useful for production programs in the future.
Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 2014
Green wild plants (dirctly before flowering) and seeds of Hyoscyamus aureus were collected from natural habitat at Al Qalamon region in Syria. Seeds were surface sterilized and cultured in vitro, after 21 days from germination stem-derived callus was induced on two different nutrient media. Tropane alkaloids were extracted from wild plants and 30 days old in vitro plants and callus, and then analyzed using GC-MS. Genetic variation was also studied between the wild and in vitro plants and the callus culture lines using twenty ISSR markers. The results showed that there were significant variations in tropane alkaloids contents between the wild plants, the in vitro plants and the callus culture lines. The highest content of hyoscyamine was in callus on line A medium, but the highest content of scopolamine was in the wild plants. However, the lowest content of tropane alkaloids was in callus on line B medium. Also the ISSR analyses showed that there was genetic variation between the wild and in vitro plants and the callus culture lines.
International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research, 2018
The present study has been undertaken to understand the impact of altitude on the synthesis of alkaloids in Hyoscyamus niger found in Kashmir valley of J&K state in India. Given its wide distributional range, the study aimed to quantify the alkaloids (hyoscyamine and scopolamine) in Hyoscyamus niger grown at various altitudes in Kashmir valley. The sampling of populations at varying altitudes allowed assessing the intraspecieac variation and ecological trends of accumulation of alkaloids in the plant. Furthermore the resource allocation in the parts of the plant has also been shown. The four different sites were Gulmarg, Pahalgam, Gurez and Qazigund in Kashmir valley. The study was able to identify the elite genotype and the best suited habitat (altitude) for commercial cultivation of the species with higher quantity of alkaloids.
Genetic Assessment in Some Medicinal Plants Utilizing Molecular Markers
Arab Universities Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2018
The interest in medicinal plants is not only due to the fact that it is a source of food additives, but it is also a major source of medicines. Medical plants contain many important vital ingredients used in the treatment of many diseases. Therefore, medicinal plants are considered a safe source of medical drugs. Many medicinal plants have a significant economic importance to increase their demand. The plant families include many families, such as solanaceae family, which is one of the largest plant families with more than 3000 plant species And the plants of this family contains many important biological components and because of its importance, it was necessary to study and identify these plants by making fingerprinting, detect the molecular genetic markers for this family, study the genetic diversity of these species and determine the relationships between species of this family by using genetic techniques such as the technique of Inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR). The results obtained in the five solanaceae species (Lycium shwaii, Hyoscyamus muticus, Solanum nigrum from Northwestern coast, Solanum nigrun from Saint Katherine, and Nicotiana gluca) indicated that, 6 primers were applied. The HB15 primer which gave 12 bands, showed the highest polymorphism 58.33%, and the 49A primer, which gave 6 bands gave a lowest polymrphism 16.66% between the used plants populations, these results mean that ISSR technique is an powerful tool to make genetic diversity assessment for species.
Pakistan Journal of Botany
Hyoscyamus niger contains medicinally important tropane alkaloids such as scopolamine and hyoscyamine. In vitro mutagenesis, in combination with molecular marker methods, is a potent technique to produce genetic variability in medicinal plants. The objective of the study was to induce variation in In vitro raised H.niger using Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) as a mutagen. For this purpose the callii were treated with 5 different doses of EMS (0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% and 0.05%) at different time intervals (1/2 hour and 1 hour), and the effect of EMS was observed during morphogenesis. The analysis rvealed that EMS had a profound effect on shoot number and length as well as percentage of shoot formation. 0.03% EMS was seen to be effectively enhancing the average shoot number from 13.5 to 22.0, with 100% callusing response under normal growth regulators. The 18S rRNA gene of the affected plantlets was then amplified and sequenced to observe nucleotide variations, including transitions and transversions, at different concentrations of EMS.
HYOSCYAMINE 6 b-HYDROXYLASE GENE ISOLATION FROM IN VITRO CULTURED ROOTS OF HYOSCYAMUS NIGER L. AND
2015
The H6H gene for hyoscyamine 6b-hydroxylase, which converts hyoscyamine to scopolamine, was isolated from H. niger and H. tenuicaulis. The roots of 14 days sterile seedlings were transferred to a modified liquid B5 medium containing 1mM indolebutyric acid, and after appearance of the lateral roots, subcultured in a free hormone medium. Following a week, the total cellular RNA of the roots was extracted. cDNA of H6H gene was synthetized by RT-PCR, favored gene was amplified by the PCR.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2013
A cDNA encoding hyoscyamine 6b-hydroxylase (H6H, EC 1.14.11.11), a bifunctional enzyme catalyzing the last two steps in the scopolamine biosynthetic pathway, was isolated from Hyoscyamus senecionis, a medicinal plant endemic to the Iranian plateau. Expression analysis indicates that Hsh6h is expressed in all tested organs of H. senecionis including roots, rhizomes, leaves, stems and flowers unlike the other tropane alkaloid producing species. In parallel to this, in leaves, levels of scopolamine, the product of H6H, were higher than the substrate hyoscyamine. These data suggest that not only does the conversion of hyoscyamine to scopolamine take place in the root, followed by translocation to aerial parts, but also accumulated hyoscyamine in the aerial parts may be converted to scopolamine by activity of HsH6H. Analysis of expression profiles of putrescine N-methyltransferase and tropinone reductase I and II genes also indicates the organ-independent expression of these genes. Here we also introduce H. senecionis as an important tropane alkaloid producing species with its thick underground parts as a source of hyoscyamine, while its leaves can be considered as a source of scopolamine.
Therapeutic Importance of Hyoscyamus Species -A Review
Among the 84 genera and over 3000 species that make up the family Solanaceae, Hyoscyamus stands out as one of the most significant and biggest. Hyoscyamine and scopolamine, two of the several tropane alkaloids, may be found in abundance in all Hyoscyamus species. Alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenes, saponins, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides, and anthraquinones were all found in the phytochemical investigation of Hyoscyamus species. They had many different pharmacological effects, such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, insecticidal, antiasthmatic, antiallergic, antidiarrheal, antisecretory, Ca2+ channel-blocking, hypotensive, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, antihyperuricemic, anti-Parkinsonian, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, and antihyperuricemic. The chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and toxicological dangers of Hyoscyamus species growing in Iraq were reviewed in this paper.
Variation in Hyoscyamus spp. Populations from Jordan Using Morphological Traits and RAPD Markers
2010
Variation of twelve Hyoscyamus aureus, four H. desertorum and two H. reticulatus populations from Jordan were investigated at the phenotypic level with morphological characters and at DNA level using the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. Sixteen morphological traits were measured after 100 days from planting. There was a significant difference among the collected populations in 12 out of 16 morphological traits. The three highly polymorphic selected primers generated 60 RAPD bands with 39.5% mean level of the proportion of polymorphic loci. Multivariate procedures using dendograms and Principle Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) were used to classify the collected populations on the basis of phenotypic traits and RAPD fragments. RAPD estimate of genetic relationships among Hyoscyamus species was consistent with morphological study results. From the cluster analyses using dendograms and PCoA, it appears that morphological traits and RAPD markers were useful to separate the p...