Hominin Evolution (original) (raw)
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The Achievements and the Days. Book I. From the Origin to the Hominids.
Darwin had an idea that unites the two most disparate features of our universe: the world of meaningless matter in Brownian motion on the one side and the world of meaning, purpose and design on the other. This idea of evolution excluded human history. A chronological record of historical events shows that there is progress in history but the sense of the evolution is not evident. Is it possible to draw up a coherent, if schematic, view of evolution, encompassing the whole phenomenon? Man's intellectual activity usually functions within a frame of accepted concepts. He is the prisoner of paradigms that are only reluctantly questioned or abandoned. Centuries may elapse before the accumulation of paradigmatic abnormalities forces an overhaul of the accepted theories. This adjustment and adaptation of our current Weltanschauung to a better interpretation of true facts is usually violently contested and met with hostility. A disquietingly large number of scholars in all fields recurrently, systematically and easily follow pundits without exercising their own capacity of analysis. The constantly repeated erroneous initial interpretation, volunteered by a pundit who may be greedy and corrupt, backed by a subsequent blind and respectful consensus resting on a stubborn refusal of individual expenditure of mental energy, may persist during centuries without correction (one well known example is “ the sun revolves around the earth”). We can be blind to the obvious and we are also blind to our blindness. My attempt is not to produce a textbook but to present the reader with information that may be useful in establishing the different successive steps performed by evolution, leading from the origin of the Universe to contemporary Man. From the wealth of information available, the choice of the material selected and incorporated in this endeavor to present an over-all view of the entire phenomenon of evolution entailed a subjective approach. Subjectivity does not equate with partiality or intellectual dishonesty. The sequence of events that lead from the origin of the universe to contemporary man appears to me most coherently explained by the information selected. Ginsburg and Colyvan developed in 2004 a theory of population dynamics that rests on the observation that the chance of an individual to reproduce or die depends on its ability to acquire its share of the energy available to a population. This elementary observation leads them to treat organisms as real physical non-equilibrium systems of which they make the core of a theory of population dynamics. According to them, organisms continue in motion unless acted upon by a force. They conclude that the dynamics of populations depend not only on the amount of food available to a generation but also on the conditions under which the parental generation lived. They thus stress that historical knowledge is the mother of scientific knowledge. This observation comforts my endeavor to present to the reader this overview of the history of the world. Time has become a rarity. It has become impossible to know all, listen to all, visit all, learn all while the amount of available knowledge doubles every 7 years and will double less than every 3 months in 2030. I do hope that this resume of the knowledge of our time, made available to you with all its shortcomings, will interest you.