Measurement of Urea and Creatinine as a Marker of Renal Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Good Glycemic Control and Poor Glycemic Control (original) (raw)
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Renal Function Test on the Basis of Serum Creatinine and Urea in TYPE-2 Diabetics and Nondiabetics
Bali Medical Journal, 2014
Background: Type-2 diabetes mellitus has quickly become a global health problem due to rapidly increasing population growth, aging, urbanization and increasing prevalence of obesity and physical inactivity. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major causes of chronic renal failure. Both serum urea and creatinine are widely used to assess the function of kidney. This study was conducted to observe the impaired renal function in type 2 diabetics and compare with non-diabetics controls. Method: To determine the incidence of renal dysfunction in diabetics in Nepalgunj medical college and Hospital , Nepalgunj , Banke, Nepal , blood samples from 100 diabetic subjects and 100 non-diabetic controls were taken between the period 1 st February , 2012 to 31 st January , 2013 for investigation of plasma glucose fasting(FPG), blood urea and serum creatinine. These biochemical parameters were determined by using a fully automated clinical chemistry analyzer. Results: Our findings showed that the level of blood urea (P<0.0001, 95%Cl) and serum creatinine (P≈0.0004,95%Cl) were significantly higher in type 2 diabetics as compared to non-diabetics in both male and female. There was no significant difference between diabetic male and female. 15 out of 100 diabetes samples have high urea level whereas 7 out of 100 had increased creatinine level. In control only 3 samples had high urea value and 1 had high creatinine level. There was statistical significant increased in urea level with increased in blood sugar level. Conclusion: Blood urea and creatinine is widely accepted to assess the renal functions. Good control of blood glucose level is absolute requirement to prevent progressive renal impairment.
Correlation of Serum Urea and Serum Creatinine in Diabetics patients and normal individuals
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2020
Diabetic Nephropathy in the long run leads to end Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Serum Creatinine and Serum Urea are recognised as ideal markers to co-relate the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic Nephropathy is clinically diagnosed with decrease in Glomerular function rate (GFR), probability of hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and morbidity or mortality caused due to it. The early detection of an imbalance in the level of Urea and Creatinine levels can assist in the diagnosis and prevention of Diabetic Renal diseases and its progression. In this study, the period of the commencement of Diabetes and its severity is intensely correlated with an abnormal level of Urea but not so with that of Creatinine. While Creatinine is regarded as greater sensitive index of kidney function than Urea and hence this justifies as the requirement for a perfect filtration marker.
Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) is considered a gold-standard measure of chronic glycaemia in diabetic patients. Changes in renal profile is also well related with severity of DM as ruled by HbA1c.Serum creatinine and serum urea are recognised as ideal markers to co-relate the progression of diabetic nephropathy Aims and objectives: To investigate the association of serum urea and creatinine with glycosylated Haemoglobin in type 2DM patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the patients with a history of type 2 Diabetes mellitus for the past 10 years who were attending diabetic clinic at MES Medical College and hospital, Perinthalmanna, Malappuram district, Kerala. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting serum blood glucose (FBPS), postprandial blood glucose (PPBS), HbA1c, fasting serum urea and creatinine were registered for both cases and controls. Results: FBS, PPBS, HbA1C were significantly high in case group. Levels of serum urea was significantly high in case as compared to control group. Ratios of HbA1C /serum urea, HbA1C /serum creatinine showed statistically significant higher values in cases when compared to controls.HbA1c is significantly associated with serum urea and creatinine of diabetic patients. Conclusion: Proper and timely regulation of blood glucose level will prevent the progression of diabetes to renal impairment
Ureum and Creatinine Health Study in Patients Diabetes Mellitus
Indonesian Journal of Medical Laboratory Science and Technology, 2020
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease that is marked by an increase in blood glucose levels exceeds normal limits. One of the effects of diabetes mellitus is kidney function disorder. Many researches about diabetes mellitus found that patients have uncontrolled levels of urea and creatinine. The purpose of this study was to determine urea and creatinine levels in patients with diabetes mellitus. The research method uses a descriptive approach to determine urea and creatinine levels among diabetes mellitus patients. The results of this study based on the participant characteristics were 47.3% male respondents and 52.7% female respondents, then based on diabetic aged >45 years was 90.95% and <45 years 9.1%. Based on disease duration, illness for five years was 65.5%, 6-10 years 16.3% and >10 years was 18.2%. The overall creatinine and urea levels were normal. The conclusion of this study is a general description of urea and creatinine levels in the study sample within norm...
