Combining Ability and Heterosis Estimates for Yield, Yield Components and Quality Traits in Maize Under Two Plant Densities (original) (raw)
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Combining Ability and Heterosis for Maize Grain Yield and Some Agronomic Characters
Journal of Plant Production
The present study was carried out at the Experimental Station Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Dakahlya Governorate, during the two successive seasons of 2011 and 2012 to determine general, specific combining abilities and heterosis for grain yield and yield associated traits by crossing 6 inbred lines of maize in a half diallel mating design. Fifteen F1 single crosses with their parents were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Results showed that mean squares of crosses were significant for all studied traits i.e. number of days to 50% tasseling and silking, plant height, number of rows/ear, number of grains/row, 100-grain weight, grain yield/plant and shelling percentage. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant mean squares of general combining ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) for all studied traits, indicating the importance of both additive and non additive genetic effects for these traits. GCA/SCA variances ratios were found to be greater than unity for number of days to 50% tasseling and silking, plant height and 100-grain weight, indicating that the additive and additive×additive types of gene action were greater importance in the inheritance of these 4 traits. Best GCA effects for earliness traits (number of days to 50% tasseling and silking) achieved inbred lines P4 (Inb.173) and P5 (Inb.174), for plant height were P1 (Sd63), P3 (Inb.19), P4 (Inb.173) and P5 (Inb.174), for number of rows/ear were P1 (Sd63), P3 (Inb.19) and P4 (Inb.173), for 100-grain weight was P1 (Sd63). Inbred lines P1 (Sd63) and P2 (Sd7) showed best GCA effects for grain yield. Also P2 (Sd7) and P6 (Inb.170) showed best GCA effects for shelling percentage. Hybrid combinations P2×P5 and P3×P6 showed largest SCA effects for number of days to 50% tasseling, for number of days to 50% silking
Heterosis and combining ability for grain yield and its components in selected maize inbred lines
South African Journal of Plant and Soil, 2007
Information on heterosis and combining ability of adapted maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines is essential to maximize their use for variety development. This study was conducted to determine heterosis and combining ability of selected inbred lines for yield and yield components. Eight inbred lines were crossed in a diallel mating system. The crosses and parents were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replications at Bako Research Center, Ethiopia, in 2001 and 2002. There were significant differences between the entries for measured traits. Mean mid-parent heterosis (MPH) ranged from 2.9% for days to maturity to 89.2% for grain yield and high-parent heterosis from 0.65% for ear diameter to 64% for grain yield. All crosses exhibited positive MPH for ear and plant height, ear length, kernels per row and grain yield. General and specific combining ability effects were significant for most traits. Gutto LMS 5 , CML-202 and CML-387 were good general combiners for ear and plant height, and days to maturity. Line 143-5-i was the best general combiner for grain yield. This study identified inbred lines and hybrid combinations that had desirable expression of important traits. This will be useful for the development of high yielding hybrids.
