Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Profiles in Beef Heifers with Single and Twin Pregnancies (original) (raw)
Related papers
General and Comparative Endocrinology, 1996
The developmental pattern of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) and plasma IGF-I concentrations were examined in longissimus dorsi (LD), trapezius (TR), and liver from the last third of gestation up to 1 year of age in male Large White (LW) and Meishan (MS) pigs. Plasma IGF-I concentrations increased between 75 days of gestation and 180 days of age with a 100-fold increase and decreased thereafter. At 180 and 365 days of age, plasma IGF-I concentrations were higher in LW than in MS pigs. 125 I-IGF-I specific binding was detected in liver and skeletal muscle (not determined in fetal TR) from 75 days of gestation until the adult stage in both breeds. Affinity cross-linking experiments followed by electrophoresisunder reducing conditions revealed the presence of one band with an apparent molecular weight of 140 kDa in fetal liver and LD. In displacement experiments, data indicated that IGF-I bound specifically to IGF-IR in both prenatal and postnatal tissues. Specific binding increased between 75 and 90 days of gestation in both liver and LD. It remained elevated until 103-113 days of gestation and tended to be higher in MS than in LW fetal liver. After birth, it decreased to remain stable thereafter. The developmental pattern of IGF-IR is concluded to be similar in liver and skeletal muscle of LW and MS pigs. The few differences observed between LW and MS pigs cannot account for their different growth performances. The high binding in fetus suggests that IGF-IR may play an important role in fetal growth and development. r
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2004
The objective of the present study was to determine the plasma level of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in relation to mammary blood flow and milk yield including biological variables of relevance to milk synthesis in two different types of crossbred Holstein cattle at 3 different stages of lactation. Eight heifers were 87.5% HF and eight 50% HF animals were selected for the experiments. The three stages of lactation tested were: early lactation (30 days postpartum), mid-lactation (120 days postpartum) and late lactation (210 days postpartum). Animals in each group were fed a concentrate and rice straw treated with 5% urea as the source of roughage throughout the experiments. In early lactation, mammary blood flow and milk yield of 87.5% HF animals were significantly higher than those of 50% HF animals. In mid-and late lactation, both mammary blood flow and milk yield showed a proportional decrease from the early lactating period of 87.5% HF animals. The trends for persistency were observed in 50% HF animals as for udder blood flow and milk yield throughout the experimental periods. The plasma glucose level of the 50% HF animals was significantly higher than those of 87.5% HF animals in both early and mid-lactation. The concentrations of arterial plasma free fatty acids (C 16 to C 18 ) were higher in 50% HF animals as compared with 87.5% HF animals in all periods of study. In early lactation, the concentration of plasma growth hormone (GH) of 87.5% HF animals was higher than those of the 50% HF animals, thereafter the mean level of plasma growth hormone declined in both mid-and late lactation. The concentration of plasma IGF-I of 50% HF animals was significantly higher than those of 87.5% HF animals in all stages of lactation. There were no differences among stages of lactation for the levels of plasma IGF-I, insulin and growth hormone in 50% HF animals. In 87.5% HF animals, the plasma levels of both IGF-I and insulin were lower in early lactating period while it showed an increase during mid-and late lactation. The present results indicated that the regulatory role for the higher mammary blood flow and milk yield during lactation in 87.5% HF are not mediated via the higher level of circulating IGF-I. Differences in mammary blood flow and milk yield between 50% HF and 87.5% HF animals are in part due to a higher concentration of circulating growth hormone. The lower level of circulating growth hormone in 50% HF animals would be regulated by higher levels of IGF-I, free fatty acid and glucose in plasma. (Asian-Aust.
Regulatory Peptides, 1993
Cord sera were obtained from 44 term, human infants exhibiting various patterns of intrauterine growth and were assayed for IGF-1, IGF-2, and IGFBP-1, 2, and 3 by specific RIAs. Serum levels were correlated with birth weight (BW), ponderal index (PI), and placental weight (PW). Total IGF-1 levels correlated significantly with BW (r = 0.392), PW (r = 0.351), and PI (r = 0.481). By contrast, the correlation of IGF-2 with birth weight was not statistically significant (r= 0.264, P= 0.091). The association of IGF-2 with PI, however, was significant (r = 3.348, P = 0.024). IGFBP-3 exhibited significant correlations with BW, PI, and PW, similar to those seen with IGF-1. IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2, however, were not significantly related to growth parameters. IGF-1 levels correlated strongly with IGFBP-3 levels (r= 0.646, P= 0.001). By contrast, IGF-1 correlated with the reciprocal of both IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2. Based upon in vitro affinity constants, theoretical concentrations for each [IGF/IGFBP] complex, free IGFs, and free IGFBPs were calculated for each infant. Multiple regression analysis was performed including all 11 calculated variables and correlated with each growth parameter. This analysis revealed that an integrated expression of IGF activity exhibited stronger correlations with growth than each individual peptide species (BW, r = 0.681; PI, r = 0.660; PW, r = 0.658). These data further support roles for IGF related peptides (IGFRPs) in human fetal and placental growth and suggest regulatory/ counterregulatory roles for the IGFBPs. It also supports the hypothesis that individual IGFRPs interact in a complex manner to define 'net IGF activity' in relation to fetal growth and/or metabolic status.
