A Comparative Study of Health Related-Quality of Life Among HIV Patients on Pre-HAART and HAART in Uyo South-South Nigeria (original) (raw)
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Faculty of Family Medicine, 2015
HIV/AIDS is a disease of public health importance which has become a chronic disease with the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) as against being a "death sentence" in the pre-ART era. Studies in this environment have shown that there is an improvement in the health related quality of life (HRQoL) of persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) on ART. However, no comparison in the HRQoL has been done in PLWHA before and after the commencement of ART. The aim of this study is to ascertain the perceived HRQoL of PLWHA before and six months after the commencement of ART, as well as the contributions of other supportive care with a view to examine their HRQoL. This was a descriptive longitudinal hospital based study that involved 216 PLWHA who were yet to commence ART attending the antiretroviral clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Owo. They were all consecutive patients that presented at the hospital during the period of the study who meet the inclusion criteria and consented to participate in the study. A pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer administered questionnaire was used. The same questionnaire was re-administered after six months on ART. It consisted of sociodemographic characteristics, personal and family information, perceived social support, quality of life, family APGAR, presenting complaints, physical examination, and laboratory parameters. Data was analysed with SPSS version 15. Descriptive statistics was used to summarize the sociodemographic data. Mean scores were computed and linear regression was used to model for the predictors of quality of life (QoL). Male: female ratio was 1:2. About two-third (65.7%) of the respondents were married and 86.1% of them were employed. The study showed that the mean QoL of respondents was significantly higher at six months after the commencement of ART in all domains except in the physical. Other predictors of QoL in this study were: marital status, female gender, unemployment, awareness period of HIV status and income. Although HIV/AIDS still does not have a cure, ART and other supportive care remain the mainstay of management. PLWHA could be reassured that within six months on ART and other supportive care, they are likely to have significant improvement in their HRQoL. Furthermore, the importance of family functionality should be emphasized by Family Physicians.
2012
Background : Quality of life (QOL) is an important component in the evaluation of the well-being of people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA), especially with the appreciable rise in longevity of PLWHA. Moreover, limited studies have been conducted in Nigeria on how PLWHA perceive their life with the World Health Organisation Quality of Life Brief Scale (WHOQOL-Bref) instrument. Objective : This study assessed the QOL of PLWHA attending the antiretroviral (ARV) clinics, UCH Ibadan, Nigeria. Method : A cross-sectional study was conducted from June to September 2008 that involved 150 randomly selected HIV-positive patients who were regular attendees at the antiretroviral clinic, UCH Ibadan. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic data, satisfaction with perceived social support, medical records, and QOL was assessed with WHOQOL-Bref. Results : The mean age of the respondents was 38.1 ± 9.0 years and the male : female ratio was 1:2. T...
Value in Health Regional Issues, 2020
Globally, an appropriate estimate of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is essential for the economic evaluation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs to ensure optimal value for money. Therefore, this article aimed to evaluate the HRQoL of PLWHA on ART and to explore its predictors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHA in an ART clinic of a Nigerian tertiary hospital. The participants were selected through a computer-based simple random sampling technique. The study instrument used for data collection was the English-language version of the European Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L). The participants completed the questionnaire in the waiting room of the clinic, and the patients' clinical data were retrieved from their medical records. Descriptive statistics and multivariate linear regression were used for data analysis. P<.05 was considered statistically significant. Out of the 352 participants, the majority were femal...
Quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients in a secondary health care facility, Ilorin, Nigeria
Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 2013
This study evaluated the quality of life (QoL) and associated factors for 160 HIV/AIDS patients in Sobi Specialist Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. The patients were assessed with the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Short Version. Frequency distribution, percentages, and means were employed for the statistical analysis of the results. The mean age of the HIV/AIDS patients was 38.0 years; 70% were females, 55% were literates, more than three quarters were married, and one third were businessmen/women. The overall mean scores for healthrelated QoL were 72 for the physical domain, 67 for the psychological domain, 65 for the environment domain, and 47 for the social domain. Significant differences were observed in all domains among patients who had received 12 months of antiretroviral therapy compared with those who had just begun therapy. Marital status, fewer pills, and longer duration of therapy appeared to predict better QoL in this study. The improved QoL in the physical, psychological, and environmental domains is suggestive of the interventions offered to the patients by the pharmacists in this setting.
BMC Public Health
Background The advent of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) is associated with improved clinical and laboratory outcomes resulting in prolonged life and well-being of people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). However, the needs for life-long therapy, medications’ side effects and stigma have raised concerns about their quality of life (QOL). This study assessed the determinants of Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among HIV-positive patients at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Zaria. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of 353 HIV-positive adults on HAART attending the HIV clinic of ABUTH, Zaria. The participants were recruited into the study using a systematic sampling technique. Data on socio-demographics, medical parameters, QOL and family functionality were collected using structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. The World Health Organization (WHO) Quality of Life HIV short form instrument (WHOQOL-HIV BREF) item a...