Combining Ability and Heterosis for Grain Yield and Yield Related Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbreed Lines at Haramaya, Eastern Ethiopia, 2019
ABSTRACT Information on combining ability and heterosis of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines is essential to maximize their use for variety development. This study was conducted to estimate general and specific combining ability effects of maize inbred lines and estimate the amount of standard heterosis of the hybrids for yield and yield-related traits. Eight maize inbred lines were mated through a half diallel mating design (Griffing’s Method IV, Model I). The resulting twenty-eight F1 hybrids along with two standard checks were evaluated using Alpha-Lattice Design with three replications during 2018 main cropping season at Haramaya University Research Site (Raare). Analysis of variance indicated that significant mean square due to genotype for all trait studied, that revealed the existence of genetic variability. Among the cross L3×L6 (11.19 ton ha-1), L3×L8 (9.99 ton ha-1), L2×L5 (9.33 ton ha-1), and L6×L8 (9.31 ton ha-1) showed higher yield, which could be utilized for future evaluation in maize breeding activity. The highest standard heterosis for grain yield was retained from the crosses L3×L6 (20.58%), L3×L8 (7.65%), over BHQPY 545 and L3×L6 (49.20%), L3×L8 (33.20%), over MH138, indicating these hybrids superior for commercial cultivation. Genetic analysis of variance due to mean squares for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were significant for almost all traits studied that indicate the importance of both additive and non-additive gene action. The ratio of GCA:SCA were more than unity in most of the traits implying the predominance of additive gene action in controlling the inheritance of the traits. Parental line L3 and L8 had significant and positive gca effects for grain yield, which indicate that these parents can be used for developing open-pollinated varieties, while L3×L6, L3×L8, L2×L5, and L6× L8 were good specific combiners for grain yield. From this study four potential hybrids were identified over the best standard checks (BHQPY545), as a result these high yielding hybrids can be promoted for direct use or further improvement after confirming the result across locations and years. Key word: Additive gene action, Alpha-lattice design, Diallel mating design, GCA, Genetic variability, SCA
HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN MAIZE (Zea mays L
Heterosis and combining ability analysis for grain yield and its contributing characters in, maize genotypes w was under taken with ten lines and four testers. During kharif season in 2007 the ten inbred lines were crossed with four testers in Line x Tester mating design. Subsequently, in rabi 2007-08 the forty F1 crosses along with standard check and parents were evaluated. The results of combining ability analysis revealed significant mean squares due to general and specific combining ability indicating that both additive and non additive gene actions were important in the inheritance of characters studied. Variances due to specific combining ability (SCA) were larger than general combining ability (GCA) for all the characters indicating the predominance of non additive gene action in the expression of various traits. Among the parents NBML-3053, NBML-3206 and NBML-3085 were found to be best general combiners for grain yield and yield contributing characters. These parents can be used in crossing and further exploited for improvement of traits in the population. Crosses NBML-3082 X NBML-3163, NBML-3027 X NBML-3206 and NBML-3110 X BML-15 with positive and significant specific combining ability (SCA) effects and high heterosis for yield may be exploited for commercial cultivation by testing them over locations and years for their yield stability. Parents CM-208 and NBML-3027 were good general combiners for earliness.
The Combining Ability of Maize (Zea Mays L.) Inbred Lines for Grain Yield and Yield Components
The Journal "Agriculture and Forestry", 2016
A full diallel cross comprising ten (10) inbred lines was studied for different characters to determine the nature of gene action in parents and hybrid genotypes. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) indicated the presence of additive as well as non-additive gene effects for controlling the traits. However, relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters studied except grain yield/plant. The ratio of the components revealed that the magnitudes of SCA components were much higher than that of GCA in all crosses except number of kernel row per ear. A wide range of variability of GCA effects was observed among the parents. For grain yield (GY) parents L2, L5, L6, L7 and L9, showed significant positive GCA effect. Thirteen five crosses exhibited significant positive SCA effects for grain yield (GY).These crosses involved high× high, high× low and low × low general combining parents (GCA). Although the cross L6 × L10 involved low × high general combiners, exhibited the highest significant positive of SCA effect (14.14 tha-1). The cross L1×L10 involved the two inbreed lines with lower general combiners and also showed the lower SCA effects (7.61tha-1).
Heterosis and combining ability studies for yield and its component traits in Maize (Zea mays L.)
Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding
Heterosis and combining ability was studied in F 1 hybrids of maize with respect to grain yield and yield attributing traits using twenty-two hybrids which were developed through Line × Tester mating design. The parents and their hybrids were subjected to assess the combining ability and nature of gene action governing the quantitative traits. The results inferred that the predominance of non-additive gene action was observed for all the traits. Among the parents, the overall study of gca effects suggested that parent UMI 1200-7-26-1-6-1, N 14, N 107 and N 285 were significant general combiner for yield, these can be used to improve hybrids with desirable traits in future. Significant positive SCA effects were found for all the studied traits. Among the hybrids, N 14 × UMI 1200-7-26-1-6-1 showed desirable standard heterosis percentage over the checks CO 6 and NK 6240 along with good sca effects and per se performance for grain yield and other important yield contributing traits over different locations thus it can be used for commercial seed production programme. Keywords GCA; SCA; standard heterosis; Grain yield Materials and Methods Thirteen genotypes of maize were studied in this experiment. Thirteen genotypes comprised of eleven elite inbreds used as lines viz.