Animals, 2021
This study aimed to determine the effects of age at first gestation on offspring growth performance, glucose metabolism, and IGF1 concentration. Heifers impregnated by AI from a single bull at 15 months of age (15 M, n = 20), or 27 months of age (27 M, n = 20), and multiparous cows (adult, n = 20) were used. Dams from all groups were managed in a single group during gestation and lactation. Gestational length was longer in the 15 M and 27 M than in adult dams (p = 0.009). Bodyweight at birth, at weaning and ADG during lactation were higher in calves from adult dams than in those from 27 M dams, and higher in calves from the latter than in 15 M calves (p < 0.001). Calves from 15 M dams had an increased head circumference/BW ratio compared to calves from 27 M dams, while calves from this latter group had an increased ratio compared to calves from adults (p = 0.005). Body mass index was greater in calves from adults than in those from 15 M and 27 M dams (p = 0.002). Milk production ...
Early Human Development, 1996
Cord sera were obtained from term, Chilean newborns exhibiting various patterns of intrauterine growth and assayed for IGF-I, IGF-2, IGFBP-I, IGPBP-2, and IGFESP-3 by specific radioimmunoassays @IA). Serum levels of each peptide were correlated with birth weight (BW), ponderal index (PI), and placental weight (PW). Total IGF-I levels correlated with BW (r = 0.665, P = O.OOOl), PI (r = 0.527, P = 0.004), and PW (r = 0.596, P = 0.0017). Iu contrast, IGF-2 failed to correlate with any growth parameter. Of the three binding proteins, IGFEP-3 exhibited the strongest relationship to each growth parameter. IGPIW-3 correlated significantly with BW (r = 0.71, P i O.OOOl), PI (r = 0.782, P < O.OOOl), and PW (r = 0.57, P = 0.0029). In addition IGFFSP-3 levels positively correlated to IGF-1 levels (r = 0.614, P = 0.0005). By contrast, circulating IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 were inversely related to IGF-I levels. A11 five peptides were subjected to multiple regression analysis and *Corresponding author. Tel.: + 1 314 4542114; fax: + 1 314 7217480 0378-3782/96/$15.00 0 1996 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved PIf SO378-3782(96)01737-9 16 M. Osorio et al. I Early Hutnan Development 46 (1996) 15-26
Frontiers in Endocrinology, 2018
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play a critical role in fetal growth, and components of the IGF system have been associated with fetal growth restriction in women. In human pregnancy, the proteolytic cleavage of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs), particularly IGFBP-4, releases free IGF for respective action at the tissue level. The aim of the present study was to determine IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and IGFBP-4 concentrations by Western ligand blotting during pregnancy until day 100 in cows and to compare these concentrations with those of non-pregnant cows and cows undergoing embryonic/fetal mortality. Therefore, two study trials (I and II) and an in vitro study were conducted. In study I, 43 cows were not pregnant, 34 cows were pregnant, and 4 cows were undergoing fm. In study II, 500 cows were examined, and 7 cases of pregnancy loss between days 24-27 and 34-37 after artificial insemination (AI, late embryonic mortality; em) and 8 cases of pregnancy loss between days 34-37 and 54-57 after AI (late embryonic mortality and early fetal mortality; em/fm) were defined from the analyses of 30 pregnant and 20 non-pregnant cows randomly selected for insulin-like growth factor 1 and IGFBP analyses. In vitro serum from pregnant (n = 3) and non-pregnant (n = 3) cows spiked after incubation with recombinant human (rh) IGFBP-4 for 24 h, and IGFBP-4 levels were analyzed before and after incubation to detect proteolytic degradation. The IGFBP-2,-3, and-4 concentrations did not decline during early pregnancy in cows, while IGFBP-4 concentrations were comparable between pregnant and non-pregnant cows, irrespective of low proteolytic activity, which was also demonstrated in cows. Interestingly, cows with em or fm showed distinct IGFBP patterns. The IGFBP-2 and-3 concentrations were higher (P < 0.05) in cows with fm compared to pregnant. The IGFBP-4 levels were significantly higher in cows developing fm. Thus, distinct differences in the circulating IGFBP concentrations could be associated with late embryonic and early fetal losses in cattle.
