Prevalence of nosocomial wound infection among postoperative patients and antibiotics patterns at teaching hospital in Sudan (original) (raw)
Related papers
Postoperative Wound Infections and the Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Baghdad Hospitals
Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512)
Nosocomial infections are one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in hospitals. These are major public health problems worldwide, but particularly in developing countries. The purpose of this research was to analyze the frequency of the microorganisms in the specimens taken from the surgical wounds, and to examine antimicrobial susceptibility for some isolates . Wound swabs were examined from June 2010 to January 2011. The isolates were identified by conventional methods, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method as per NCCLS guidelines.A total of 102 wound swabs were examined 22(21.56%) swabs were sterile and 80(78.43%) were positive for microorganisms. The results showed 27.2% positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 25.0% positive for Coagulase positive Staphylococci, 20.0% positive for Enterococcus spp., 17.5% positive for Escherichia coli,15.0% positive for Klebsiella pneumonia,13.7% for Proteus mirabilis,and10.0% fo...
A Study of Microbiological analysis and its sensitivity pattern of Postoperative Wound Infections
2015
Nosocomial infection constitutes a major public health problem worldwide today. SSI are the second most common nosocomial infections (Biadglegne et al., 2009; Nichols, 2001; Insan et al., 2013). These remain a complication of surgical procedure resulting in increase morbidity, mortality and cost (Insan et al., 2013). One of the major problems faced by patients in now a day is to deal with the post surgical infections, as most of these are being caused by multiple drug resistant bacteria (Raza and Ranabhat, 2013). The most common types of nosocomial infections that occur in a hospital set up are surgical wounds and other soft tissue infections, urinary tract infections, respiratory and blood stream infections (Insan et al., 2013). SSIs occurs when a bacteria is present within a wound. The bacteria may be transferred by contact from surgeons or nurse s hands, the bacterial could be airborne during surgery, and or the patient may come in contact with bacteria after surgery (NINSS, 2001...
Introduction: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are known to be one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections worldwide and account for nearly 20% to 25% of all nosocomial infections. Surgical site infection rates are reported to range from 2.5% to 41.9% globally resulting in high morbidity and mortalit. Aims: Tofindtheincidenceand risk factors, bacteriological profile, and antibiogram for SSI in General Surgery departmentof a tertiary care hospital in Western Rajasthan. Methods: Culture and sensitivity of wounds of all the clinically suspected cases of SSI were taken. Bacterial identificationandantimicrobialsusceptibility were performed according to standard CLSI guidelines. Results: Out of total 117 pus specimens received in the Microbiology laboratory from 117 suspected SSI cases, 58(49.57%) cases were culture positive and so this cases were considered as definitive cases of SSI giving a SSI rate of 2.69%. The most common organism isolated from SSI cases was Psuedomonas aeruginosa (29.31%) followed by E.coli (25.86%). Among β-lactam antibiotics, all the gram negative bacilli showed maximum sensitivity towards Carbapenemes and Piparacillin-tazobactum. 25% staphylococcus aureus isolates were identified as Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcu aureus (MRSA).. Conclusion: High incidence rate of SSI in our setup emphasizes the need of quality surgical care which takes into considerationallthe three importantfactors, i.e. host, environmental, andmicroorganism characteristics before doing any surgery. Increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics warrants the judicious use of antibiotics and establishment of antibiotic policy in the hospital.
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioresources, 2011
The relationship between bacteria isolated from the hospital environment and those from wounds of operated patients was investigated to determine the causal agents of surgical site nosocomial infections. The study was carried out on bacterial species isolated from the theatre, surgical ward and patients' surgical wounds in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Bacteria were isolated from the air, floor and patients' surgical wounds in the theatre and surgical ward by using MacConkey agar, Chocolate agar Nutrient agar and Peptone water broth as isolating media. Plasmid sizes and bands of selected twenty (20) of the isolates were determined by electrophoresis analysis to determine their relatedness. The bacterial species isolated were: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus megaterium, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Citrobacter freundii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Serratia marscenses. The result of electrophoresis showed that some of the isolates from the hospital environment and surgical sites have the same number of bands and molecular weight. It was concluded that isolates from the hospital environment with the same numbers of bands and molecular sizes with those isolated from patients wounds in the same hospital environment are of the same strain, and must have come from the same source, and therefore are likely to be responsible for the surgical wound infections observed in the patients studied.