African Health Sciences
Background: Health-related quality of life reflects a patient’s general subjective perception of the effect of an illness or in- tervention on physical, psychological and social aspects of daily life. HIV infection is a major public health problem especially in developing countries where poor health infrastructure and poverty are prevalent. This paper addresses the quality of life in patients with chronic HIV infection in South East Nigeria and addresses issues that may help improve the current situation. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was carried out at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, to assess patients with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) using a validated structured questionnaire (WHOQoL-BREF). Ethical clearance for the study was obtained. Study period was from October - December, 2017. Data obtained was analysed. Results: A total of 389 HIV patients consented to the study. Over 70% were aged 18- 45 years and majority were females. Females had a ...
HIV & AIDS Review, 2013
Background: The tracking of outcome in HIV using a measure like health related quality of life (HRQOL), with broad coverage of general wellbeing of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is indicated for evolvement of public health policies toward comprehensive HIV care. Aim: This study aimed at evaluating HRQOL across multiple domains among PLWHA. Methods: A total of 295 HIV-positive adults were recruited using systematic random sampling method. They were administered socio-demographic questionnaires and 26-item World Health Organisation Quality of Life (WHOQOL-Bref) was used to measure health related quality of life. Results: Multi-dimensional assessment of QOL indicated that more participants reported their physical (70.8%), psychological (61.0%), social relationships (70.5%) and environmental (69.2%) domains to be fair. A significant association was observed between unemployment and poor overall QOL ( 2 = 4.83, df = 1, p = 0.028), while being married seems to confer good overall QOL (Kw = 12.63, df = 2, p = 0.002). Again, unemployment status was associated with poorer quality of life in the physical ( 2 = 9.21, df = 2, p = 0.012), psychological ( 2 = 10.92, df = 2, p = 0.002) and environmental ( 2 = 10.13, df = 2, p = 0.012) domains. Conclusions: The study observed varied degrees of impairment across specific domains of QOL. To ensure improved QOL, HIV care with relevant policies should target multidimensional aspects of health. Additionally, socio-economic problems like stigma with relationships issues and unemployment should be addressed by the government with institutions of human rights (such as right to equal opportunity, autonomy, privacy and health, safe working environment and information) for all PLWHA. Further research on QOL and tracking of HIV disease outcome with multi-dimensional approach are implied.
Quality of life of Nigerians living with human immunodeficiency virus
Pan African Medical Journal, 2014
Introduction: Few reports from Nigeria have examined the quality of life (QOL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) despite the fact that Nigeria has the second largest number of PLWHA in the world. This study evaluated the QOL of Nigerians living with HIV/AIDS using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire for HIV-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) instrument and assessed the impact of demographic, laboratory and disease-related variables on QOL. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 491 consecutive PLWHA aged ≥ 18 years attending the dedicated clinic to PLWHA in Southwest Nigeria. Results: The lowest mean QOL scores were recorded in the environment and social domains. Participants aged ≥ 40 years had better QOL in the environment (p = 0.039) and spirituality (p = 0.033) domains and those in relationships had better QOL in the social relationship domain (p = 0.002). Subjects with no or primary education and those who rated their health status as good gave significantly higher ratings in all QOL domains. Participants with AIDS had significant lower QOL in the level of independence domain (p = 0.018) and those with CD4 count ≥ 350 cells /mm3 had better QOL scores in the physical, psychological and level of independence domains. Subjects without tuberculosis co-infection and those on antiretroviral therapy (ART) reported significantly better QOL in the physical, psychological, level of independence and spirituality domains. Conclusion: Marital relationship, absence of tuberculosis, CD4 count ≥ 350 cells /mm3 and use of ART positively impacted QOL of our patients.
Health related quality of life among the people living with HIV
Identifying the level of health related quality of life (HQoL) and their influencing factors in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive people is of extreme importance in implementing an interventional program to support this group. This cross sectional study was an attempt to determine the level and factors associated with HQoL among the people living with HIV. A convenient sample of 82 HIV-infected people from three NGOs and one Infectious Disease Hospital (IDH), were interviewed using an interviewer administered, semi structured questionnaire developed by adopting the "WHOQOL-HIV BREF instrument". A majority of the respondents were with low Quality of Life (QoL) in all the domains of HQoL. The proportion of respondents with low QoL was highest in the domain of social relationship (64.6%) followed by psychological domain (59.8%), physical domain (58.5%), level of independence domain (56.1%), environmental domain (52.4%) and spirituality domain (52.4%) of HQoL. Bivariate analysis revealed that the overall perception of QoL was better in the respondents living in urban area, who were employed and asymptomatic of the centre for disease control (CDC) stage of HIV. The perception of overall health was higher in females, all respondents less than 35 years of age, asymptomatic of the CDC stage of disease and with a current CD 4 count greater than 200 cell/mm 3. These findings highlight the need for enhanced socio-psychosocial support and a better environment for improving the health related quality of life among people living with HIV.