Dental Caries Frequency & its Determinants among Adults of District Kohat & Nowshera Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan (original) (raw)
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Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2022
Background: Dental caries is a global public health problem, and affects 60-90% of children; and has relationship with social; dietary; and behavioral factors. The main objective of this study was to assess the frequency and risk factors of dental caries among children of District Nowshera Pakistan. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in District Nowshera, in which a total of n=295 children were examined regarding presence of dental caries, from January to April 2022. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data regarding determinants of dental caries and its risk factors from parents. Data was analyzed by SPSS and results were presented in form of tables. Results: The results showed that 60.68% of children had dental caries. Approximately, 54.92% were male; 64.41% had age < 5 years; 42.03% were working mothers; and 53.56% were form rural setup. Moreover; 46.78% use toothbrush; 26.78% use fluoride toothpaste; 73.56% were breastfed; 20.0% were bottle fed; and 83.39% had night feeding. Furthermore; 29.49% children preferred high caloric food intake; 32.88% prefer sugars in food; and 47.80% added sugar during bottle feeding of their children. Conclusions: It was concluded that dental caries showed moderate to high frequency among children; and showed strong relationship family income, body mass index, parent's education level; and job status of parents. Moreover, frequency of toothbrushing, fluoride toothpaste , and sugar preference showed association with dental caries and thus social, dietary and health promotion strategies were needed to reduce prevalence and complications of dental caries.
Study of the prevalence of dental caries in adults
Journal of Medical and Dental Practice
Aim: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of dental caries in individuals over 18. Materials and methods: Patients over 18 participated in the study after signing informed consent. The risk factors for developing dental caries were evaluated-carbohydrate diet, oral hygiene, and saliva with its characteristics. Results: The obtained results show that the risk factors for developing dental caries intake of carbohydrate foods and oral hygiene in most participants are high risk, leading to their oral risk profile. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated significant levels of carbohydrate intake and poor oral hygiene in most of the patients; according to WHO recommendations for improving the oral health of the population, the focus should be placed on prevention, health education, promotion of oral health, and implementation of preventive measures in them by creating preventative programs.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
Dental caries is a rapidly emerging oral health problem amid the children with differing prevalence rate in different states of India. The data available from Ghaziabad city regarding dental caries are scarce; therefore, the study was conducted in 5-15-year school going children in urban population of Ghaziabad. Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of dental caries in school going children of 5-15-year age groups in urban population of Ghaziabad and to assess and intercorrelate its relationship with the form, frequency and total sugar exposure, socioeconomic status (SES) of family, and fluoride in drinking water. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in 3,000 school going children aged 5-15 years (divided into three age groups of 5-6, 7-12, and 13-15 years) studying in the government and private schools in the urban area of Ghaziabad city. A specifically designed pro forma was used for recording the personal data; sociodemographic profile; World Health Organization oral health assessment form for dental caries; 24-hour dietary recall to record the form, frequency, and total number of sugar exposure; and SES of the family (Kuppuswamy scale) of children. The concentration of fluoride in collected samples of drinking water was measured by the visual spectrophotometric method test. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed. Results: The overall caries prevalence in 5-15-year age group was found to be 54.6%. There was a statistical significant difference found when the age-group comparison (p = 0.001), gender-wise comparison (p = 0.001), SES comparison (p = 0.002), the physical form of sugar intake (p = 0.038), frequency of sugar consumption at/between meals (p = 0.001), and total number of sugar exposure during last 24 hours (p = 0.001) were evaluated with caries prevalence. The mean water fluoride level in the surveyed area was found to be 0.48 ppm and was found to be nonsignificantly (p = 0.248) associated with caries prevalence. Conclusion: The risk factors, such as age, gender, physical form of sugar, frequency of sugar consumption at and between meal and total number of sugar exposure during the last 24 hours, and SES of parents, were found to be associated with the prevalence of dental caries in school going children of 5-15-year age group.
Dietary Factors Influencing the Caries Status of Adults in Karachi, Pakistan: Initial Findings
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Objective: The objective was to identify the relationship between the dietary factors related to increases in the number of dental caries among an adult population group. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving adult patients and their accompanying person, aged 18 years and above (n = 1730) visiting the dental outpatient department (OPD) of a public sector tertiary healthcare institute in Karachi, Pakistan. A 39-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was administered to the patients, followed by a dental caries assessment using Radke’s WHO criteria. Caries assessment data were transformed into the DMFT Index (D = decayed, M = missing, F = filled teeth). Factor analysis (FA) was performed using Stata v. 11.0, followed by assessing the internal consistency of the FFQ. Multilogistic analysis was performed to explore the association between dental caries (cut-off = 5) and other independent variables, considering a p-value < 0.05 as significant. Results: The mean age...
