Effectiveness of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) Principles in Urban Environments: A Case Study of New Mexico (original) (raw)
Related papers
1996
The authors look at type of building design and size of development with respect to major crime problems identified by public housing residents. Size of development appears to be more closely associated with the presence of major crime problems than does type of building. Overall, high-rise buildings fare better than one would expect, given the conventional wisdom that such dwellings are more hospitable to criminal activity than are other types of housing. This analysis revisits the concept of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) as it applies to public housing. Interest in the association of architectural design with the incidence of crime, especially crime in public housing, began with the publica-tion of Oscar Newman’s Defensible Space: Crime Prevention Through Urban Design (1972). An architect by profession, Newman noted that highrise buildings deny their residents opportunities for surveillance of the public grounds, lobbies, corridors, and stairways. He conten...
Livable city is referred to as the quality of living in an area that contributes towards a safe, healthy and enjoyable place. The Safe City and Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) programs were implemented to address this issue. However, due to the rising crime index in 2004, it is questionable whether CPTED had successfully been implemented in this country especially in Kuala Lumpur since the implementation is more focused on the building design aspect. This paper discusses the role of CPTED in making Kuala Lumpur a liveable city and to assess the awareness and understanding among the citizens and the local authorities on CPTED program. The study was conducted among the professionals and staffs of Kuala Lumpur City Hall as they are the real implementers who are also responsible to inform the community of the CPTED programs. The findings revealed that, there is still lack of understanding of CPTED program that affects the success of this program in increasing the safety levels of Kuala Lumpur to make the city more liveable.
Building community: an environmental approach to crime prevention
Crime cannot be understood as a single-solution problem. Participation of the community is important to complement and make more efficient any program of crime control by police authorities or any other law enforcement agency. This thesis is intended to create consciousness among designers of the urban environment of their social role. Cities must include places to promote community interaction and formation of social bonds. As social bonds among residents increase, and bonds with the place begin building a sense of territoriality in the community, the residents become active defenders of the place against crime. A theory summary presents different and complementary points of view, some focused directly to urban and landscape design such as those stated by Jane Jacobs, Clare Cooper Marcus, Donald Appleyard, and Oscar Newman. Others focused to social and psychological aspects of the relation between humans and environment, for example those presented by Erving Goffman, Edward Hall, Amos Rapaport, Irwin Altman, and Setha Low. A field study is presented to complement the theory review. It was based on two inner city neighborhoods in Orlando, Florida. The data used came from Orlando Police Department, FBI, and U.S. Department of Justice crime and victimization reports. The population characteristics were analyzed based on the 2000 U.S. Census. From the study, a general conclusion is that social characteristics of the population in any given neighborhood such as poverty, high percentage of broken families, unemployment, social heterogeneity, large numbers of young population, and large proportion of rented homes create environments highly susceptible of crime. But social characteristics are not the only aspects determining crime. Physical layout of the neighborhood plays also an important role in preventing or promoting crime. In spite of the fact that both neighborhoods had similar social characteristics, crime was considerably higher in the neighborhood where the physical structure neglected possibilities for neighbors to interact and use public areas. Theories and other information presented is finally synthesized into design guidelines, which are related specifically to the function of landscape architects and other designers as shapers of cities and societies.
Public health and the potential benefits of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
New South Wales Public Health Bulletin, 2007
Studies have consistently found that safety and security are major public concerns; however, crime is rarely considered as an outcome in public health. The recent shift by planning policy towards promoting compact, 'walkable' communities close to public transport aims to redress many of the problems associated with urban sprawl. However, communities that do not feel safe are less likely to be active citizens. This paper argues that Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design has potential benefits for public health in the provision of local crime risk assessments and in delivering safer environments, which can support active living, walkable communities and public health.
Measuring Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
In gauging the Crime Prevention through Environmental Design elements in residential areas, the observation approach often used as a measurement method. However, these evaluations merely based on observations are seen to be inadequate. This is due to the fact that CPTED is closely tied to the community in order to ensure success of the concept. Therefore, the pilot study was conducted at gated residential areas located at Burmah Road at Bukit Jambul in Penang, Malaysia. The results found the level of reliability and validity using Cronbach Alpha (α) index for all components of CPTED are 0.6 and above.
Integrating crime prevention into urban design and planning
Journal of Place Management and Development, 2016
PurposeThis paper aims to understand the delivery of crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) across Europe – from European-wide procedures through national schemes to effective local strategies.Design/methodology/approachThe findings come from a review of published literature and reports, case studies and site visits conducted primarily during COST Action TU1203 (2013-2016).FindingsInnovative approaches and methods to integrate crime prevention into urban design, planning and management have been generated by multi-agency partnerships and collaborations at European, national and city levels. Methods and procedures developed by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Working Group on “Crime Prevention through Urban Planning and Building Design” are pioneering. However, findings show that implementation is best achieved at a local level using methods and procedures tailored to the specific context.Research limitations/implicationsIn-depth research is required to...
Impact of Housing Design on Crime
Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 2014
The article provides a brief outline to the field of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) and explains how the application of CPTED to housing design can contribution to reductions in crime and consequent benefits to residents' quality of life. Christmann and Rogerson (2004), following a secondary analysis of a household survey data, concluded that measures to reduce crime in a neighbourhood can make an important contribution to enhanced quality of life. The following discussion describes measures to prevent crime through the manipulation of the physical environment in and around residential neighbourhoods.It should be noted that the principles can be extended to cover the prevention of crime and enhancement of quality of life across other realms of life including the work place, across public transport networks and in leisure time (Crowe, 2001).