Modeling and prediction of environmental consequences of methanol as the most dangerous goods in ports (Case Study: Bandar Imam Khomeini) (original) (raw)
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Journal of Occupational Hygiene Engineering, 2018
Background and Objective: Performance evaluation and the determination of the effectiveness of management systems, including the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) management system, is inevitable to achieve constant improvement in organizations. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted to evaluate and rank contractors for Health and Safety Executive (HSE) performance using multicriteria decision making methods of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) in Imam Khomeini port complex. We also strived to provide management solutions to improve the HSE status of contractors in this complex. Results: After identifying 38 contractors, 4 criteria and 22 sub-criteria were determined by using Delphi technique, and then the criteria and sub-criteria were weighed and prioritized by using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. The management criteria with the weight of 0.586 obtained the highest score and the environmental criteria with the weight of 0.0085 attained the lowest score. Also, the sub-criterion of the HSE professional staff with the weight of 0.272 obtained the highest and green space with the weight of 0.006 obtained the lowest weight. Finally, the contractors were assessed and ranked in terms of HSE performance using the TOPSIS technique. The results showed that in terms of HSE performance T.GH.KH, A.N.A and G.A companies with activity the port and sea service-aridity and vacating and loading installations with arrange points 0/9452, 0/9367 and 0/9264 ranked the first until third place. Also, contractors based on performance HSE were ranked in the three levels of good (9 contractors), moderate (22 contractors), and weak (7 contractors). Conclusion: According to the selected criteria, the performance of HSE management in the majority of contracting companies in a favorable situation. This situation can be attributed to the establishment of HSE management system and the level of contractors' compliance with the HSE requirements.
Health risk assessment of Pb in atmospheric dust in Tehran city in different seasons
Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, 2020
Background and Aims: Heavy metals in atmospheric dust can enter the human body through ingestion, respiration and skin contact and cause various diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of lead, a heavy metal, in atmospheric dust and assess its health risk during the period between winter of 1397 and the fall of 1398 in regions 9, 10, 11 and 12 of Tehran Municipality, Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: Atmospheric dusts were collected monthly during one year in the following locations in Tehran: west and east of region 9; east of regions 10, 11 and 12 (the locations in the west of these regions had common borders with the eastern part of the adjacent region). A factorial experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replications; the experimental factors included sampling locations and sampling times (seasons). The concentration of lead in the samples was then determined after extraction with hydrochloric acid and concentrated nitric acid (ration 3:1). Results: The lowest (177.1 mg/kg) and highest (98.476 mg/kg) concentration of lead were found to be in location 9W (Tehransar) in winter and in location 11E (Vahdet-E-eslami Avenue) in autumn, respectively. Further analysis of the data showed that ingestion of the atmospheric dust was the main risk of exposure to lead and that more than 90% of the risk index for non-cancerous diseases caused by lead was related to ingestion hazard quotient (HQ, risk equation). Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that in winter the hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI, non-cancer Risk Index) for lead were lower than the maximum permitted levels for adults and children and, so, did not pose any health risk for these age groups. However, in spring, summer and autumn the risk index for lead was higher than the maximum permitted level for children and, thus, the risk of children developing non-cancerous diseases was high in all the sampling locations.
Environmental risk assessment of the activity of SPF shrimp production centers
2017
This study is a part of the national and technology master plan entitled "Attain to technical knowledge of specific pathogen free shrimp production and cut off to dependence on foreign products". The goals of this work were to assess and analysis the risk factors of production of specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei shrimp in its all stages (broodstocking, laravl production, shrimp farming, feeding and water quality), determining the pattern of outcomes monitoring, management and control of outcomes from
Ì'UlÅ«m va muhandisÄ«-i Ä?byÄ?rÄ«, 2017
Wetland ecosystems are stable ecosystems on earth providing considerable ecosystem characteristics. Wetland ecosystems, especially marine coastal wetlands are among the most important and also the most vulnerable world's environmental resources. Which has always been sensitive to the fragility of coastal areas, high population density, and intensive human activities are faced with the threat of destruction. Although, remarkable advances have been observed in the quantity and valuing some key ecosystem products and the services provided by these habitats, there are still some major challenges, with the lack of sufficient knowledge about the relationship between the changes developed in the structure of the ecosystem and the performance of these ecosystems in providing services being the greatest challenge. Based on this, monitoring the changes trend in wetlands and their surrounding lands can be effective in the management of these valuable ecosystems. Investigating the enviro...
Iran Occupational Health, 2016
According to World Health Organization estimations, 3.7 million deaths were attributable to ambient air pollution annually, that shows pollutants associated with high rate of mortality and morbidity. Thus, present study with aim of quantifying and estimating health impacts attributable to two pollutant of PM2.5 and CO in 8 industrial cities of Iran during 2011 by AirQ model were performed. Methods: At first, required data were taken from Department of Environment in understudy cities. With coding in excel, analysis and calculation of statistical parameters was performed for quantifying, and information imported to AirQ model. Finally, results of total mortality and mortality due to cardiovascular disease were presented in tables and graphs. Results: According to results, with increasing each 10μg/m3 concentration of PM2.5 and 1mg/m3 increasing in CO, risk of mortality increased 1.5% and 0.7% respectively. Cumulative of total mortality attributable to PM2.5 in Isfahan and Shiraz was ...
Journal of Ferdowsi Civil Engineering, 2019
Among the most important causes of dam failure, overtopping is the main causes. Analysis of dam failure due to overtopping is essential to calculate the failure risk considering the uncertainties. In this study, the application of risk analysis for earth dam failure due to overtopping based on univariate and bivariate flood frequency analysis has been investigated using log-normal distribution for the Tabarak-Abad earth-fill dam located in Khorasan Razavi province of Iran. Considering Qp – V combinations (flood peak discharge - flood volume) for the joint return periods of 50, 100 and 200 years, the results of the bivariate flood frequency analysis have been proposed in the form of six inflow hydrographs. The overtopping risk has been evaluated based on the univariate flood frequency analysis for all hydrographs resulted from bivariate frequency analysis with different return periods and six initial depth of water in the reservoir, considering quantile of flood peak discharge, initial depth of water in the reservoir and discharge coefficient of spillway as uncertain variables. Uncertainty analysis is conducted using Monte Carlo simulation method and Latin hypercube sampling technique. Finally, comparison of univariate and bivariate flood frequency analysis within different periods indicates that bivariate flood frequency analysis method resulted in greater estimated overtopping risk values in all return periods which is accompanied with higher degree of risk. Also, the V1-Q hydrograph, which has the highest volume of flood, is associated with a higher risk in all waterlevels in comparison to other hydrographs. Moreover, to evaluate overtopping risk based on univariate and bivariate frequency analyses, the increasing trend of risk values for rising water level in the reservoir is more tangible than that of increasing return periods. So that at the water level of 66 meters, overtopping risk for the dam is very high.