54-YEAR-OLD Male with High-Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia on Prostate Biopsy (original) (raw)
Related papers
Is High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer?—A Local Study
Open Journal of Urology, 2018
Objective: To determine the consequence of recognizing high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) & its extent on initial sextant prostatic biopsy then identifying its associated risk of finding prostate cancer on subsequent biopsy. Patients and methods: Seventy-one men were subjected to transrectal ultrasound guided sextant prostate biopsy due to elevated serum prostate specific antigen (S.PSA) > 4 ng /ml, an abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) and/or transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) findings. The number, percentage, as well as bilateral and multifocal involvement of specimens positive for HGPIN were recorded in every patient. The percentage of cancer detected in these patients on repeat biopsy within 1 year of the initial biopsy was also recorded. Results: The mean age and mean S.PSA level of our patients was 59.9 years and 7.9 ng/ml respectively. Of the 71 patients studied, initial biopsy revealed that (32.4%) had benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), (36.62%) had carcinoma, (25.35%) had HGPIN and (5.63%) had chronic prostatitis. On repeat biopsy within 1 year of initial biopsy cancer of the prostate was detected in 33.3% of our patients who were diagnosed with HGPIN on 1 st biopsy. All of them had multifocal involvement on the initial biopsy. Conclusion: Recognizing HGPIN on 1 st biopsy (particularly multifocal involvement) is associated with great risk of prostate cancer development on subsequent biopsy, thus comprehensive follow-up of these patients is necessary.
Significance of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia in needle biopsy specimens
Urology, 2001
Objectives. To examine the significance of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) in biopsy specimens. Methods. We performed sextant biopsies on a series of 83 cystoprostatectomy specimens removed for bladder cancer. For each case the number of foci and volume of both HGPIN and prostate cancer were assessed in the prostatectomy specimens and compared with the number of biopsy specimens involved by HGPIN. Results. We identified HGPIN in 82 (99%) of 83 prostatic glands, whereas prostate cancer was found in 41 cases (49%). Corresponding sextant biopsies harbored both HGPIN and prostate cancer in 6 cases (7%), whereas only HGPIN was diagnosed in 29 sextant biopsies (35%). There was a positive correlation between the number of biopsy specimens containing HGPIN and the volume and multifocality of HGPIN in the corresponding prostatic glands. Prostates with HGPIN on sextant biopsy contained prostate cancer significantly more often when compared to cases with no HGPIN on sextant biopsy. Frequency of concurrent prostate cancer was higher in cases with two or more biopsy specimens containing HGPIN than in cases with only one such biopsy specimen, but case numbers of these categories were too small to render this difference statistically significant. Conclusions. The presence of HGPIN in sextant biopsies is a significant predictor of concurrent prostate cancer. Multifocality of HGPIN is a useful parameter in assessing the extent of HGPIN in the corresponding prostates. Its value in predicting a significantly increased risk of concurrent prostate cancer needs to be further investigated in larger case studies. UROLOGY 57: 486-490, 2001.
Epidemology of High Grade Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Pathology - Research and Practice, 1995
The prevalence of high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN), the age at which this lesion starts and the potential racial or ethnic differences in its distribution are poorly documented. HGPIN is becoming increasingly implicated as a premalignant lesion for clinically significant prostatic carcinoma (PCa) with mounting evidence linking it to carcinoma according to morphologic immunohistochemical and recent genomic studies. We describe our experience with the age and race distribution of H G PIN resulting from two study populations of African-American (AA) and Caucasian (C) males.
The significance of prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia
British Journal of Urology, 1995
To investigate the relationship between the detection of prostatic intra-epithelial neoplasia (PIN) on initial prostate biopsy and subsequent invasive prostatic adenocarcinoma. Thirty-six men (mean age 67 years, range 52-82) with PIN underwent digital rectal examination (DRE), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) measurement and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) before the initial biopsy and documentation of PIN. They were followed up with serial PSA, TRUS and a repeat biopsy every 6 months until either invasive carcinoma was identified or 2 years had elapsed. The initial biopsy revealed Grade I PIN in 33%, Grade II in 22%, and Grade III in 45% of the men. The repeat biopsy showed evidence of invasive carcinoma in 21 patients (58%; Group I), while 15 (42%) showed persistence of PIN (Group II). In Group I, 19 had had high-grade PIN (Grade II/III) on initial biopsy compared with one in Group II. The findings on DRE, and age, were no significantly different between groups. TRUS revealed a hypoechoic lesion in 15/21 patients in Group I compared with 7/15 patients in Group II. There was an increase in PSA level in 18 patients in Group I (from 8.4 to 11.6 ng/mL). PIN and invasive adenocarcinoma of the prostate were closely associated, and the likelihood for coexistence was higher in patients with high-grade PIN, increasing PSA level or positive findings on TRUS. We recommend that all patients who show high-grade PIN on prostate biopsy be followed very closely with serial PSA measurements and repeat biopsies from both the area of PIN and other areas of the prostate.
The Journal of Urology, 2009
We evaluated the association between the number of biopsy cores revealing high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer in an era of extended biopsy protocol. Materials and Methods: From December 2004 to September 2007 patients referred to our clinic with a prostate specific antigen of 4 ng/ml or greater or an abnormal digital rectal examination were scheduled for transrectal ultrasound prostatic biopsy with a 12-core template. In patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia we proposed a second prostate specific antigen evaluation and a new 12-core biopsy after 6 months independent of prostate specific antigen. Nonparametric tests were applied for statistical analysis. Results: We evaluated 650 patients. Of the 147 patients (22%) with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia 117 underwent a second biopsy 6 months later. Patient characteristics (age, prostate specific antigen, free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio, prostate volume, prostate specific antigen density) were similar at initial and repeat biopsy. On second biopsy 22 patients (18.8%) presented with prostate cancer (14 with Gleason score 6, 7 with Gleason score 7 and 1 with a Gleason score 8), 75 showed isolated high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (64.2%) and 20 (17%) had chronic prostatitis. The number of cores (4 or more) involved with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia on the first biopsy was significantly associated with prostate cancer on the second biopsy (p ϭ 0.001). Prostate specific antigen could not be used to distinguish prostate cancer from benign disease or high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Conclusions: The number of cores with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia seems to be associated with the presence of cancer on second biopsy. A 6-month biopsy is recommended in patients with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia when 4 or more cores with high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia are detected in the initial biopsy sample independent of prostate specific antigen.
Diagnosis of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia: Prostate Working Group 1 Consensus Report
Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology, 2000
High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is the most likely precursor of prostatic carcinoma. PIN has a high predictive value as a marker for carcinoma, and its identification in biopsy specimens warrants repeat biopsy for concurrent or subsequent carcinoma. The only methods of detection are biopsy and transurethral resection; PIN does not significantly elevate serum PSA concentration or its derivatives, nor does it induce a palpable mass, and cannot be detected by ultrasound. Androgen deprivation therapy decreases the prevalence and extent of PIN, suggesting that this form of treatment may play a role in chemoprevention. Radiation therapy is also associated with a decreased incidence of PIN.