Hypertension among adolescents in Nigeria: a retrospective study of adolescent university freshmen (original) (raw)
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Prevalence of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents in a Private University in Nigeria
Babcock University Medical Journal (BUMJ), 2015
Objectives: High blood pressure among adolescents is not as researched as it is among adults, notwithstanding that hypertension in adults is being tracked back to childhood. This study identied the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents, the age related pattern of prevalence and associated risk factors. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among university students who presented for preadmission medical examination. Blood pressuremeasurement was conducted and cut off reading was based on JNC VII classication for hypertension. Results: A total of 952 students had complete data. Participants were aged 14 – 19 years with a mean age of 16.6 ± 1.03 years. Prevalence of hypertensionamong the adolescents was 6.4%. High blood pressure (HBP) distribution was as follows; systolic HBP (54%), diastolic HBP (31.15%) and combinedsystolic and diastolic HBP (14.75%). The risk factors significantly associated with HBP were male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking and high...
Pre-Hypertension and Hypertension in Adolescence: How much does it occur in a Nigerian Community?
West African journal of medicine
Background: Hypertension is an important worldwide public-health challenge because of its high frequency and concomitant risks of cardiovascular and kidney disease. Previous studies have documented that hypertension may begin in adolescence, perhaps even in childhood. Objectives: This study set out to determine the prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension in adolescence in a Nigerian community. Methods: A cross-sectional screening of blood pressure of secondary school students was conducted in Sagamu local government area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Total sample of 1638 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years were chosen from stratified schools and from various classes of selected schools. Their blood pressure was assessed. Results: The prevalence of pre-hypertension in this population ranged from 0-10.5% in male students and 0-2.9% in female students across the age. In the whole population the prevalence of systolic and diastolic pre-hypertension were 1.6% and 0.5% respectively...
Pre-Hypertension And Hypertension In Apparently Healthy Adolescents In Calabar, Nigeria
Global Journal of Community Medicine, 2009
Hypertension is a major public health burden in sub-Saharan Africa. It has been shown to track from adolescence to adulthood. Pre-hypertension refers to consistent systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure (BP) measurement between 90-< 95 th percentile, while hypertension is when systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95 th percentile for age and sex. Prehypertension is considered heightened risk for developing hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension among urban adolescents in Calabar, south eastern Nigeria. This was a cross sectional survey using multistage sampling techniques among adolescents between the ages of 10-18 years in four secondary schools in Calabar metropolis. Blood pressures and anthropometric measurements were taken and body mass index was calculated. Three hundred and seventy five subjects were assessed, 146 males and 229 females. The prevalence of hypertension was 6.7%, pre-hypertension was 7.5% and that of obesity was 1.9%. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) for males was 114.00 ± 13.04mmHg while that for females was 115.18 ± 12.18mmHg. Only the SBP were found to increase significantly with age (p<0.001), though both showed progressive increase with age. The mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) for males was 62.55 ± 8.10mmHg and 63.16 ± 9.36mmHg for females. The mean BMI was 18.52 ± 2.35 for males and 19.16 ± 3.60 for females and increase with age was statistically significant (p<0.001). The prevalence of both hypertension and pre-hypertension in this adolescent population appears high and necessitates public health attention. It is recommended that larger studies in different Nigerian adolescent populations be conducted to determine the prevalence of hypertension nationwide so that early remedial actions may be taken.
High Blood Pressure amongst Adolescents in Lagos, South West Nigeria
International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health
Adolescent high blood pressure (HBP), now a growing significant health problem with lasting consequences on cardiovascular health, was considered rare at a time. Several end-organ complications could occur if this asymptomatic condition is uncontrolled, and tracks into adulthood. The 2004 Fourth Report was developed to address the cumbersome challenges in the detection of adolescent hypertension. Aims: This study sought to determine high blood pressure prevalence amongst adolescents in Mushin Local Government Area (LGA) using the 2004 Fourth report. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Fourteen secondary schools, in Mushin Local Government Area (LGA) between August 2020 and December 2020. Methodology: A two-stage sampling method was utilized in selecting 14 secondary schools. Within selected schools; participants were recruited from each class by proportional allocation using the school’s register. Students were stratified as males and females using the...
