Smart DAS upholes for simultaneous land near-surface characterization and subsurface imaging (original) (raw)

Smart DAS Uphole Acquisition System for Near-Surface Model Building: Results from the First Successful Field Tests

SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, 2019

Accurate near-surface velocity models are required to correct for shallow velocity heterogeneities that can otherwise lead to the misinterpretation of seismic data, particularly in the case of low-relief structures. Here we show how a novel uphole acquisition system utilizing distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) technology can be used in a number of different ways to generate near-surface models. The novel smart DAS uphole system connects multiple shallow wells with one continuous optical fiber. The horizontal and vertical segments of the fiber allow several techniques for near-surface model building to be tested using the same system. Uphole surveys use the vertical fiber segments to make accurate, localized velocity measurements, while the directivity of the DAS fiber enables horizontal sections to be used for refraction tomography and surface-wave inversion. The smart DAS uphole acquisition system, which enables the collection of data for deep reflection imaging and near-surface ch...

Seismic Applications of Downhole DAS

Sensors, 2021

Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) is gaining vast popularity in the industrial and academic sectors for a variety of studies. Its spatial and temporal resolution is ever helpful, but one of the primary benefits of DAS is the ability to install fibers in boreholes and record seismic signals in depth. With minimal operational disruption, a continuous sampling along the trajectory of the borehole is made possible. Such resolution is highly challenging to obtain with conventional downhole tools. This review article summarizes different seismic uses, passive and active, of downhole DAS. We emphasize current DAS limitations and potential ways to overcome them.

Surface seismics with DAS: An emerging alternative to modern point-sensor acquisition

The Leading Edge, 2020

Land seismic acquisition is moving toward “light and dense” geometries, with point receiver systems believed to be an ultimate configuration of choice. Cableless land nodal systems enable more flexible spatial sampling at the price of eliminating even small arrays. For large surveys in a desert environment, such spacing remains insufficient to address the complex near surface, while recordings with single sensors exhibit a significant reduction in data quality. At the same time, exploration problems increasingly demand smaller uncertainty in all seismic products. While 1 m geophone sampling could have addressed these problems, it remains out of economic reach as point sensor cost plateaus. We examine an emerging alternative technology of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) that revolutionized borehole geophysics but is still mostly unknown in the seismic world. Fully broadband DAS sensors promise massive channel count and uncompromised inline sampling down to 0.25 m. Their distribute...

Using Dark Fiber and Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Near-Surface Characterization and Broadband Seismic Event Detection

We present the first case study demonstrating the use of regional unlit fiber-optic telecommunication infrastructure (dark fiber) and distributed acoustic sensing for broadband seismic monitoring of both near-surface soil properties and earthquake seismology. We recorded 7 months of passive seismic data on a 27 km section of dark fiber stretching from West Sacramento, CA to Woodland, CA, densely sampled at 2 m spacing. This dataset was processed to extract surface wave velocity information using ambient noise interferometry techniques; the resulting Vs profiles were used to map both shallow structural profiles and groundwater depth, thus demonstrating that basin-scale variations in hydrological state can be resolved using this technique. The same array was utilized for detection of regional and teleseismic earthquakes and evaluated for long period response using records from the M8.1 Chiapas, Mexico 2017, Sep 8th event. The combination of these two sets of observations conclusively ...

The Effect of the Method of Downhole Deployment on Distributed Acoustic Sensor Measurements: Field Experiments and Numerical Simulations

Sensors

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a promising technology for seismic data acquisition, particularly in downhole applications. However, downhole DAS measurements can be affected by the deployment method of the fibre-optic cable. These effects were explored in a field trial in two wells (one vertical and one deviated) drilled at the Otway International Test Centre. The trial in the vertical well shows that (1) fibre-optic cables cemented behind the casing provide data of the highest quality due to the best coupling to the formation, and (2) tubing-conveyed cable shows only slightly weaker coupling, but the data quality can be severely degraded by source-generated noise. A cable loosely suspended in the deviated well provided data quality comparable to that of the cemented DAS cable. To better understand the nature of the observed effects, the field experiments were supplemented by numerical modelling with a 1.5D full wave reflectivity algorithm (3D wave propagation in a 1D model),...