Relationship Between Occupational Risk and Personal Protective Equipment on the Example of Ferroalloy Production (original) (raw)
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Occupational Health and Safety is a precondition to secure the workers wellbeing and help them to work in a protected and sound way that the owners of companies satisfy the fundamental targets of social obligation. As a result of increased globalization, many firms are now active in tracking unfair labor practices and conditions of environmental health and safety in developing nations manufacturing operations. The unsafe atmosphere will motivate the workers to eventually leave the company. Substituting these skilled and trained employees is often very difficult for the corporation because they have specific knowledge. This study was carried out to analyze the steel production industry's safe working practices which are crucial because the nature of the job means employees are exposed to many hazards. The workplace environment is often warm and noisy, the tasks are heavy and often requiring on the body and the danger of injuries and burns always exists. Terrible conditions of workplace safety also reflect the industry's overall poor output. Under regular service, management and emissions control systems that are breached, obsolete machinery endangers wellbeing and protection of life. The severity of this issue has only been recognized with the growing amount of people who have died and wounded at work. The type of the job poses a variety of hazards for employees in the steel production sector. Through identification of potential hazards, by including new technology, by assessment of risk, by designing safe work systems, by developing audit procedures and by providing workers with personal protective equipment the chances of risks can be reduce effectively.
Evaluation of occupational hazards in foundries
J Egypt Public Health Assoc, 2005
The working environment of foundries is hazardous and characterized by multiple simultaneous chemical, physical and mechanical hazards exposure, which would lead to injuries of foundry workers. The aim of the present work is to evaluate occupational hazards in four foundries, two in Alexandria: El Nasr and Ramsis, and two in Behira: Misr Spinning and Weaving and Misr Rayon companies. Levels of total and respirable dust, free silica % in total dust and lead concentration in total and respirable dust; NO 2 , SO 2 and CO concentrations; noise and heat stress levels have been determined in the present work. Occupational injuries data were analyzed in a three years period from 1998 to 2000. The results of the present work revealed; 1. The levels of total dust and respirable dust exceeded the threshold limit values at knockout and cleaning operations at El Nasr Company. 2. Free silica percentage exceeded permissible levels in all operations except pouring in El Nasr Company. 3. CO levels in Misr Spinning and Weaving Company were higher than threshold levels. 4. Noise levels in knockout and cleaning operations at the four companies were exceeding the threshold limit values. 5. Heat stress levels in melting and pouring operations in El Nasr and in pouring operation in Ramsis Company were higher than the maximum permissible levels. 6. The age group 31-40 years has recorded the highest average incidence rate of injuries of age groups (P<0.01).
ACTA Universitatis Cibiniensis, 2015
For use of work equipment having the economic performance and the highest level of safety, it must be ensured that it complies with the conditions set by the manufacturer in terms of putting into service, use and maintenance operations, ensuring appropriate technical and environmental requirements, including appropriate measures and means of protection. The research aimed to identify and analyze the occupational hazards associated to maintenance operations, in terms of the history of the adjustments, maintenance, cleaning and repair, including the case that occur after the incidents, capital repairs and upgrades. The results of the research consisted in the development of recommendations on the effective management of maintenance activities of work equipment and a software model to enable an efficient management of maintenance, as a tool for occupational hazards in companies - premise for increasing the competitiveness of employers in the market economy.
Assessment of local technogenic hazards of the industrial zone
E3S Web of Conferences, 2019
The article deals with the issues of employee safety under the influence of local man-made hazards. The example of the welding process is used to calculate the risk of work in a confined space. The issues of application of protective means for prevention of violations of health of the worker are discussed.The situation of emergency shutdown of ventilation during the work of personnel in difficult conditions was simulated. When calculating the probability of risk occurrence in the simulated situation, toxic effects of nitrogen dioxide on the health were established for the options of absence and presence of protection (mask).
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH, SAFETY AND RISK ANALYSIS
Occupational safety and health is an area concerned with protecting the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or employment. The goals of occupational safety and health programs include fostering a safe and healthy work environment. This study was to assess the existing situation of occupational health and safety in the textile industries of Lahore. The study also focused to analyze the health and safety related issues in the industries along with their risk assessment and to evaluate work related diseases which affects the health of labors. Health, safety and risk analysis were carried out in large scale textile industries of Lahore. To carry out this assessment survey was conducted from workers in both industries. The questionnaire was based on working time, number of accidents, cause of accident, affected part of body, nature of injury, use of personal protection equipment's(PPE), health safety policy, first aid facility and risk analysis was based on severity and likelihood of workers. Results showed that the mostly noise level, illumination level, humidity level, and stack emission values were within the NEQS and OSHA values. Pearson's chi-square showed the significance (p = 0.05) relation between affected part of respondent and working section, nature of injury and working section. The overall health safety policy was not well applied and mostly workers were unaware about PPE.
