Fruit structure of 12 Turkish endemic Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) taxa and its taxonomic implications (original) (raw)
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Haya: The Saudi Journal of Life Sciences, 2019
Achene and pappus macro and micro-morphological characters for 10 species belong to two sub-family of Asteraceae from eastern region of Saudi Arabia to evaluate the application of this character in the identification and differentiation level by using light microscope (LM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The achene morphological characters as, size, shape, color, texture, ridges, base, achene coat and pappus characters are done. The achene coat pattern sculpture recorded 6 types; striate, tuberculate, granulate, sulcate, irregular reticulate and reticulate-rugose, the main types were reticulate. The pappus type's recorded three types; scabrous barbellate bristles, scabrous subulate scales free and capillary barbelllate, the main types were scabrous barbellate bristles found in seven studied species. The result for this study supports the use of achene morphological characters for identification and differentiates of different related species but cannot be used for taxonomical levels for the different tribes.
CYPSELAR FEATURES AND THEIR TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE IN FOUR SPECIES OF ASTERACEAE
ABSTRACT The family Asteraceae is characterized by the presence of a special type of fruit known as cypsela. The present study deals with the detailed external and internal features of cypselae of the four species Carlina vulgaris L., Hypochaeris uniflora Vill., Senecio doronicum (L). L, Cotula lineariloba (DC.) Hillard, of the tribes Cardueae, Cichorieae, Senecioneae, and Anthemideae, respectively. The cypselae were studied with the help of light microscope. Morphologically, special attention has been taken on the shape and size of cypselae, colour, pappus structure, stylopodia and its structure, surface, presence or absence of hairs etc. Anatomically, cellular nature of pericarpic region was studied. The present work has a great taxonomically significance, on the basis of both morpho-anatomical characters, which are helpful for the identification of taxa on the basis of cypselar features
Present study has been carried out on the detailed macro-morphological and micro-morphologicalfeatures of mature cypselas of 10 species belongingto 5 genera {Achillea, Chamaemelum, Leucanthemopsis, Matricaria and Rhodanthemu) of the tribe Anthemideae by light microscopy and SEM. Exomorphic characters of cypselas are consider as reliable taxonomic marker, so special emphasis has beengiven on the shape, size and wing- structure of the fruits; shape, size and number of the ribs and furrows; distribution pattern and types of surface hairs; structure of carpopodium and nature of the carpopodial cells. Key words: Cvpsela, Macro-morphology, Micro-morphology, Anthemideae, Asteraceae.
Contribution to the taxonomy of TurkishScorzonera(Asteraceae) taxa based on vegetative anatomy
Nordic Journal of Botany, 2016
In the present study, the general stem, root and leaf anatomical features of 59 Scorzonera L. s.l. (Asteraceae) taxa collected from Turkey are presented and evaluated by cluster and principal coordinate analysis. Numerical analyses based on 26 anatomical traits showed that arrangement of tracheal elements in the root, presence of cortical bundles, latex canals, secretory cells and aerenchyma in the stem and mesophyll are valuable for grouping Scorzonera taxa. Dendograms inferred from anatomical data were generally congruent with the traditional subgeneric classifi cation of Scorzonera (Scorzonera L., Podospermum DC., Pseudopodospermum (Lipsch. et Krasch.) Lipsch.). However, the present study also show that the examined species may not be identifi ed only based on the internal morphology of root, stem and leaf. In addition, the results support to treat Podospermum as a distinct genus. Material and methods Anatomical samples from 59 taxa were collected from several locations in a revisional study of Turkish Scorzonera. Anatomical collections were numbered according to voucher numbers (Table 1) and then fi xed in FAA (5 parts stock formalin,
FRUIT DIVERSITY OF FEW MEMBERS OF THE TRIBE HELIANTHEAE (ASTERACEAE)-MORPHOLOGICAL OVERVIEW
Abstrac t Th esunflowe rfamily ,Asteracea ebein gth elarges tfamil yofflowerin gplant s possesse sen dnumber sofspecialitie sincludin gitsuniqu etyp eoffrui tknow n a s'cypsela' .Cypsel ai sadr yon eseede dfrui tdevelope dfro minferio r bicarpellat eovary .Perusa lofliteratur ereveal stha tver ylittl eattentio nha s bee ndevote dt ocypsel afo roptimisin gita sapoten ttaxonomi ctool .Within th escop eofth epresen tcommunication ,acritica lan ddetai lobservatio no n fruit soffe wmember sofHelianthea elik eAcmell aRich,e xPers.,Echinace a Moench.,Galinsog aRuiz&Pav.an dTrida xL.ha sbee nundertake nwhic h showe dawid erang eofvariatio ni nmacroan dmicro-morphologica lfrui t characteristics .Presen tinvestigatio nclearl yindicate stha tcypsel ai saver y ric hsourc eofmorphologicaldiversit yan dcoul db eutilize dfo rbettermen tof Asteracea etaxonomy . Keywords:Cypsela,morphology,pappus,carpopodium,trichome,taxonomy.
