PERFORMANCE AND EMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF SPARK IGNITION ENGINE FUELLED WITH GASOLINE/N-BUTANOL BLENDS (original) (raw)
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON A SPARK IGNITIO ENGINE FUELLED WITH PETROL AND N-BUTANOL BLENDS
An Experimental study was carried out on a Twin cylinder, Car-Spark Ignition Engine with MPFI fuel system, then the Engine Runs at the constant speed of 2500rpm for all loads, Fuelled with petrol and n-Butanol blends at different proportions i.e. Bu0, Bu10, Bu35 and neat n-Butanol (Bu100). All blends are by volume based Proportions. The Engine Performance parameters such as fuel consumption, Brake thermal Efficiency, Emission parameters like CO, CO 2 , NO emission readings were analyzed and discussed at Full load and partial load for different fuel blends. The Experimental results showed an increased brake thermal efficiency and reduced fuel consumption, CO and NO Emission levels are reduced for blended fuels when compared with pure petrol at both Full load and partial loads. From the analysis, n-Butanol is found to be a better alternative fuel (or) fuel blend to petrol for Improvement in SI Engine performance and Reduction of polluting Emissions.
Transstellar Journals , 2020
The need of a substitute for the fossil fuels has gained maximum importance in the recent days with the depletion of fossil fuels, increasing vehicle population, enforcement of strict pollution norms to ensure a better environment for the present and future generations. Researchers around the world have investigated many fuels for IC engines and have found that alcohols exhibit properties that closely resemble the properties of gasoline. Alcohols form a stable mixture with gasoline in almost all proportions. This property of alcohol has increased its popularity as a fuel blend with gasoline. This paper aims at presenting the performance characteristics of a twin spark ignition engine fuelled with the blends of n-butanol-gasoline. In this investigation, pure gasoline (B00) and blends of gasoline with n-Butanol forms the fuel for twin spark ignition engine. The use of B35 blend, lower carbon monoxide emissions, lower unburnt hydrocarbon and lower nitrogen oxide emissions are observed as compared to pure gasoline. With these investigational results, one can arrive at the conclusions that with the use of higher blends of n-butanol-gasoline, the emission of the regulated emissions are reduced and are seen to be optimal with B35 in a twin spark ignition engine.
The study of the spark ignition engine operation at fuelling with n-butanol-gasoline blends
E3S Web of Conferences, 2020
For conventional internal combustion engines alternative fuels such alcohols (ethanol, methanol and butanol) have attracted more attention. This aspect is due to the fact that alcohols have good combustion properties and high oxygen content. Butanol is a viable fuel for blending with conventional fuels such as gasoline or diesel because of its high miscibility with these conventional fuels. The high combustion speed of butanol compared to that of gasoline ensures a shorter burning process thus the engine thermal efficiency can potentially be improved. Moreover, the additional oxygen content of the alcohol n-butanol can potentially improve the combustion process and can lead to a reduction of carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbons emissions level. Utilizing butanol-gasoline blends can provide a good solution for the reduction of greenhouse gases level (CO2) and pollutants level (CO, HC, and NOx). An experimental study was carried out in a spark ignition engine which was fueled with...
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2017
Several alternatives have been recently proposed in the literature for replacing gasoline fuel in spark-ignition engines. These alternatives were pertained based on different engine working conditions and they yield fairly different performance and emissions results. Consequently, there is a major need for comparing and evaluating the performance and environmental behavior of these alternatives at same conditions, especially the new proposed ones. Five different alternatives, as ethanol (E), methanol (M), n-butanol (nB), isobutanol (iB) and acetone (AC), were experimentally applied at same blend rates (3%, 7% and 10% by volume) in gasoline and same engine working conditions. This is the first time that such alternatives are compared with each others; in addition, the alternatives are compared with neat gasoline. The comparison basis was focused on the performance via brake power (BP), torque (Tq) and volumetric efficiency (VE) and the emissions via CO (carbon monoxide), CO 2 (carbon dioxide) and UHC (unburnt hydrocarbons). Results demonstrated that the nB and iB alternatives provide a significant drop in BP, Tq and VE when compared to other alternatives as well as the neat gasoline. The maximum engine performance is obtained by both E and M. AC showed a moderate performance among all test fuels. Regarding the emissions, AC showed the lowest CO and UHC emissions, however, nB and iB showed the highest emissions.
Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal
The aim of this study, which is the first of its kind, is to compare experimentally the effects of different ternary blended fuels, e.g., ethanol-methanol-gasoline (EM), n-butanol-iso-butanol-gasoline (niB) and iso-butanol-ethanol-gasoline (iBE), on engine performance, combustion and pollutant emission characteristics to demonstrate the best potential one from these ternary fuel blends as alternative to fossil fuel. The experiments were performed at similar operating conditions and low content rates of fuel blends (3-10 vol% in gasoline) with varying engine speeds between 2600 and 3400 r/min at half throttle opening position of spark ignition engine. The results showed that the engine performance (volumetric efficiency, torque and brake power) increased, while pollutant emissions (carbon monoxide (CO) and unburnt hydrocarbons (UHC)) decreased at using EM fuel blends, compared to other blended fuels. It was also found that the highest emissions and the lowest performance among the blended fuels are introduced by niB, while iBE presented a moderate level of performance and emissions between niB and EM. On the other hand, the performance of niB and iBE is lower than the base fuel (neat gasoline) but EM showed a higher performance than the base fuel. The emissions of EM, niB and iBE are all lower than the base fuel.
