Review of small hydropower technology (original) (raw)
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Prospects of Small Hydropower Technology
Renewable Hydropower Technologies, 2017
Small hydropower (SHP) belongs to renewable energy technology group and is a form of attractive power generation environmental perspective because of its potential to be found in small rivers and streams. Many countries use the technology of small hydro as a renewable energy source in order to minimize existing environmental effects in the production of electricity and have the maximum use of water, a renewable resource. This technology has shown prominence on the world stage with seemingly insignificant environmental effects on rivers, water channels, and dams.
Small hydro power: technology and current status
Hydropower, large and small, remains by far the most important of the "renewables" for electrical power production worldwide, providing 19% of the planet's electricity. Small-scale hydro is in most cases "run-of-river", with no dam or water storage, and is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally benign energy technologies to be considered both for rural electrification in less developed countries and further hydro developments in Europe. The European Commission have a target to increase small hydro capacity by 4500MW (50%) by the year 2010. The UK has 100MW of existing small hydro capacity (under 5MW) operating from approximately 120 sites, and at least 400MW of unexploited potential. With positive environmental policies now being backed by favourable tariffs for 'green' electricity, the industry believes that small hydro will have a strong resurgence in Europe in the next 10 years, after 20 years of decline. This paper summarises the different small hydro technologies, new innovations being developed, and the barriers to further development.
Energy Generation By Using Small Hydro Power-An Analysis
IRJET, 2022
Small or micro hydropower projects (SHP or MHP) are helpful for the solution of sustainable, eco-friendly, longterm, and renewable resources of energy for the future. Most of the electricity shortage is on the rural side of every country, so the alternate energy source for household power requirements is essential. Also, this source must be portable and easily operated by the common man. This paper shows different types of micro-hydro turbine which can be used in remote areas nearby river or water resources that should be more efficient and some studies also has analysis.
Hydropower, large and small, remains by far the most important of the " renewable " for electrical power production worldwide. Small-scale hydro is in most cases " run-of-river " , with no dam, and is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally benign energy technologies to be considered both for rural electrification in less developed countries and developed countries for further hydro developments countries(like Ethiopia). This paper addresses power generation for rural applications by means of small hydropower plants by using cross-flow turbine systems .The cross-flow turbine is suitable for installing small hydroelectric power plants in case of low head and flow rate. Using mathematical analysis a complete design of such turbines has been done in this paper. Abstract-Hydropower, large and small, remains by far the most important of the " renewable " for electrical power production worldwide. Small-scale hydro is in most cases " run-of-river " , with no dam, and is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally benign energy technologies to be considered both for rural electrification in less developed countries and developed countries for further hydro developments countries(like Ethiopia). This paper addresses power generation for rural applications by means of small hydropower plants by using cross-flow turbine systems .The cross-flow turbine is suitable for installing small hydroelectric power plants in case of low head and flow rate. Using mathematical analysis a complete design of such turbines has been done in this paper. The complete design parameters such as, Turbine material, runner diameter, runner length, water jet thickness, blade spacing, radius of blade curvature, turbine power, turbine speed, number of blades, and any losses in the pipe due to friction, were determined at maximum turbine efficiency. Small Hydro turbine System Design Operation procedure, Recommendations and possible economic impact for small hydropower generation are also highlighted.
Small Hydro Power Schemes: Technical Aspects
International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences, 2017
Small hydro systems play a major role in meeting power requirements of remote, isolated, hilly areas in a decentralized manner by tapping water streams, rivulets and canals of small discharge. Small hydroelectric system captures the energy in flowing water and converts it to electricity.Of all the non-conventional renewable energy sources, small hydro stands first as it is more resourceful, reduces system losses, environment friendly, non-consumptive and source is renewable due to their enormous advantages over large hydro and other power plants, lot of small hydro-power plants have come up across the world to meet the ever increasing demand of electrical energy. Lowering the high initial cost of the small hydro-power plants and its popularization is today’s challenges. This paper describes basic techniques design of the small hydro-power development.
Small Scale Hydro Turbines for Sustainable Rural Electrification Program
2018
Article history: Received 30 March 2018 Received in revised form 1 August 2018 Accepted 4 August 2018 Available online 10 September 2018 Hydropower is one of the world leading green alternative energy to produce electricity besides solar and wind energy. Most potential sites for large hydropower scheme in Peninsular Malaysia have been explored. Due to cabling cost and geographical constraints rural electrification program requires in-situ application which make small hydropower scheme more favourable choice. This run-of-river scheme is environmental friendly as no dam is required. Potential locations in Malaysia have been suggested for small hydro turbine applications, which are ideal for eco-friendly tourist industry and remote power supply. The two such sites are Kg. Tual, Raub, Pahang and Gunung Ledang, Tangkak, Johor. The preliminary studies have been conducted at both locations to select suitable hydro turbine based on their head and water flow rate. Altimeter and water velocit...
2015
There is no universal standard definition of small hydro development. Different country adopts different specifications. Definition of SHP varies worldwide. In India install capacity less than 25MW is considered as small hydro. Although SHP technology is considered as a matured, reliable, environmental friendly and do not create any pollution during operation and offer highly reliable power with low running and maintenance cost. But India is lacking in implementing such projects effectively in spite of having good potential of 20,000 MW.India is need to go for structural change in SHP investment policies and funding practices for research and development in SHP in order to reach parity with China which is fastest growing country in overall hydro power sector including SHP. The paper is addressing present scenario of SHP in India, about its achievements, gaps in harnessing the untapped potential and emerging technologies. Furthermore it also emphasis on existing policies and its impl...
SMALL HYDROPOWER RELEVANCE FOR BASIC ENERGY NEED IN AFRICA
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 2018
Africa has abundance of various resources to make it a giant continent but due to inadequate energy generation, full exploration of all these resources is continuously hindered leading to inability to meet up to her full status. Hydropower (HP) is one the energy sources that is available, renewable and sustainable but has been experiencing low patronage. Many researchers have reported the abundance of potential sites in Africa suitable for small hydro-utilization below 100 megawatts which can serve as isolated systems or supply national grids. Small hydro-power (SHP) generates clean and renewable electrical energy and is one of the most cost effective and environmental friendly energy generation technologies available. This paper reviews the distribution of hydro-power in Africa, its advantages, and some of the technologies involved in bringing power through SHP to all including rural dwellers.
Design and Analysis of Small Hydro Power for Rural Electrification
Global Journal of Research In Engineering, 2016
Hydropower, large and small, remains by far the most important of the “renewable” for electrical power production worldwide. Small-scale hydro is in most cases “run-of-river”, with no dam, and is one of the most cost-effective and environmentally benign energy technologies to be considered both for rural electrification in less developed countries and developed countries for further hydro developments countries(like Ethiopia). This paper addresses power generation for rural applications by means of small hydropower plants by using cross-flow turbine systems .The cross-flow turbine is suitable for installing small hydro-electric power plants in case of low head and flow rate. Using mathematical analysis a complete design of such turbines has been done in this paper.
World Small Hydropower Development Report 2013
United Nations Industrial Development Organization and International Center on Small Hydro Power, 2013
Liu, H., Masera, D. and Esser, L., eds. (2013). World Small Hydropower Development Report 2013. United Nations Industrial Development Organization; International Center on Small Hydro Power. Available from www.smallhydroworld.org.