Correlation of Renal Profile with HbA1c in Chronic Diabetes Patients
Annals of International medical and Dental Research
Background: The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with damage and failure of various organs, specially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart, and vascular system. Diabetes is the major cause of end-stage renal disease and diabetic nephropathy which are also called as diabetic kidney disease. Methods: We conducted a cross sectional study on 45 diabetic subjects as study group and 45 non-diabetic subjects as control group attending outpatient department at the AIIMS, Bhubaneswar. Diagnosis of diabetes was done on the basis of WHO criteria. All the subjects between 27-75 years were included in this study. Results: Correlation of serum urea, creatinine and uric acid with HbA1c diabetics group by Pearson's coefficient correlation. Significant positive correlation was found between renal profiles with HbA1c. Conclusion: The linear relationship of renal profiles was found with increased levels of HbA1c in diabetic patients. To monitor the diabetes patients, estimation of renal profiles along with HbA1c level is highly recommended. Serum urea and creatinine are simple and useful biomarkers which can serve as predictor tests for assessing kidney functions (nephropathy) in diabetic patients.
Correlative Study in Diabetic Patients for Blood Glucose Level and their Kidney Functions
International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology, 2022
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension are now widely recognized as the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. Because DM is so common among ESRD patients, there is a great need to understand more about how to avoid and manage it. This paper attempt to make a Correlative Study in Diabetic Patients for Blood Glucose Level and their Kidney Functions conducted at Jaypee Multi-Specialist Hospital Noida laboratory medicine. Correlation between high glucose and high creatinine levels were made in the study and it was indicated that the level of glucose from the samples is higher than that of creatinine levels. The lower, higher and normal creatinine level were duly examined in the study. The samples for the study were selected from the general patient enrolment list obtained from the Jaypee Multi Specialist Hospital Noida Laboratory Medicine. However, the test was conducted during the six months’ project work and random sampling procedure was used in selecting the samples. The results indicate that based on age distribution, the percentage of patients with higher glucose is higher than the percentage of normal creatinine level, likewise the percentage of patients with high creatinine level is more than that of normal levels respectively. Hence it was concluded that based on the correlation made the percentages of patients with high level of glucose is higher than that of patients with high creatinine levels.
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
Abstract This case control study was aimed at evaluating the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum creatinine, urea and electrolytes profile levels in diabetic subjects attending medical outpatient clinic, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, Nigeria. The protocol for the study was explained to the prospective subjects and those who gave informed consent were recruited. . A total of 114 subjects comprising of 57 diabetic subjects and 57 controls aged between 40 and 73 years were recruited for the study. The patients and controls were aged and sex matched. Thereafter, 5mls of blood sample was collected from each subject into plain container for estimation of biochemical parameters. Serum creatinine and urea were assayed by colorimetric method. The eGFR was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula while serum electrolytes (Na+, K+, Cl- and HCO3-) were determined using Ion Selective Electrode (ISE). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0 was used for the analysis of the data obtained using Students’t-test and pearson correlation and presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). The results revealed a significant decreases in the mean serum levels of eGFR, Creatinine and bicarbonate in diabetic subjects than in the control (p<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in the mean serum concentrations of urea, sodium, potassium and chloride in the diabetic subjects compared with control (p>0.05) respectively. Also, no significant differences were observed between both male and female subjects in the parameters studied (p>0.05). There was also a strong negative correlation between serum sodium and eGFR, as well as between creatinine and eGFR in the diabetic subjects (r = -0.016, -0.930 respectively), (P<0.05). In conclusion, the decline in the eGFR coupled with a lower creatinine level in diabetic subjects compared with control could be an indication of a progressive renal disease.
