A Review: DC Microgrid Control and Energy Management System (original) (raw)

Analysis of Performance and Control of DC Microgrids as Electricity Providers for Renewable Energy

E3S Web of Conferences

The increase in demand for electrical energy is increasing rapidly, in line with economic growth. In developing the electricity system, electrical energy service providers must provide electrical energy according to demand with good quality. The generation of conventional electric energy systems that use fossil fuels faces depleting fossil fuel sources, poor efficiency, and environmental pollution. This technology is known as Distributed Generation (DG). Distributed Generation (DG) or Micro Grid (MG) is a small-scale power plant located close to the load. The use of distributed generators can improve the entire system's efficiency, reduce transmission losses, reduce pollution, and ensure the continuity of the distribution of electrical energy. However, the drastic increase in the use of DG causes problems in the form of voltage and frequency stability which will be disturbed due to rapid changes in the generation and loading rates. If this is left unchecked, it can harm system s...

A Review on DC Microgrid and Decentralized Approach

IJRASET, 2021

DC Microgrid is going to be a very important part of the Distribution system soon. The given circumstances have forced us to find how to utilize renewable energy sources in the integration to increase its reliability in our day-today life. This paper gives a good idea of the DC Microgrid and various methods being used for the controlling part of it. As day by day cost incurred in renewable energy generation is decreasing, we need to find out significant parts where this kind of DC Microgrid can be utilized to provide electricity in all parts of the country.

An Overview of DC Microgrids and Distribution Systems

GRD Journals, 2018

This paper presents an impression of the latest advancements in DC Distribution Systems. For the substantial increase in attention been gaining recently over the DC power systems, the researchers started exploring many issues that need to be taken account during this evolution period from existing conventional power systems to advancements in smart grids involving DC Microgrids. The researchers exertions recently were focused mostly toward the viability of implementing DC Distribution Systems on a given application, design related aspects on DC Distribution Systems such as its architecture, voltage level or the distinctive challenges connected with protection and stability of DC Power Systems. These research efforts were characterized, discussed and studied in this paper to assess where we presently existing on the changes in electrical energy systems from a staggering fully AC power system to the more flexible hybrid AC-DC power system. Additionally, the obstructions against more implementations of the DC distribution systems and few of the proposed remedies to overcome these obstacles will be discussed in this paper. One of the main difficulties to increase DC system utilization in insertion is due to the lack of proper standards in the system. The most recent issues, standardization efforts will be discussed, summarized and presented.

DC Bus Voltage Regulator for Renewable Energy Based Microgrid Application

2013

Renewable Energy based microgrids are being considered to provide electricity for the expanding energy demand in the grid distribution network and grid isolated areas. The technical challenges associated with the operation and controls are immense. Electricity generation by Renewable Energy Sources is of stochastic nature such that there is a demand for regulation of voltage output in order to satisfy the standard loads’ requirements. In a renewable energy based microgrid, the energy sources give stochastically variable magnitude AC or DC voltages. AC voltage regulation of micro and mini sources pose practical challenges as well as unbearable costs. It is therefore practically and economically viable to convert the voltage outputs from stochastic AC and DC voltage sources to constant DC voltage to satisfy various DC loads including inverters which ultimately feed AC loads. This paper presents results obtained from SEPIC converter based DC bus voltage regulator as a case study for re...

DC microgrids and distribution systems: An overview

This paper presents an overview of the most recent advances in DC distribution systems. Due to the significantly increasing interest that DC power systems have been gaining lately, researchers investigated several issues that need to be considered during this transition interval from current conventional power systems into modern smart grids involving DC microgrids. The efforts of these researchers were mostly directed toward studying the feasibility of implementing DC distribution on a given application, DC distribution design-related aspects such as the system architecture or its voltage level, or the unique challenges associated with DC power systems protection and stability. In this paper, these research efforts were categorized, discussed and analyzed to evaluate where we currently stand on the migration path from the overwhelming fully AC power system to a more flexible hybrid AC/DC power system. Moreover, the impediments against more deployment of DC distribution systems and some of the proposed solutions to overcome those impediments in the literature will be discussed. One of the obstacles to increased DC system penetration is the lack of standards. This problem will be discussed, and the most recent standardization efforts will also be summarized and presented.

Control Strategies in Dc Microgrid Environment

Microgrids are changing the traditional approach of addressing energy demands in a variety of communities and businesses. They open up new paths to a carbon-free, dependable, and resilient electric system. DC Microgrids are becoming more prevalent as power electronic converter technology advances. Today and in the future, higher fuel prices, deregulation, and environmental constraints present more opportunities for the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in power systems. A micro grid idea is necessary to integrate renewable energy sources into the electrical system. As a result, this proposed system has a micro grid control mechanism involving solar (PV), battery energy storage systems (BESS)and wind. To begin, voltage control alternatives for an island micro grid are investigated using hierarchical control approaches. Furthermore, the cost and electricity generated by renewable sources are calculated. Finally, this study presents an energy management system for micro grid functioning. In grid-connected mode, MATLAB and Arduino programming are used to find the lowest cost of electricity generation and power availability. The simulation results indicate that the suggested solutions are close to being accurate and efficient. The corresponding hardware model has been implemented.

A Review of DC Microgrid Energy Management Systems Dedicated to Residential Applications

Energies

The fast depletion of fossil fuels and the growing awareness of the need for environmental protection have led us to the energy crisis. Positive development has been achieved since the last decade by the collective effort of scientists. In this regard, renewable energy sources (RES) are being deployed in the power system to meet the energy demand. The microgrid concept (AC, DC) is introduced, in which distributed energy resources (DERs), the energy storage system (ESS) and loads are interconnected. DC microgrids are appreciated due to their high efficiency and reliability performance. Despite its significant growth, the DC microgrid is still relatively novel in terms of grid architecture and control systems. In this context, an energy management system (EMS) is essential for the optimal use of DERs in secure, reliable, and intelligent ways. Therefore, this paper strives to shed light on DC microgrid architecture, control structure, and EMS. With an extensive literature survey on EMS...