Effects of Agitation and Endoglucanase Pretreatment on the Hydrolysis of Cotton Fabrics by a Total Cellulase (original) (raw)
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Cellulase finishing of woven, cotton fabrics in jet and winch machines
Journal of Biotechnology, 2001
Some authors have reported that as the applied agitation rate increases, the apparent activity of the endoglucanases from Trichoderma reesei towards cotton cellulose increases more markedly than does the apparent activity of the cellobiohydrolases. This suggests that the quality of cellulase finishing effects on cellulosic textiles may be machinetype dependent. The present work using total crude, endoglucanase-rich and cellobiohydrolase-rich cellulases from T. reesei confirmed that the final properties of woven, cotton fabrics treated under realistic processing conditions in a jet machine, were measurably and perceivably different from those of the same fabrics, treated using the same processing conditions of temperature, time, pH, enzyme concentration and fabric to liquor ratio, but in a winch machine. The results are interpreted in terms of the effects of agitation rate on the adsorption-desorption behaviour of the T. reesei endoglucanases and cellobiohydrolases.
The effect of cellulase treatment in textile washing processes
Journal of The Society of Dyers and Colourists, 2008
An attempt has been made to understand the interaction between cellulase hydrolysis and mechanical agitation by separating them into two sequential steps. Cotton fabrics were treated with cellulase mixtures of different compositions, and then washed in a process involving a high level of mechanical agitation. The cellulosic material removed during washing had different amounts of reducing ends depending on the cellulase composition used in the initial treatment. The fibre surface did not change significantly after cellulase treatment, but after washing the surface properties were completely different depending on whether the fabric had been previously treated with an endoglucanase– or a cellobiohydrolase–rich preparation. When denim fabrics were subjected to similar processing, it was verified that an increase in colour loss occurred in enzyme–treated fabrics, and that there was an interaction between different cellulase activities and backstaining.
Terry fabrics are exposed to frequent and intensive washing and must therefore be resistant to water, alkali, washing agents and rubbing. Washing agents frequently contain cellu-lase enzymes. The influence of two kinds of cellulase enzymes on the properties of a 100% cotton terry fabric was investigated. The whole cellulase mixture and an endoglucanase-rich cellulase product were used. Fabric strength, resistance to rubbing, wettability, hand feeling, whiteness and other properties were observed. Moreover the influence of different pretreatment processes on the properties of the terry fabric was investigated. The fabric was scoured with alkali or with pectinase enzymes, and bleached with hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid. It was established that enzymatic scouring and peracetic acid bleaching consume less energy and water but provide fabrics with lower whiteness and wettability, suitable only for further dyeing in dark or medium shades. Cellulases deteriorate the properties of terry fabrics; however, worse are the whole cellulase mixtures.
Journal of Surfactants and Detergents, 2011
In this study, the effect of cotton treatment with cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose on soil release of three different types of fabric: woven plain, woven twill and knitted were systematically studied. A recent study of the effect of a cleaning cellulase enzyme on cellulose films has proven that this substance selectively attacks amorphous cellulose regions, consisting of small hills in a matrix of flat crystalline regions. According to our previous investigations, where carboxymethyl cellulose is present in the formula, the enzyme seems to drive soil release performance. However, the mechanism has not yet been sufficiently studied from the topographical standpoint. In the present study, topographical changes caused by the treatment with cleaning cellulase enzyme and carboxymethyl cellulose on the fabrics by conditioning while washing were analysed on three different length scales in order to interpret their cooperation on water and oil absorption mechanisms and, hence, on cleanability of cotton fabrics stained with liquid-solid, liquid and solid soils.
Surface activation of dyed fabric for cellulase treatment
Biotechnology Journal, 2011
Surface activation of fabric made from cellulose fibres, such as viscose, lyocell, modal fibres and cotton, can be achieved by printing of a concentrated NaOH-containing paste. From the concentration of reducing sugars formed in solution, an increase in intensity of the cellulase hydrolysis by a factor of six to eight was observed, which was mainly concentrated at the activated parts of the fabric surface. This method of local activation is of particular interest for modification of materials that have been dyed with special processes to attain an uneven distribution of dyestuff within the yarn cross-section, e.g., indigo ring-dyed denim yarn for jeans production. Fabrics made from regenerated cellulose fibres were used as model substrate to express the effects of surface activation on indigo-dyed material. Wash-down experiments on indigo-dyed denim demonstrated significant colour removal from the activated surface at low overall weight loss of 4-5%. The method is of relevance for a more eco-friendly processing of jeans in the garment industry.
2. Processing of cellulosic textile materials with cellulases
Despite of the amazingly grown interest in cellulases due to their importance for biomass hydrolysis, their main industrial use is still related to textiles. The main application of cellulases are the removal of surface fibre fibrils from cellulosic fabrics to avoid pilling and improve fabric appearance and the ageing of indigo-dyed denim garments. Cellulolytic enzymes are also used in detergents to aid in the removal of fibre encrusted dirt and soil and to increase colour brightness of the washed garments and may be used for the treatment or recovery of cellulosic textile waste. The following chapter gives a short overview about cellulosic textile substrates and cellulose deconstructing enzymes and a detailed insight in the mechanism and the application of cellulases in textile processes.