Density Functional Theory and Electrochemical Studies: Structure–Efficiency Relationship on Corrosion Inhibition (original) (raw)
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Portugaliae Electrochimica Acta, 2019
N1,N2-Bis(1-Phenylethylidene)ethane-1,2-diamine (PEED) was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for C-steel in a 1.0 M HCl solution, by using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The results showed that PEED is a very good inhibitor, as its inhibition efficiency reached 93.8 %, with a concentration of 1.0x10-3 M, at 298 K. Tafel polarization study revealed that PEED acted as a mixed type inhibitor that obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The thermodynamic activation parameters for the corrosion reaction were calculated and discussed. Quantum chemical parameters and Fukui function were obtained by DMol 3 /GGA/PW91/DNP+ level of theory, which was performed using Materials Studiov 8.0 software from Biovia-Accelrys. Monte Carlo simulation was implemented to search for the equilibrium configurations of the PEED/Fe(111) adsorption system, in a 1.0 M hydrochloric acid solution.
Inhibition of steel corrosion with imidazolium-based compounds – Experimental and theoretical study
Corrosion Science, 2021
This work aims to investigate the corrosion inhibition of the mild steel in the 1 M HCl solution by 1octyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate, and 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, using electrochemical, weight loss, and surface analysis methods as well as the full quantum-mechanical treatment. Polarization measurements prove that studied compounds are mixedtype inhibitors with a predominantly anodic reaction. The inhibition efficiency obtained from the polarization curves is about 80-92% for all of the 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium salts with a concentration higher than 0.005 mol/l, while it is much lower for 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulphate. The values measured in the weight loss experiments (after seven days) are to some extent higher (reaching up to 98% efficiency). Furthermore, we have shown that the influence of the alkyl chain length on the inhibition efficiency is much larger than that of the anion type. Furthermore, we obtain a realistic model of a single molecule on iron surface Fe(110) by applying the Density Functional Theory calculations. We use the state-of-the-art computational approach, including the meta-GGA strongly-constrained and appropriately normed semilocal density functional to model the electronic structure properties of both free and bounded-to-surface molecules of 1-butyl-, 1-hexyl-, and 1-octyl-3-methylimizadolium bromide, chloride, and hydrogen sulphate. From the calculations we extract, the HOMO/LUMO gap, hardness, electronegativity, and charge transfer of electrons from/to molecules-in-question. It supports the experimental findings and explains the influence of the alkyl chain length and the functional group on the inhibition process.
Theoretical Evaluation of the Corrosion Inhibition Performance of an Organic Heterocyclic Compound
Walailak Journal of Science and Technology (WJST)
The corrosion inhibition performance of a corrosion inhibitor on mild steel in phosphoric acid, namely 5-chloro-1-(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl) indoline-2,3-dione (TZCDI), was theoretically evaluated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G+(d,p) level for all atoms by Gaussian 09W program. The quantum chemical properties, such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO) energy gap (∆Egap), dipole moment (μ), total hardness (η), and electronegativity (χ), were studied, and these descriptors were discussed in connection to the experimental inhibitory efficiency. The local reactivity was analyzed through the Fukui function in order to compare the possible sites for nucleophilic and electrophilic attacks. Accordingly, all data obtained using various theoretical calculation techniques were consistent with experiments.
Density Functional Theory (DFT) method was used to study the corrosion inhibition characteristics of 2-phenylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (2PIP) and 2-(m-methoxyphenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine (2MPIP) on mild steel. Quantum chemical parameters such as highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy (ELUMO), the energy gap, chemical hardness, softness, dipole moment, absolute electronegativity, electrophilicity index and the fraction of electron transferred were calculated and correlated to inhibition efficiency of the studied molecules. Low energy band gaps coupled with structural stabilities should favour the adsorption of protonated molecules on metal surface at low concentrations and before the adsorption equilibrium. However, at high concentrations and towards equilibrium desorption of the protonated would be rapid due charge repulsion and molecular distortion from planarity which would facilitate the adsorption of neutral molecules on metal surface at equilibrium.
Protection of metals and physical chemistry of surfaces
The density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed on benzoin (BN), benzil (BL), benzoin-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazone) (BN4PTSC) and benzil-(4-phenylthiosemicarbazone) (BL4PTSC) used as corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in acidic medium. The quantum chemical parameters/descriptors, namely, E HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital energy), E LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy), the energy difference (ΔE) between E HOMO and E LUMO, dipole moment (μD), electron affinity (A), ionization potential (I), the absolute electronegativity (χ), absolute hardness (η), softness (σ), polarizability (α), the Mulliken charges, and the fraction of electrons (ΔN) transfer from inhibitors to iron, were calculated and correlated with the experimental IE%. Condensed Fukui functions have been used to determine the sites for electrophilic and nucleophilic attacks on each of the inhibitors.