IP innovative publication pvt. ltd, 2019
Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes is a common non communicable disease among the young population in society. It can lead to development of long term complications such as nephropathy and retinopathy among others. Diabetic nephropathy among T1DM children is potentially reversible when diagnosed in early stages. The aim is to study microalbuminuria by measuring urine albumin creatinine ratio in a spot sample and its correlation with serum creatinine, random blood sugars and HbA1c. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at Dept. of Biochemistry, BMCRI, from Jan 2019 to Feb 2019. A total of 30 diabetic children, in age group 5-18 years were randomly selected as subjects for this study. Parameters such as serum creatinine, Random blood sugars and HbA1c were measured. Urinary albumin and urinary creatinine was measured and Urinary albumin creatinine ratio calculated for measuring microalbuminuria. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS21. Results: The mean period of onset of diabetes was 4.8 2.4 years. Among them, 9 (30%) out of 30 children had microalbuminuria. The mean level of Serum Creatinine among the study group is 0.49 0.01 mg/dL, mean of Random Blood Sugars is 263.37 78.99 mg/dL and that of HbA1c is 10.7 2.58 g%. Urinary albumin creatinine ratio is not normally distributed and expressed in median and Inter Quartile Range as follows: Median: 11.5, IQR:29.25. There is no correlation between serum creatinine and microalbuminuria calculated using urinary albumin creatinine ratio. There is positive correlation between UACR and RBS, and UACR and HbA1c. Conclusion: When children show high blood sugars and HbA1c, it is suggested to investigate the UACR. By detecting renal dysfunction in early stages, we can take appropriate measures in treatment.
Serum urea and creatinine concentrations are parameters to diagnose functioning of the kidney. Changes in serum creatinine concentration more reliably reflect changes in GFR than do changes in serum urea concentrations. Diabetes Mellitus can lead to a serious health problem, including heart diseases and damage to the nerves and kidneys. The study aimed to analyse the effect of poorly controlled type II Diabetes Mellitus on the renal function parameters like serum urea and serum creatinine concentrations. In the present study, a total of 100 serum samples were analyzed for their urea and Creatinine concentration, 50 each from type II Diabetic patients and non-diabetic control group, using Diacetyl monoxime method and Rebery-Folin method respectively. The result showed that the mean serum urea concentrations, as well as serum creatinine levels in the poorly controlled Type II diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than the value obtained for the non-diabetic group (P<0.05). Thus, the study concluded the elevation of serum urea and creatinine concentration could be attributed to the impaired renal function as a result of poorly controlled Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Serum Urea and Creatinine is established marker of GFR, though serum creatinine level is a more sensitive index of kidney function compared to serum urea level. Therefore reported the effect of diabetes on serum urea and creatinine concentration applies to diabetic patients attending Federal Medical Centre, Nguru. The data and findings obtained in this research work will form a baseline to monitor the efficacy of diabetic control and the degree of success attained in the control.
Correlation of HBA1C with UACR and Serum Creatinine Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
International journal of current research and review, 2021
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major emerging clinical health problem in this world. It is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycaemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin. Type 2 DM comprises about 90% of the diabetic population of any country. Diabetic nephropathy is a chronic microvascular complication of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM), leading to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Diabetic nephropathy is estimated to turn into the most frequent cause of ESRD in the developing world. About 20% to 30% of people with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes develop nephropathy, whose incidence increases with the duration of diabetes. Objective: To check the association of HbA1c (a marker for glycemic control) & two early markers of renal functional impairments: ACR (reflection of MA) serum creatinine in Type 2DM. Methods: This study was a case-control study, conducted in the Medicine Department at DMMC & SMHRC, Nagpur in collaboration with ABVRH, Sawa...