The study was aimed to determine the prevalence of aerobic nosocomial Gram negative bacteria among patients with postoperative wound infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern. This study was conducted for a period of 28 months from September 2011 to December 2013. A total of 83 patients with clinically suspected post-operative wound infections were enrolled in the study. Conventional microbiological techniques were used for isolation and identification of bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed to all pathogenic isolates using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to the CLSI guidelines 2009. In respect of post operative wound discharge and incriminated organisms, it was found that most of the surgical site infections were due to Escherichia coli (20.5%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.45%), Acinetobacter baumannii (13.25%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.08 %). A high level of AMR was observed in gram negative bacterial isolates. Rational use of antibiotics and a regular monitoring of antimicrobial resistance patterns in post-operative wound infections are essential and mandatory to prevent further emergence and spread of anti- microbial resistance among bacterial pathogens.
IP Innovative Publication Pvt. Ltd., 2017
Post-operative wound infection is a severe problem in the surgical specialization and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. In most of these wound infections the causative agents arise from the endogenous flora of the patient's skin, mucous membranes or hollow viscera. Advances in the control of infection have not completely eradicated this problem because of development of drug resistance. Aim: The main objective of this study was to determine the causative aerobic bacteria and their antimicrobial susceptibility from pus specimens of post-operative wound infections. Materials and Method: The study was conducted using pus culture and sensitivity reports collected retrospectively from the records maintained in the Department of Microbiology over a period of one year from January 2015 – January 2016 in our Hospital. A total of 290 pus samples were received and were processed by doing Gram stain, Culture, Biochemical identification and Susceptibility testing. Out of 290 samples 218 samples were from IPD and 72 were from OPD. Results: During the study period, 290 pus culture and sensitivity reports were analyzed (99 samples (34.14%) of the samples showed no growth). 191 samples (65.86%) showed growth i.e. culture positive. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most frequently isolated organism (21.63%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (14.65%). Pseudomonas species were mostly sensitive to Imipenem (70%) & Meropenem (50%). Staphylococcus aureus were mostly sensitive to Netilmicin (100%), Linezolid (100%) followed by Chloramphenicol (97%), Tetracycline (94%) & Clindamycin (91%). Other gram negative isolates were Enterobacter species, Klebsiella species and Escherichia coli. Conclusion: Knowledge about the bacteriological profile and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern of post-operative wound infections can serve as a useful tool for the clinicians to start empirical treatment of patients at the earliest, according to local pattern and emerging multidrug resistance and also to give importance to strict infection control practices and periodic surveillance.
African Journal of Microbiology Research, 2015
Three hundred (300) post-operative wound swab specimens were aseptically collected from four hospitals and investigated. The four hospitals were Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi (FMCM), General Hospital, Gboko (GHG), General Hospital, Otukpo (GHO) and General Hospital North Bank, Makurdi (GHNBM). The swabs were cultured and organisms identified according to standard procedures. A prevalence rate of bacterial isolates (56.7%) was obtained from the post-operative wound sites investigated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most encountered pathogen with 20.3% prevalence rate followed by Staphylococcus aureus (13.0%), while 8.3% accounted for co-infection of both organisms. Other organisms encountered included Klebsiella spp. (4.0%), Escherichia coli (3.3%), atypical coliform (2.7%), and Proteus spp. (2.3%). Enterococcus faecalis and Streptococcus pyogenes had the least prevalent rate of 1.3% each. Statistically, Chi square analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the num...
The Nigerian Health Journal, 2017
Background . Nosocomial wound infection has been implicated to occur globally. There are various types of wounds some of which may be peculiar to the environment, occupation and social life of the people. Postoperative wound infection is common in hospital and is spread directly from person to person or indirectly from equipment or personal care items. They are a significant burden to patients and public health and also a major cause of increased morbidity in hospitalized patients. Objective . This study was aimed to determine the bacterial agents and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of organisms causing nosocomial wound infection in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH), Uyo. Methodology . A cross sectional study was carried out by collecting wound swab samples from 170 patients in different wards in the hospital. Result . Staphylococcus aureus (28.7%) was mostly isolated while, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22.9%) was the most isolated Gram negative bacterial agent from th...