Journal of animal science, 1991
A study was undertaken to determine the effect of selection for high weaning weight on concentrations of plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in sheep and to evaluate the usefulness of measuring IGF-I as an aid in identification of genotypes with a higher growth potential. Lambs from two lines selected for high 120-d weight (HW and DH) and an unselected control (C) were weighed and blood samples collected monthly from birth to weaning (4 mo. of age). A clear differentiation in size occurred after 1 mo of age between lines, between sexes, and between singles and twins. At weaning, selected lines were 3.8 and 5.0 kg heavier than controls. Plasma IGF-I concentrations were 1.5 to 2 times higher (P less than .001) in males than in females after 1 mo of age. There were no significant differences in IGF-I concentration between lines or types of birth. However, line DH and single lambs on average had higher concentrations of IGF-I. Within sex and type of birth correlations between IG...
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 2002
The current review aims to establish insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I) as the factor that signals nutritional status to the reproductive axis, and show that assessment of IGF-I in blood early postpartum during the negative energy balance (NEB) period could be used to predict both nutritional and reproductive status in dairy cattle. The review also explores the effect of nutritional status on circulating IGF-I concentrations and the endocrine role of IGF-I on the reproductive axis. IGF-I plays an important role in gonadotropininduced folliculogenesis, ovarian steroidogenesis and corpus luteum (CL) function. It also modulates pituitary and hypothalamus function. IGF-I clearly has an endocrine role on the reproductive axis. Severe under nutrition significantly reduces plasma IGF-I concentrations. During the critical period of NEB in high yielding dairy cattle early postpartum, IGF-I concentrations are low in blood and its levels are positively correlated to energy status and reproductive function during this period. Changes in circulating IGF-I immediately postpartum may help predict both nutritional and reproductive status in dairy cattle. IGF-I is therefore one of the long sought factors that signal nutritional status to the reproductive axis.
Domestic Animal Endocrinology, 1990
Plasma insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations were monitored in Holstein females through different periods of their growth, lactation and after acute or chronic growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) administration. Plasma samples were radioimmunoassayed using a human IGF-I antibody after a 24 hr incubation in a HCI(.1N)glycine(.2M) buffer (pH 2). In a first study, IGF-I concentrations were measured in Holstein females of different ages and(or) stages of lactation (n-6 per group). The IGF-I concentrations in newborn calves (102.0-+ 11.3 ng/ml) markedly decreased (P<.O1) in 1 mo old animals (50.2 _+ 7.1 ng/ml), then increased (P<.O1) to 137.0 + 5.1 and 137.4-+ 11.0 ng/ml in 6 and 10 mo old heifers, respectively. In dairy cows, IGF-I concentrations were low 24 hr post.partum (44.7 _+ 7.6 ng/ml) and then increased (P<.05) to remain stable throughout lactation (91.3 + 4.9, 92.8 + 12.9, 96.1-4-_ 7.6, 90.7 +-8.8 ng/ml at 2, 3, 6 and 9 mo of lactation, respectively). There was a further increase (P<.05) to 113.7-+ 3.1 ng/ml during the dry period. In a second trial, blood samples were collected from lactating dairy cows every 2 hr for 24 hr following a sc injection of saline (n-4) or human (h) GRF (1-29)NH= (10 ttg/ kg BW, n = 4). The IGF-I peak concentration was reached on average 10 hr after the GRF injection and was higher (P<.01) in treated cows than in control cows (135.4 vs 86.9-+ 16.2 ng/ml). In the last trial, daily sc injections of 10 Ixg of hGRF(1-29)NI'I2 per kg BW to dairy cows (252 days of lactation) for 57 days, which increased milk production by 14% (2 kg/day), also increased (P<.01) IGF-I concentration: 127.1 + 5.3 and 118.0 + 1.6vs 90.7-+ 4.7 and 96.0-+ 5.0 ng/ml on days 29 and 57 of treatment for treated (n-9) and control (n-8) cows, respectively. Thus, the IGF-I concentration in dairy cattle varies with age and stage of lactation, and is increased by GRF administration in lactating dairy cows.