International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2019
The effects of using butanol-gasoline-blended fuels on performance, fuel consumption, and emission characteristics of a four-cylinder spark-ignition engine were experimentally investigated. The butanol-blending fraction was varied from 10 to 50% by volume. The engine speeds were tested at 2250 and 4250 rpm, while the throttle positions were set at 30% and 70%. The engine performance, specific fuel consumption, and emission properties have been carried out and compared. The results show that, at high throttle position, the flame propagation speed of combustion process as using the butanol-gasoline blends decreases as increasing the butanol-blending fraction and this becomes more obvious with the increase of engine speed. The engine brake torque and power are improved, as the butanol-blending fraction is less than 30% at low open throttle position, while those are gradually decayed as increasing throttle opening level. A significant reduction is observed in specific fuel consumption, as the butanol-blending fraction is less than 30% for all the tests. The emissions of CO, HC, and CO 2 in the case of using butanol-gasoline blends are much better than those in the case of using pure gasoline. However, NOx emission is worse than that of the pure gasoline for all the test blends.
International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering, 2012
Fuel blend of alcohol and conventional hydrocarbon fuels for a spark-ignition engine can increase the fuel octane rating and the power for a given engine displacement and compression ratio. In this work, the influence of butanol addition to gasoline in a port fuel injection, spark-ignition engine was investigated. The experiments were realized in a single-cylinder ported fuel injection spark-ignition (SI) engine with an external boosting device. The optically accessible engine was equipped with the head of a commercial SI turbocharged engine with the same geometrical specifications (bore, stroke and compression ratio) as the research engine. The effect on the spark ignition combustion process of 20% and 40% of n-butanol blended in volume with pure gasoline was investigated through cycle-resolved visualization. The engine worked at low speed, medium boosting and wide-open throttle. Fuel injections both in closed-valve and open-valve conditions were considered. Comparisons between the parameters related to the flame luminosity and the pressure signals were performed. Butanol blends allowed working in more advanced spark timing without knocking occurrence. The duration of injection for butanol blends was increased to obtain a stoichiometric mixture. In open-valve injection condition, the fuel deposits on intake manifold and piston surfaces decreased, allowing a reduction in fuel consumption. BU40 granted the performance levels of gasoline and, in open-valve injection, allowed to minimize the abnormal combustion effects including the emission of ultrafine carbonaceous particles at the exhaust. In-cylinder investigations were correlated to engine out emissions.
Biofuels seem to represent one of the most promising means for the limitation of the greenhouse gas emissions coming from traditional energy systems. In this paper, the performance of a ''downsized " spark-ignition engine, fueled by gasoline and bio-butanol blends (20% and 40% butanol mass percentage), has been analyzed. In the first phase of this activity, the experimental tests have been carried out at operating points ranging from low to medium engine speed and load. The first investigations were aimed to assess the main differences among the different fuels in terms of output torque, thermal efficiency, combustion duration and optimal spark timing. In order to study the engine behavior in a wide range of fuel mixtures, these parameters have been evaluated for equivalence ratio values ranging from 1.25 to 0.83. The results obtained in this step show that both the engine torque and thermal efficiency slightly decrease (meanly about 4%) when the blend alcohol content increases. However, butanol increases the burning rate of lean mixtures and an interesting result is that the spark advance does not require adjustments when fueling changes from neat gasoline to bio-butanol/gasoline blends. Later, the pollutant emissions and the CO 2 emissions, for both rich and lean mixtures of pure gasoline and gasoline bio-butanol blends, have been measured. In general, firing with alcohol blends, NO x and CO emissions remain quite the same, HC emissions slightly decrease while the CO 2 emissions slightly increase. At the end, in order to reproduce the real world urban driving cycle, stoichiometric mixtures have been analyzed. In these conditions, the engine thermal efficiency, at given speed and torque, has been evaluated for each kind of fueling. The results obtained in these operating points have shown that the alcohol blend fueling performs an efficiency penalty less than 2 percent.
International Journal of Exergy, 2022
In this study, butanol was examined mixing with gasoline at different ratios (Bu0, Bu5, Bu10, Bu20, and Bu30) in a single-cylinder, four-stroke, PFI SI engine for monitoring engine characteristics at various loads to perform thermodynamic analyses. It can be reported that the maximum efficiencies were calculated at the highest load for tested fuels. Accordingly, the maximum thermal efficiencies were computed to be between 35.85%-40.60% meanwhile corresponding exergetic efficiency results were found to be between 33.33%-37.85% for tested fuel samples. In addition, the maximum SIN values were achieved between 1.500-1.609.
Performance and Emission evaluation of Butanol blends in SI Engine
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
In recent times, butanol emerges as one of the most promising option to diminish the prolong use of fossil products. The testing of different blends and composition of butanol with gasoline is newest theme of research. In the present work, three different fuels are prepared by using 5%, 10% and 15% blends of butanol with gasoline. The important performance parameters & emission characteristics of a conventional SI engine namely, brake power, torque, brake specific fuel consumption, fuel power, brake specific energy consumption, brake mean effective pressure, un-burnt HC emissions, CO emissions, NOx emissions, and CO2 emissions are tested. Result shows that the butanol blend of 15% is the most appropriate to use as fuel. The experimentally measured values of butanol blends in gasoline confirms that the properties of butanol are quite adaptive with gasoline which implies that no engine modifications required for using butanol blends with gasoline as a replacement to gasoline.