Risk assessment and prevention of occupational accidents
2010
Being struck by moving objects, becoming caught up/jammed, cutting 35. Being struck by own hand tools 36. Being struck by moving parts of machinery-operating 37. Being struck by moving parts of machinery-maintenance 38. Being struck by moving parts of machinery-preparing 39. Being struck by moving parts of machinery-cleaning 9. Vehicles Collisions 40. Loss of control over vehicle 10. Electricity Electric shock 41. Contact with electricityelectrical equipment 42. Contact with electricitywhen installing/repairing 11. Heat or cold Burns 43 Burns-frostbite/burns from cold/hot surfaces or naked flames 44 Fires-combustion from "hot" work 12. Chemical Poisoning, etching 45. Discharge of hazardous chemicals from open containers 46. Contact with uncovered hazardous chemicals (without discharge) 47 Release of chemical risk from closed containerswork/filling/draining 48 Release of chemical risk from closed containers-without transportation 49. Release of chemical risk from closed containerswhen closing containers 50. Release of chemical risk from closed containerswork in the proximity of a discharge 13. Lifting, heavy loads Strain injuries 51. Extreme exertionsheavy lifting 52. Extreme exertionsinappropriate movements Walls, doors, buildings, access restrictions, railings, screens, filters, containers, tanks, pipe routings, etc Retain and prevent movement or displacement Safety belts, harnesses, hoarding, grilles, bolts, supports, etc Cohesion force, tensile strength, robustness, hardness Components that cannot fracture in sections, e.g. fracture-proof glass Energy absorbent, able to absorb released energy, transmitted energy
Occupational exposure in small and medium scale industry with specific reference to heat and noise
Noise and Health, 2010
This study was undertaken to assess heat and noise exposure and occupational safety practices in small and medium scale casting and forging units (SMEs) of Northern India. We conducted personal interviews of 350 male workers of these units through a comprehensive questionnaire and collected information on heat and noise exposure, use of protective equipment, sweat loss and water intake, working hour. The ambient wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT index) was measured using quest temp 34/36o area heat stress monitor. A-weighted Leq ambient noise was measured using a quest sound level meter "ANSI SI. 43-1997 (R 2002) type-1 model SOUNDPRO SE/DL". We also incorporated OSHA norms for hearing conservation which include-an exchange rate of 5dB(A), criterion level at 90dB(A), criterion time of eight hours, threshold level is equal to 80dB(A), upper limit is equal to 140dB(A) and with F/S response rate. Results of the study revealed that occupational heat exposure in melting, casting, forging and punching sections is high compared to ACGIH/NIOSH norms. Ambience noise in various sections like casting / molding, drop forging, cutting presses, punching, grinding and barreling process was found to be more than 90dB(A). About 95% of the workers suffered speech interference where as high noise annoyance was reported by only 20%. Overall, 68% workers were not using any personal protective equipment (PPE). The study concluded that the proportion of SME workers exposed to high level heat stress and noise (60-72 hrs/week) is high. The workers engaged in forging and grinding sections are more prone to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) at higher frequencies as compared to workers of other sections. It is recommended that there is a strong need to implement the standard of working hours as well as heat stress and noise control measures.
Principles of Safety and Occupational Health in
2012
The safety principles integrated in manufacturing processes based on nonconventional technologies must be adapted to the innovative, modern and still dangerous character of these technologies. This paper aims to present some particularities and challenges for worker safety brought by high-frequency plastic welding machine operation, and for another nonconventional technologies.
Analyzing the risks of accidents and occupational diseases from the perspective of the work system
New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption
The field of occupational safety and health is focused on identifying the risks of occupational injury or illness and applying measures to reduce them until they are eliminated. Occupational risks of occupational injury or illness from the point of view of occupational safety and health are present in all areas of activity. It is true that the magnitude of the risk is directly influenced by the degree of danger of the processes that take place in that field of activity and the probability with which they occur. Over time it has developed several forms of occupational risk analysis as a dimension. In this way, events leading to accidents or occupational diseases or to the environment can be better understood. In order to be able to measure the extent of the occupational risk of occupational injury or illness, assessment methods are used that quantify the occupational risk. The main purpose of the research study is to analyze the risks of accidents and occupational diseases taking into account the four elements of the work system: performer, means of production, production environment and workload. Following the assessment of the risks of occupational injury or improvement, managers receive information on the presence of occupational risks present in the organization, as well as the evolution of these risks when there are changes in production processes. These changes are due to changes in materials, manufacturing processes, legislative changes, upgrades, technological or environmental accidents, conversions or upgrades of production lines. The importance of the research study is represented by the identification and assessment of the risks of occupational injury and illness from the point of view of occupational safety that enter into the economic equation. Thus, we appreciate that the economic interest must not take precedence over considerations related to safety at work.