Hypertension and its correlates among in‑school adolescents in Ekiti State, South‑west, Nigeria
Asian Journal of Medical Sciences
Background: Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Though generally believed to be a disease of the adults, It has been shown to start in early life and tracks through adolescence into adulthood. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among adolescents in Ekiti State. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross sectional survey involving 416 secondary school adolescents aged 10 to 19 years. A 'twostage' sampling technique was used to select the subjects. Facilitated self-administered questionnaire was used for the study. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. Level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: A total of 416 students participated in the study. Prevalence of hypertension was 10.1% with male and female prevalence rates of 5.8% and 14.4% respectively (P=0.004). Hypertension was higher among adolescents with BMI ≥ the 85 th percentile for age and sex compared to those with lower BMI (P=0.004). There was a weak positive correlation between BMI and blood pressure in the study (Systolic r=0.33, P=0.001: diastolic r=0.31, P=0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that hypertension is not a rare phenomenon among adolescents and that female gender and high BMI were the main risk factors for adolescent hypertension in this study.
The Pan African Medical Journal, 2018
Introduction in the past, the need for regular blood pressure screening in children was doubtful, and the main reason against it is that hypertension is an adult illness and there is no evidence that screening healthy children for hypertension was worthwhile. We did this study to determine the prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension as well as some risk factors for hypertension among secondary school adolescents in an urban area of the South-East, Nigeria. Methods this was a cross-sectional study of 984 adolescents aged 10-19 years in secondary schools in Awka South Local Government Area of Anambra state, South-East, Nigeria. The multi-stage sampling method was used to select the subjects. Data were collected from all eligible subjects with the aid of a questionnaire administered to them. Weight, height, and blood pressure were measured and recorded. Results nine hundred and eighty-four adolescents were recruited for this study, and they comprised 470 (47.8%) males and 514 (5...
Casual blood pressure of adolescents attending public secondary schools in Maiduguri, Nigeria
Clinical Hypertension, 2015
Introduction: Although evidence exists that adolescents' hypertension could lead to adults' hypertension, it is a general belief that measures for early detection and treatment of this condition is seldom undertaken especially in medically underserved communities such as Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria. This study investigated the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among adolescents in Maiduguri, Nigeria, and explored the association between undiagnosed hypertension and adolescents' physical characteristics and parental socio-demographic factors. Methods: Participants' physical characteristics were assessed, and information on their socio-demographics including parental socioeconomic status were obtained. Blood pressures and heart rates of the participants were also measured three times at 5-10-min period. Results: The prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension among the students was 13.2 %, and overwhelming majority (82.4 %) of the hypertensive students were in the prehypertensive stage, while 17.6 % were in the stage 1 classification of hypertension. Higher prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension was observed for the females compared to the male adolescents (X 2 = 15.49, p = 0.001), and presence of undiagnosed hypertension is positively but tenuously linked to age (r = 0.11, p = 0.01), body mass index (r = 0.10, p = 0.01), and parental income (r = 0.26, p = 0.02) of the students. Discussion: This study suggests that any effective programs designed to mitigate undiagnosed hypertension among adolescents in this city should include strategies that address possible barriers to physical activity and exercise among female adolescents in the society.
European Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2020
Background: Hypertension and associated factors among adolescents have not been given the deserved attention in health care, more so as hypertensive children end up as hypertensive adults with serious co-morbidities. This is even more expedient among public school students, who in our environment are generally of lower socioeconomic status than those in private schools. Objective: To determine the BP profiles and association of obesity indicators, socioeconomic level and physical activity with hypertension among public secondary school students. Methodology: A cross-sectional school-based assessment of blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), weight to height ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC), physical activity and socioeconomic level among 593 students aged 10 – 17 years in public schools in Nnewi, Southeast Nigeria was carried out. Results: The mean systolic BP increased with age and was higher for girls than for boys. The prevalence of systolic hypertension and prehyperten...
Background: Hypertension has been shown to start in early life and to track into adulthood. Detecting adolescents with hypertension and prehypertension will aid early intervention and reduce morbidity and mortality from the disorders. This study reports the point-prevalence of the two disorders in a semi-urban and an urban population of school-going adolescents in Nigeria. Methods: A total of 843 adolescents from two places of domicile were studied. Their blood pressures and anthropometric indices were measured using standard protocol. Point-hypertension and point-prehypertension were defined with respect to each subject's gender, age and height. The prevalence of the disorders was calculated and reported age-wise and nutritional status-wise.