Plant Archives, 2018
The present investigation was conducted at Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab during 2015-2016. The experimental material consisted of 7 inbreed lines with 3 tester in maize and 21 F1s, along with one check (P-1543). All these are were grown in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The hybrids were evaluated to know the extent of heterosis and combining ability for grain yield per plant, yield contributing characters in maize. Considerable variability existed among the genotypes for all the characters studied as observed from the significant mean squares due to genotypes. Combining ability analysis showed the predominant role of non-additive gene action for all characters studied. The line I-07-19-6 was found to be good general combiner and tester CML-269 was found average combiners for grain yield per plant. Crosses I-07-19-6 x CM-140, I-07-19-5 x CML-269 and I-0726-7 × CML-269 revea...
Study of combining ability and heterosis analysis for yield traits in maize (Zea mays L.)
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017
Combining ability and heterosis for yield and its contributing traits was studied in 7 parental in a diallel scheme. The purpose of the study was to identify and select superior parents and best hybrid combinations on the basis of estimates of general and specific combining abilities. The highest percentage of economic heterosis for grain per ear was observed by the cross CML-49 x DMR-3010. Crosses CML-80 x BVM-2 and DMR-3010 x BVM-2 showed significant negative heterosis for days to maturity.Both general combing ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) variances were significant for grain yield and all yield component characters, except GCA variances for ear height. Almost equal role of additive and non-additive gene actions was observed for days to maturity. Additive genetic variance was preponderant for grains per ear and 1000-grain weight and non-additive gene action was involved in plant height, ear height, days to silking and days to maturity. The combining ability effe...
Combining ability analysis was conducted using line x tester design with twelve diverse inbred lines of maize for yield and its contributing traits. Five inbred lines viz. V348, V356, V360, KI-16 and KI-18 were good general combiners for grain yield and majority of its component traits. Six cross combinations KI-16 x CM200, V24 x CM212, V356 x CM126, V354 x CM200, V356 x CM200 and V348 x CM212 exhibited high heterosis as well as high SCA effects and per se performance for grain yield and its component traits. The cross KI-16 x CM200 performed best out of these six crosses on the basis of high SCA effect, economic heterosis and per se performance for grain yield, cob placement height, cob length, cob girth and harvest index.
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2022
Background: The improvement of maize hybrids relies on significant genetic variability among the inbred lines used and the degree to which it is transferred to progeny. Understanding the genetic parameters and heritability of traits in every population is an essential precondition for selection program. This study was designed to estimate the magnitude of genetic parameters and heritability of traits in line × tester mating design. Fifteen yellow maize inbred lines derived from different sources were crossed with two lines as tester i.e., Gm-1001 and Gm-1002 in 2019 summer season. During 2020 season, the resulted 30 crosses along with check hybrid SC-168 were evaluated in a yield trial at two locations: Gemmeiza and Sids Agric. Res. Station. Results: The mean squares among two locations were highly significant for all studied traits except KR −1. The L 1 and L 3 had the best general combiners for GY ard fed −1. In addition, the T 1 as a tester was a GCA effects good combiner for earliness, shorter plants and lower ear placement traits. While T 2 was good combiner for grain yield and some of attributes. Crosses L 5 × T 1 and L 7 × T 2 had positive and significant SCA effects for grain yield. The GCA variances were higher than SCA variances for all studied traits except for ED trait, indicating that additive genetic variance played the major role than non-additive genetic variance in the inheritance of these traits. Generally, phenotypic coefficient of variability was higher than genotypic coefficient of variability for all studied traits, suggesting that there was an influence by environments in the expression of these traits. Recorded heritability percentage in broad sense ranged from low for (ear position%, no. of ears/100 plants, ear diameter and grain yield) traits, medium for (days to 50% silking, plant height, ear height and no. of kernels/row) traits to moderate high for ear length trait. Conclusion: Our investigation concluded that most of the studied lines exhibited highly general combiners and the superior crosses were as a result of a good × good combiner for most of yield components traits.