SciDoc Publishers, 2020
Dental caries is one of the most infectious diseases worldwide. Dental caries also referred to as tooth decay is a multifactorial disease characterized by demineralisation of inorganic substance of the tooth. Progression of dental caries was directly proportional to the poor oral health maintenance. Poor oral health affects the individuals identity resulting in low confidence levels. Among the older age individuals, dental caries were more common, due to poor oral maintenance and dental neglect. Dental neglect is the main reason for caries at an older age, due to poor socioeconomic status, lifestyle etc. The main aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries and oral hygiene status among the 35-40 years adult population attending a private dental college. This was a record based study with a sample size of 701, irrespective of the gender. This study was conducted in a university setting in Saveetha Dental College, Chennai. Data was collected from a case sheet record. The data was then categorised according to their age groups, gender, DMFT index values and OHIS index values. The coding was done in MS Excel Sheets. Results were then carried out using IBM SPSS Version 20.0 followed by the tabulation and graphical illustration. Independent t-test was used to compare the mean DMFT and OHI score with age and gender respectively. The results revealed that females (7.80 ± 3.88) were more prone for caries than the males (6.53± 3.46) with high prevalence was found among the 38-40 years age group. In conclusion, dental caries were highly prevalent among females with a mean value of 7.8 and commonly among the age group 38-40 years.
BMC Oral Health, 2018
Background: Dental caries is the most common dental health problem caused by the interaction of bacteria on tooth enamel. Risk factors for dental caries include salivary composition and inadequate fluoride. However, other factors, such as standard of living, behavior, hygiene, eating habits, social status and socio-demographic factors, also contribute to the evolution of caries. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among patients attending the dental clinic in Debre Tabor General Hospital in North West Ethiopia. Method: An institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 systematically selected patients attending Debre Tabor General Hospital dental clinic from May 8-20, 2017. The data were collected using pre-tested questionnaire and oral examination by a qualified dental professional. Basic hygienic procedures were observed during an oral examination. The teeth were examined for dental caries by the presence of decay, missing and filled teeth. The data were entered into Epi-Info version 3.5 and cleaned and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive summary of the data and logistic regression were used to identify possible predictors using odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and P-value of 0.05. Results: A total of 280 subjects participated in the study; among whom 129 (46.1%) were female and nearly two-thirds of the respondents 208 (74.3%) attended formal education. The study revealed k8that the overall prevalence of dental caries was 78.2%. Dental caries was lower among respondents who had good oral hygiene status (AOR = 0.05, 95% CI, 0.02, 0.81). Dental caries was higher among participants who earned less than 5000 Eth Birr per month (AOR = 8.43, 95% CI, 2.6, 27.2). Dental caries was lower among respondents who had good knowledge (AOR = 0.51, 95% CI, 0.03, 0.64). Conclusions: Prevalence of dental caries was high and found public health problem. Socioeconomic status, educational level, and poor oral hygiene practices were associated factors for dental caries. Health promotion about oral hygiene and integration of services are supremely important for the prevention of the problem of dental caries.
International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 2014
The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of dental caries in relation to oral hygiene habits and food intake among women at university in Saudi Arabia.A sample of 935 undergraduate university women was selected from the King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A previously pretested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Odds ratios were calculated to estimate the risk of dental caries associated with oral hygiene and food intake.The findings revealed that women who cleaned their teeth three times or more per day mostly cleaned their teeth after intake of sweets and chocolates, and had no gingivitis were at less risk of dental caries than other women (p=0.029, p=0.000 and p=0.000, respectively). The intake of milk, fruit and vegetables on 4 days or more per week was found to protect against dental caries (odds ratios=0.34, 0.64 and 0.73, respectively), whereas the intake of chocolate and soft drinks for the same period was found to be a risk factor for dent...
The relationship of caries with oral hygiene status and extra-oral risk factors
Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
Dental caries is a lifetime disease, with highest priority risk group between 11-14 years of age group. Environmental factors such as culture, socioeconomic status, life style and dietary pattern can have a greater impact on caries-resistance or development. The present study was performed to evaluate the relationship between dental caries, oral hygiene status and risk factors among students. Oral examination was performed in 242 adolescent between 11 and 14 years to check decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and simplified oral hygiene (OHI-S) score. A questionnaire was distributed to gather data concerning external modifying risk factors such as socioeconomic status, oral hygiene practices and snacking habits. Average DMFT was found, 3.27 and OHI-S score was fair in majority of students. DMFT in 67.77% of students fell between 0 and 3. The prevalence of caries is significantly higher in female students as compared to their male counterparts. The major component of the DM...
Nepal Medical College Journal
Dental caries is the most common oral health issue for the general population. Dental caries not only affects the quality of life but also brings economic burden to individual and society. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dental caries and associated factors among patients. An analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients visiting Department of Oral Medicine of Nepal Medical College Dental Hospital of Kathmandu. The results showed that overall prevalence of dental caries was 81.6%. Dental caries among participants between 25-34 years was highest (33.1%) and more among females (84.9%). Majority of the participants used toothbrush 96.8%, while 78.3% used fluoridated toothpaste. Even though most study participants claimed to use toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste, prevalence of dental caries was high.
2019
Introduction/Background Knowledge: Dental caries is one of the most important dental health problems in developing countries prevalence rate being 50 to 60 %. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and severity of dental caries in subjects (both males and females, divided into 5 groups, age between 5 to 74 years) of the outpatient department of Rajiv Gandhi Medical College Kalwa, Thane. Methodology: This research was performed as descriptive and cross-sectional study for a period of 3 months from October to December 2018 on 1505 subjects. A revised World Health Organization (WHO) Questionnaire was used. The dental examination was performed according to the methodology of oral status evaluation recommendations by WHO. The prevalence of dental caries, DMFT/deft Index score, and Significant Caries Index were determined. The statistical test Chi-square test was used to find the association between variables. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was 99.26%. Mean DMFT Ind...