A brief history of decision support systems (original) (raw)
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ON THE EVOLUTION OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
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Decision support in large organizations
Decision support in large organizations by G NIGEL GILBERT T he 'DHSS Demonstrator' is one of four large projects funded in 1984 by the Alvey Directorate in the UK as part of a five year programme of research and development. The programme is a unique collaboration between industry and universities to tackle some challenging practical problems. The central aim of the Demonstrator project is to develop decision support systems which could be used by Department of Health and Social Security (DHSS) staff, but we are also designing systems to help members of the general public claim Abstract: One of the four large demonstrator projects being funded by the UK government is a five year project for developing decision support systems which could be used by the Department of Health and Social Security. The project is being undertaken by a group comprising companies and universities. Although the final results are not intended to be used, as the projects are demonstrators, valuable lessons are likely to be learnt regarding development of advanced software, and there will be useful examples of systems based on artificial intelligence techniques.
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Past, present, and future of decision support technology
Decision support …, 2002
Since the early 1970s, decision support systems (DSS) technology and applications have evolved significantly. Many 12 technological and organizational developments have exerted an impact on this evolution. DSS once utilized more limited 13 database, modeling, and user interface functionality, but technological innovations have enabled far more powerful DSS 14 functionality. DSS once supported individual decision-makers, but later DSS technologies were applied to workgroups or 15 teams, especially virtual teams. The advent of the Web has enabled inter-organizational decision support systems, and has given 16 rise to numerous new applications of existing technology as well as many new decision support technologies themselves. It 17 seems likely that mobile tools, mobile e-services, and wireless Internet protocols will mark the next major set of developments 18 in DSS. This paper discusses the evolution of DSS technologies and issues related to DSS definition, application, and impact. It 19 then presents four powerful decision support tools, including data warehouses, OLAP, data mining, and Web-based DSS. Issues 20 in the field of collaborative support systems and virtual teams are presented. This paper also describes the state of the art of 21 optimization-based decision support and active decision support for the next millennium. Finally, some implications for the 22 future of the field are discussed. D 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. 23 24 Keywords: Decision support technology; DSS development; Collaborative support systems; Virtual teams; Optimization-based decision support 25 26 27 1. Introduction 28 Decision support systems (DSS) are computer tech-29 nology solutions that can be used to support complex 30 decision making and problem solving. DSS have 31 evolved from two main areas of research-the theore-32 tical studies of organizational decision making (Simon, 33 Cyert, March, and others) conducted at the Carnegie 34 Institute of Technology during the late 1950s and early 35 1960s and the technical work (Gerrity, Ness, and 36 others) carried out at MIT in the 1960s [32]. Classic 37 DSS tool design is comprised of components for (i) 38 sophisticated database management capabilities with 39 access to internal and external data, information, and 40 knowledge, (ii) powerful modeling functions accessed 41 by a model management system, and (iii) powerful, 42 yet simple user interface designs that enable interac-0167-9236/02/$ -see front matter D 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. PII: S 0 1 6 7 -9 2 3 6 ( 0 1 ) 0 0 1 3 9 -7 $ Decision Support Systems 931 (2002) xxx -xxx ARTICLE IN PRESS 43 tive queries, reporting, and graphing functions. Much 44 research and practical design effort has been conducted 45 in each of these domains.
Current Practices in the Development of Decision Support Systems
International Conference on Information Systems, 1984
Decisionsupport systems are one of the latest developments incomputer-based information systems. There are a variety of indications that their development differs in important ways from othertypes of information systems. This article reports the findings of an investigation of how 18 decision support systems were developed. Six major areas were explored: (1) the nature of the developmental approach; (2) user involvement in system development; (3) the time required for system development; (4) the incorporation of the decision maker's style in the system; (5) the role of information systems and operations research/management science personnel in the developmental effort; and (6) specific procedures and techniques used in system development
COMPUTER-BASED SUPPORT OF ORGANIZATIONAL DECISION MAKING
Decision Sciences, 1979
The central issue of this research is the extent to which computer facilities can be used to support organizational decision-making processes beyond mere performance of information retrieval. This depends upon the extent to which computers can be made to emulate human perceptual and judgmental processes. We present a framework for understanding these Cognitive processes and exaTine how it applies to organizational decisions. Moreover, the framework furnishes a basis for the design of a generalized, intelligent problem processor. This processor is general in the sense of its ability to support a decision maker's activities, regardless of the decision maker's application area (e.g., urban planning, water-quality planning, etc.). It is intelligent in the sense of its ability to comprehend English-like queries and subsequently formulate models, interface appropriate data with those models, and execute the models to produce some facts or expectations about the problem under consideration.
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Information Systems Journal, 2013
Information systems development (ISD), at the core of the information systems discipline, is an evolving field, faced with persistent challenges due to rapidly changing social and business environments as well as emerging technologies and technical infrastructures. Many of these issues have been discussed in the Information Systems Journal (see, for example, Kautz et al., 2007). Developments such as the Web 2.0 based on interactivity and graphical multimedia features, mobile application development for handheld devices, business applications based on standardised software architectures and software-as-services offered as part of a cloud pose new challenges to the development of IS products. Global and distributed organisations, agile software development and the reversal of outsourced and offshored development (insourcing) impact how information systems (IS) are designed, developed and delivered. These trends lead to new or adapted IS products, which have to be developed under new conditions, and these changes add complexity to an already complex problem space wherein, despite 50 years of ISD experience, the perception of the so-called 'software crisis' still persists. Unfinished and runaway projects, information systems poorly aligned with businesses and user requirements, and the resources required to develop ISD are still major concerns. Research in the field is largely fragmented, and practice often seems to be ahead of research. Conversely, where research is indeed ahead, industrial uptake of academic research results is often limited. As a consequence, there is an urgent need for an extant and integrative theory based on extensive, empirical field research. The aim of this special issue is to publish new research, which investigates the new trends in ISD from both a product and a process perspective and which goes beyond surface-level considerations. There is a general paucity of theory-building in ISD research; theory and studies of longitudinal processes of organisation, specialisation and institutionalisation in ISD are needed. Little ISD research goes beyond ISD methods; there is a need for theory and studies about social behaviour and processes of communication, negotiation, and learning and the relation to the broader historical, political and social context of ISD. Finally, there is a paucity of ISD research that relates individual knowledge, learning and sense-making to the broader context; this kind of theory and related studies are also needed. We have therefore called for research addressing questions such as: What are the different types of ISD relating to social, commercial, organisational and technological contexts? How is this diversity dealt
Advances in Information Systems Development
Lecture notes in information systems and organisation, 2018
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An Evolution of Corporate Software Support Systems
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This paper is a brief literature survey on Software Support Systems (SSSs) and Knowledge Management (KM). This paper aims to evaluate strategic decision making perspective where enterprise information and knowledge management plays a vital role. For this evaluation, Software Support Systems (SSSs) and Knowledge Management (KM) which helps in selecting different types of support systems and human factors that affect adoption of such computer based systems in organizations are reviewed. This paper helps to analyze different types of the software support systems and system adoption concepts for the enterprises. This paper also includes concepts related to the Knowledge Management, which helps organizations to learn. Organizations knowledge and the support systems help the enterprises to take strategic decisions. Concerned literature describes Software Support Systems (SSSs) as Corporate Portals (CPs), Decision Support Systems (DSSs), Group Decision Support Systems (GDSSs), Computerized Decision Support Systems, and Adaptive Decision Support System (ADSSs). In addition, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) that analyzes factors which would affect peoples in the enterprises is included. The factors, such as individual perception, ease of use and usefulness are analyzed.