Nordic Journal of Botany, 2010
In this study, the morphological and anatomical properties of Salvia tchihatcheffii (Fisch. & Mey.) Boiss. (Lamiaceae) which is endemic to Turkey was investigated. S. tchihatcheffii has a perennial taproot. In contrast to the other Salvia species that was investigated before the plant has two different stem as fertile and sterile stem with round in shape. Sterile stem is prostrate, leafy, fertile stem is procumbentascending, unbranched. The stamen type of the plant is A. We observed that in cross-section sterile stem three different cortex layer, with one of them is formed as crescent shape. In addition, the glandular hairs of the investigated species are classified. Other anatomical features are discussed too. The results are presented with photographs, drawings and tables.
Pappus and cypsela ontogeny in Asteraceae: structural considerations of the tribal category
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, 2014
Crepis japonica (L.) Benth., Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. and Tridax procumbens L. are weedy species that grow in cultivated fields, roadsides, abandoned fields and open, disturbed spaces in Maringa, Parana state, Brazil. The ontogeny of the fruits and seeds of the 3 Asteraceae species was carried out. The flowers and developing fruits were prepared according to resin inclusion techniques for histochemical tests and scanning electron microscopy. During maturation of the pericarp, processes such as trichome differentiation, tissue sclerification, phytomelanin deposition and breakdown of tissues can be observed. The fruit of C. japonica is entirely lacking in phytomelanin. The seed is only exotestal in C. japonica. Comparative analysis of the pappus and cypsela characters demonstrated that they are efficient in separating species and tribes. The seed coat and embryo may also be useful in the characterization of tribes.
The genus Astrantia L. in Turkey: morphology and anatomy
Acta Botanica Croatica, 2003
The genus Astrantia L. is a perennial plant which belongs to the Umbelliferae family and is represented by only A. maxima Pallas which has two subspecies (subsp. maxima and subsp. haradjianii (Grintz.) Rech. fil.) in Turkey. Subsp. haradjianii is endemic and very common. In this study, Astrantia specimens were collected from different localities and investigated for morphological and anatomical differences. The morphological features of various organs of the plant are described in detail. According to our morphological results, subsp. maxima is bigger than subsp. haradjianii. Bracteoles are large, coloured, surface shapes and length of bracteoles are significant diagnostic characters to separate the subspecies. Inflorescence is simple umbel and fruit oblong-cylindrical. In anatomical studies, the transverse section of the stem and leaf were examined. The stem is almost round, ribbed and the arrangement of vascular bundles has diagnostic value. The number of bundles and rays are different in the subspecies. Leaf is bifacial.
Phytotaxa, 2016
Macro- and micromorphological features of achenes belonging to 59 taxa from Turkey were observed via light and scanning electron microscopy. The findings agree with the traditional subdivision of Scorzonera into S. subg. Scorzonera, S. subg. Podospermum and S. subg. Pseudopodospermum. Members of S. subg. Podospermum were distinguished by achenes with a distinct carpopodium and horizontally striped epidermal cell surface; members of S. subg. Pseudopodospermum were distinguished by achenes with a conspicuous carpopodium and often ruminate and sometimes rugose-granulate or smooth epidermal surface, and members of Scorzonera s.str were distinguished by achenes without a carpopodium and with various combinations of surface patterns. The results also showed that the length, pubescence and surface pattern of achenes, as well as the carpopodium and anticlinal and periclinal walls of the epidermal cells are valuable for delimiting the examined species within the genus.