Journal of Molecular Structure, 2010
The corrosion inhibition characteristics of two synthesized Schiff bases, namely N, N´-bis(2-hydroxy-6-nitrobenzaldehyde) benzidine and N, N´-bis(salysylaldehyde) benzidine, on the mild steel corrosion in 2.0 M hydrochloric acid have been investigated by weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. These studies were carried out at different concentrations, temperatures and durations. Polarization measurements indicate that the two inhibitors act as mixed type inhibitors. The adsorption of inhibitors obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and the thermodynamic parameters (E a , K ads , ΔG 0 ads ) were calculated and discussed. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to provide further insight into the inhibition efficiencies determined experimentally.
Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention, 2020
Corrosion inhibition using bolaamphiphile surfactants is related to the ability of these compounds to adsorb on liquid-solid interface. In this work, we have synthesized the 1,10-bis(4-amino-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5-thioyl)decane (DTC10) using a new method developed in our laboratory. The synthesized compounds have been purified and characterized by NMR 1 H and NMR 13 C spectroscopy. The inhibiting action of DTC10 toward the corrosion of carbon steel in HCl1M solution was investigated using potentiodynamic and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We have shown that this compound acts as very good inhibitor for carbon steel in 1M HCl. The values of the transfer resistance, obtained from impedance plots of carbon steel, increase by increasing inhibitor concentration and reach 92% for 10 À3 M of DTC10. The effects of temperature and immersion time on the inhibition efficiency have also been studied. The effect of temperature was studied between 298 and 328 K; the activation energy E a and other thermodynamic parameters were calculated. Donating and anti-donating properties of the studied inhibitor 1,10-bis(4-amino-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-5-thioyl)decane (DTC10) were illustrated using nucleophilic PÀ and electrophilic P? Parr functions based on the density functional theory (DFT). The computational Monte Carlo (MC) method was performed to study the adsorption behavior of DTC10 onto Fe(111) surface in the solution (presence of H 3 O ? , Cl À and H 2 O particles) and in the vacuum (absence of H 3 O ? , Cl À and H 2 O particles). Accordingly, the adsorption of DTC10 on the iron surface (111) is more preferred in the solution than in the vacuum.
Quantum chemical calculations using the density functional theory (DFT) have been applied to the five kinds of polydentate Schiff base compounds (PSCs), act as inhibitors for iron in aerated 2.0 M HNO3 and 2.0 M NaOH media. The structural parameters, such as the frontier molecular orbital energy HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital), LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital), energy gap ΔE (ELUMO - EHOMO), the charge distribution, the absolute electronegativity (χ), the fraction of electrons transfer (ΔN) from inhibitors to iron, the dipole moment (μ), the global hardness (η) and the total energy (Etotal) were also calculated and correlated with their inhibition efficiencies (%IE). The inhibition effects of (PSCs) may be explained in terms of electronic properties. The results showed that the (%IE) of PSCs increased with the increase in EHOMO and decrease in ELUMO - EHOMO. The inhibitor molecules were first adsorbed on the iron surface and blocking the reaction sites available for corrosive attack; and the areas containing N and O atoms are most possible sites for bonding by donating electrons to the iron surface through interaction with π-electrons of the aromatic rings, and the azo methine group.
Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika, 2022
Steel is a material that has low resistance to corrosion when interacting with a corrosive environment. The application of natural extracts as green inhibitors is able to provide good performance in inhibiting corrosion of steel with high inhibition efficiency. Natural extracts that are effective and efficient as corrosion inhibitors on steel are those which in their compound structure contain heteroatom groups (such as O, N, S, P) and aromatic rings. This work provides an important comparative overview for the development of green inhibitor natural extracts in steel. The results of theoretical studies based on quantum mechanics with the DFT method at the atomic level based on molecular orbitals, chemical quantum parameters, and adsorption characteristics show results that are in accordance with experimental studies. The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) plot shows the distribution of electron density in the HOMO-LUMO region as a predictor of the active site of the inhibitor molecule interacting with the steel surface. Quantum chemical parameters such as ionization potential (I), electron affinity (A), absolute electronegativity (χ), hardness (η), softness (σ), fraction of electrons transferred (ΔN), electrophilicity (ɷ), and electron backdonation (ΔEback-donation) was calculated to obtain a correlation between the electronic properties of the inhibitor molecule and the corrosion inhibition potential. The results of the calculation of the quantum chemical parameters show the reactivity of the inhibitor molecule which has a very good potential to interact and bind strongly to the steel surface. This has the potential to make the inhibitor molecule have a high inhibition efficiency. Chemical adsorption and/or physical adsorption by forming complex compounds between inhibitor molecules and the steel surface are corrosion inhibition mechanisms to protect steel from a corrosive environment.The development of future studies should be able to display the mechanism of interaction and inhibition of inhibitor molecules in more detail and systematically at the atomic level on several metal surfaces such as Fe, Al, Cu, and others.