Education and Labour Market Outcomes: Evidence from Brazil (original) (raw)
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And Labour Market Outcomes : Evidence from Brazil
2011
The effect of education on labour market outcomes is analysed using both survey and administrative data from The Brazilian PNAD and RAIS-MIGRA series, respectively. Occupational destination is examined using both multinomial logit analyses and structural dynamic discrete choice modelling. The latter approach is particularly useful as a means of evaluating policy impacts over time. We find that policy to expand educational provision leads initially to an increased take-up of education, and in the longer term leads to an increased propensity for workers to enter non-manual employment.
Education and industrial job acquisition in Brazil: Towards an improved causal model
International Journal of Educational Development, 1988
This paper offers a model of the job obtainment process experienced by factory workers, based on data from a sample of male applicants for skilled manual work in Bahia's Centro Industrial de Aratu. It provides information on the economic significance of alternative modes of education and, at the same time, illustrates the usefulness of path analysis in assessing the direct and indirect effects of potential determinants of employment. The results of the study reveal that informal, nonformal and formal education all exert some impact on job obtainment, although, in the case of each factor, the magnitude of the contribution is dependent upon the nature of measurement utilized. The outcomes are, in general, consistent with the hypothesis that employers prefer 'trainable' workers over those already trained.
Rates of return to education in Brazil: Do labor market conditions matter?
Economics of Education Review, 1993
This paper accomplishes two tasks. First, new estimates of rates of return to education for Brazil in 1989 are presented. The rate of return to an additional year of schooling is estimated to range between 12.8 and 15.1%. Less restrictive parameterizations reveal that the earnings-education profile is convex. Second, the customary Mincerian methodology used to estimate the rate of return from schooling is modified to capture the wage effects of changes in the educational structure of the labor force. This is accomplished by including labor market condition controls in earnings equations. The results suggest that workers with less than university education compete with each other (are substitutes) while workers at the upper end of the educational spectrum are complements to those with less education.
Education and Labour Market Outcomes: Evidence from India
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000
The impact of education on labour market outcomes is analysed using data from various rounds of the National Sample Survey of India. Occupational destination is examined using both multinomial logit analyses and structural dynamic discrete choice modelling. The latter approach involves the use of a novel approach to constructing a pseudo-panel from repeated cross-section data, and is particularly useful as a means of evaluating policy impacts over time. We find that policy to expand educational provision leads initially to an increased takeup of education, and in the longer term leads to an increased propensity for workers to enter non-manual employment.
International Journal of Educational Development, 1982
In an attempt to assess the importance of formal and nonformal education for the acquisition of skilled blue-collar jobs in the Brazilian modem industrial sector, 62 job applicants were interviewed in five factories in Salvador, Bahia. Data pertaining to the applicants' residential background, educational activities, industrial work experience, and the specific context of their applications were subjected to path analytic treatment, utilizing a fully recursive causal model. The analysis reveals that extended participation in nonformal education (mainly vocational preparation courses) performs two important functions on the labor market: it directs participants to the technologically and organizationally more complex factories, and it tends to increase the chances of being contracted. The amount of formal education received, on the other hand, fails to appear as an important predictor for the acquisition of employment. It is suggested that the relationships between formal education and the industrial labor market are of a complex non-linear nature: an effect of 'academic over-qualification', likely to occur with white-collar aspirations which are valued negatively by employers, seems to militate against the assumption of a simple linear contribution of formal education to obtaining industrial employment. The authors wish to acknowledge the support of the Znstituto National de Estudos Pedagcigicos, Brasilia, in funding the research project on which this article is based. They are also indebted to Prof. J.L. Buschman, Michigan State University, for his contributions to the planning and coordination of this research.
Long term influences of age-education transition on the Brazilian labour market
The objective of this study is to estimate the long term mean earnings of the male Brazilian population, taking into account the aging process of the population and the increase in educational attainment. Using census data, household sample surveys, as well as population and education projections, estimates indicate that an aging population and an increase in education will have a two percent impact on the annual growth of an average income in Brazil by 2050. The challenge for the future is to improve the proportion of the Brazilian population with completed college degrees.
And Labour Market Outcomes : Evidence from India
2011
The impact of education on labour market outcomes is analysed using data from various rounds of the National Sample Survey of India. Occupational destination is examined using both multinomial logit analyses and structural dynamic discrete choice modelling. The latter approach involves the use of a novel approach to constructing a pseudo-panel from repeated cross-section data, and is particularly useful as a means of evaluating policy impacts over time. We find that policy to expand educational provision leads initially to an increased takeup of education, and in the longer term leads to an increased propensity for workers to enter non-manual employment.